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Analyzing the Effects of the Ebola Virus Disease Outbreak on Maternal and Child Health Services in the Health District of Beyla, Guinea
Karifa Kourouma,
Bienvenu Salim Camara,
Delphin Kolie,
Sidikiba Sidibé,
Abdoul Habib Beavogui,
Alexandre Delamou
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, August 2019
Pages:
136-141
Received:
8 April 2019
Accepted:
29 May 2019
Published:
12 June 2019
Abstract: While more efforts were needed to enhance maternal and child health services in Guinea, the country experienced the worst and longest Ebola virus disease outbreak in 2014. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of the 2014 Ebola virus disease outbreak on antenatal care visits, institutional deliveries and vaccine coverage among children aged 0 to 11 months in the health district of Beyla in Guinea. This was an ecological study based on aggregated data from the public health facilities of the district health of Beyla, that covered three distinct periods related to the Ebola virus disease outbreak: pre-Ebola (February 1st 2013 to January 31st 2014), intra-Ebola (February 1st 2014 to January 31st 2015) and post-Ebola (February 1st 2015 to December 31st 2015). Antenatal care visits, institutional deliveries and vaccination coverage of children aged 0 to 11 months significantly decreased during the intra and post-Ebola periods. The average of antenatal care visits (third visit or more) declined from 123% (pre-Ebola period) to 85% and 65% during the intra and post-Ebola periods respectively. Institutional deliveries declined from 40% to 35% then to 30% respectively (p < 0.001). Also, the average of vaccination coverage declined from 86% to 65% then to 56% respectively for BCG (p < 0.001), from 90% to 50% then to 52% for Pentavalent-3 (p < 0.001), and from 84% to 33% then to 48% for Oral Polio vaccine (third dose) (p < 0.001). Ebola virus disease outbreak led to persistent decrease in antenatal care visits, institutional deliveries and vaccination coverages among children aged 0 to 11 months in the district health of Beyla intra and post Ebola outbreak. Further studies, using qualitative research methods, that explore perceptions of communities and women will better guide health response during outbreak, strengthen health systems and prevent future Ebola outbreak in Guinea.
Abstract: While more efforts were needed to enhance maternal and child health services in Guinea, the country experienced the worst and longest Ebola virus disease outbreak in 2014. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of the 2014 Ebola virus disease outbreak on antenatal care visits, institutional deliveries and vaccine coverage among children a...
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Guidelines for Medical and Health Protection of Older People in Africa
Ousseynou Ka,
Abdoul Aziz Ndiaye,
Awa Gaye,
Ndeye Fatou Ngom,
Mountaga Elimane Dia,
Martial Coly Bop,
Cheikh Tacko Diop,
Alioune Badara Tall,
Boubacar Gueye,
Papa Gallo Sow,
Lamine Gueye
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, August 2019
Pages:
142-148
Received:
12 May 2019
Accepted:
11 June 2019
Published:
24 June 2019
Abstract: To cope with the aging of the population on the horizon in Africa and in particular in Senegal, it is important to set up geronto-geriatric policies adapted to our socio-economic and health context. Thus, in the field of health, the medical and health protection of the elderly, should have a double requirement which consists on the one hand, to prevent the loss of autonomy and on the other hand, in case of illness, even minor, to early diagnosis and appropriate treatment before cascading lesions occur. The main principles or guidelines for a geriatric strategy in Senegal in particular and in Africa in general could be articulated around a policy of home care; the integration of geronto-geriatrics with primary health care, specialized consultation, psychomotor rehabilitation, traditional medico-surgical hospitalization and housing for the elderly. However, any medical and health action in favor of the elderly must first give priority to prevention without neglecting the curative aspect. Thus, this action to be effective should focus on maintaining the home and the family of the elderly, through an urbanization policy that should make possible the cohabitation of ages. On the other hand, the creation of services exclusively reserved for the elderly should for the moment be excluded, since it is culturally inappropriate and economically difficult to implement. It should be emphasized that this medical and health protection for the elderly will require the provision of additional financial resources. However, the organization that will have to cover the cost of this care has yet to be defined.
Abstract: To cope with the aging of the population on the horizon in Africa and in particular in Senegal, it is important to set up geronto-geriatric policies adapted to our socio-economic and health context. Thus, in the field of health, the medical and health protection of the elderly, should have a double requirement which consists on the one hand, to pre...
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Effects of the 2014/2015 Ebola Outbreak on Malaria Management in Pregnant Women: A Comparative Study of an Ebola Affected and Unaffected Rural District of Guinea
Delphin Kolie,
Bienvenu Salim Camara,
Karifa Kourouma,
Fassou Mathias Grovogui,
Alexandre Delamou,
Abdoul Habib Beavogui,
Veerle Hermans,
Claude Pierre Muller,
Jeffrey Karl Edwards,
Johan Van Griensven,
Rony Zachariah
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, August 2019
Pages:
149-155
Received:
15 May 2019
Accepted:
14 June 2019
Published:
29 June 2019
Abstract: This study aimed to measure the effects of Ebola outbreak on antenatal care attendance and malaria management in pregnant women in Guinea. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in two rural malaria-endemic health districts: on the epicentre of the West African Ebola outbreak (Guéckédou) and the other spared by Ebola (Koubia). Data were compared over similar periods of high malaria transmission before, during and after the Ebola outbreak. There were substantial declines in antenatal care visits in Guéckédou, from a monthly average number of 7,208 before the outbreak to 3,151 (57% decrease) during and 2,843 visits (61% decrease) after it while this indicator increased across the same periods in Koubia. In Guéckédou, the number of SP first doses provided dropped from 2,566 before the outbreak to 1,263 (51% decrease) during and 1,010 (61% decrease) after the Ebola outbreak (P < 0.001) while in Koubia, the decline was by 13% and 24% during and after the outbreak from an average number of 499 doses before it (P < 0.001). Fever cases increased by 43% and 38% during and after the outbreak respectively in Guéckédou and by 28% during and 11% after the outbreak in Koubia. Untreated malaria cases represented 11% and 12% of confirmed malaria cases during and after the outbreak respectively compared to 3% before it in Guéckédou, while in Koubia no untreated case was seen across these periods. There is need to uphold malaria services during future outbreaks.
Abstract: This study aimed to measure the effects of Ebola outbreak on antenatal care attendance and malaria management in pregnant women in Guinea. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in two rural malaria-endemic health districts: on the epicentre of the West African Ebola outbreak (Guéckédou) and the other spared by Ebola (Koubia). Data wer...
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Study of the Viability of the Departmental Health Insurance Unit in the Health District of Koungheul (Senegal)
Mamadou Makhtar M. Backe Leye,
Oumar Bassoum,
Ndeye Marème Sougou,
Marc Raffinot,
Anta Tal Dia
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, August 2019
Pages:
156-164
Received:
25 March 2019
Accepted:
17 June 2019
Published:
1 July 2019
Abstract: The promotion of departmental units of health insurance (UDAM) is an essential path advocated by the State of Senegal to access to universal health coverage. The UDAM is a departmental mutual, professionalized with an expanded package of covered services and allowing early recourse of beneficiary patients to the public health structures of the district. After two years of implementation (2014-2015) from this initiative in a pilot phase, this work is to study the viability of UDAM Koungheul. A quantitative and qualitative evaluation study was conducted from July 20 to August 15, 2016. For the quantitative part, the study population of all records (logs and records) of members of UDAM Koungheul. A comprehensive recruitment files was conducted. An observation grid was crafted to collect data. As for the qualitative aspect, it was the UDAM officials, members, and non-members. Of individual interviews and focus group guides were used to collect the perceptions of these different targets on UDAM. Quantitative data were entered and analyzed using Excel 2007. Content analysis of about was conducted for qualitative data. Administratively, the UDAM had a good overall score of its operation tracking quality with 85% in 2014 and 100% in 2015 but gaps were noted in the use of some tools for managing and monitoring its operation. Functionally, the number of members and beneficiaries increased during 2015 with rates of monthly recoveries were around 100%. The penetration rate increased from 2% to 8% from 2014 to 2015. Technically, the beneficiaries of the least supported UDAM benefit costs covered compared to non-beneficiaries. Excluding this benefit to populations, UDAM was submitted the risks of abuse and adverse selection. Financially and economically, loss of membership fees failed to cover the cost of benefits with ratios of 52% (2014) and 55% (2015). The capital remained insufficient to cover its operating expenses and investment. Operating expense ratios for 2014 and 2015 were 85% and 176% respectively. The own financing rate increased from 62% to 35% in 2015. Apart from administrative and operational viabilities, other sustainability dimensions: technical, financial and technical threatened once the partner withdraws. Thus, it is important that the additional funding is UDAM able to fill the financial gap with the withdrawal of a partner to face the charges and to strengthen its outreach activities in order to join the people and retain members.
Abstract: The promotion of departmental units of health insurance (UDAM) is an essential path advocated by the State of Senegal to access to universal health coverage. The UDAM is a departmental mutual, professionalized with an expanded package of covered services and allowing early recourse of beneficiary patients to the public health structures of the dist...
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Knowledge Attitude and Practice of Geriatric Patients Towards Predictors of Healthy Living at a Tertiary Health Institution in Abuja Nigeria
Christie Omolola Adams,
Ebenezer Obi Daniel,
Gabriel Omoniyi Ayeni,
Baamlong Nicholas,
Ripiye Nanna Rebecca
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, August 2019
Pages:
165-171
Received:
5 June 2019
Accepted:
4 July 2019
Published:
15 July 2019
Abstract: The main objective of this study is to determine the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of the geriatrics towards the predictor of healthy living in a tertiary hospital in Abuja, Nigeria. The study was carried out at the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital (UATH), Abuja – Nigeria. A descriptive cross sectional survey of the geriatric patients attending Clinic at the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada – Abuja – Nigeria, was carried out. Data was obtained through the use of structured, self-administered questionnaire. Summated scores were used to grade respondents’ knowledge attitudes and practices towards predictors of healthy living. Data analysis was done using the Statistical package for Social Science (SPSS) version 21. Data were presented using descriptive statistics of tables, frequencies, percentages, and pie charts. Inferential statistics of Chi-square was used to test for associations between socio-demographic variables and the knowledge, attitude and practice of geriatric patients towards predictors of healthy living. Out of 319 respondents, 50.5% have good knowledge while 49.5% have poor knowledge towards predictors of healthy living. It was also revealed in the study that a greater proportion of the respondents (52%) have poor attitude towards predictors of healthy living while less than half (48%) have good attitude. It was further discovered that 58.6% of the respondents have poor practice, while only 41.4% have good practice towards predictors of healthy living. Inferentially, Chi-square revealed that there was statistical significant association between marital status and knowledge of the respondents towards predictors of healthy living (P<0.05). Furthermore, the level of education and religion of the respondents was found to have statistical significant association with their attitude towards predictors of healthy living (P <0.05) and there was statistical significant association between the educational level and religion of the geriatric patients and their practice towards predictor of healthy living (P <0.05). There is a need for action from all concerned stakeholders to improve the KAP of the geriatric population towards predictors of healthy living. Suggested recommendations among others are; that government should enact enabling laws that will promote geriatrics’ healthy living, improve the community awareness on the predictors of healthy living among geriatrics through health promotions and provide qualitative education and training/retraining courses for health workers to improve their knowledge on geriatrics health and to effectively take up their roles in educating the target population.
Abstract: The main objective of this study is to determine the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of the geriatrics towards the predictor of healthy living in a tertiary hospital in Abuja, Nigeria. The study was carried out at the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital (UATH), Abuja – Nigeria. A descriptive cross sectional survey of the geriatric patient...
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Assessment on Prevalence of Tinea Capitis and Its Associated Factors among School Children in Addis Zemen, Northwest Ethiopia, 2016
Sefanit Lulekal,
Sineshaw Abera,
Sisay Misganaw,
Sisay Urgie,
Sora Asfaw
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, August 2019
Pages:
172-177
Received:
17 March 2019
Accepted:
15 April 2019
Published:
26 July 2019
Abstract: Tinea capitis also known as "herpes tonsurans ringworm of the hair, ringworm of the scalp and tinea tonsurans is a cutaneous fungal infection (dermatophytosis) of the scalp. It is a common infection especially in poor socioeconomic settings. This study determines the high prevalence of Tinea capitis and its associated factors in school children in Addis Zemen, South Gondar, North west Ethiopia. The objective of this study is to assess Prevalence and associated factors of Tinea capitis among school children in Alabo elementary school, Addis zemen. A Cross sectional study was carried out among 405 school children in Addis zemen in 2016. The data were collected by interviewer administrated questionnaire and physical examination. The collected data was entered and analyzed by SPSS version 20, Binary logistic regression was done to assess the association between each independent and dependent variable. Hosmer-lemeshow goodness-of-fit was also done to assess the reliability of our data. P-value and odds ratio was done to assess the magnitude and strength of the correlation between covariates and dependent factor. Among 405 school children the prevalence of tinea capitis was 88 (21.7%) with 95%C.I=18.3-26.2; Of which it is significantly associated with age (AOR=5.92, 95%C.I= 1.51-23.21), family size (AOR=3.12, 95%C.I=1.25-7.81), occupational status of mother (AOR=0.193, 95%C.I=0.05-0.86), bed room sharing (AOR=5.62, 95%C.I=1.09-28.84), comb sharing (AOR=3.86, 95%C.I=1.68-8.87), and family member with same symptom (AOR=8.54, 95%C.I=3.26-22.35). in conclusion Tinea capitis is prevalent in Addis Zemen, Northwest Ethiopia, risking children to poor quality of life associated with different risk factors.Provision for prevention and control should be set in the community, schools and health facilities focusing on health education, sanitation and hygiene control programs.
Abstract: Tinea capitis also known as "herpes tonsurans ringworm of the hair, ringworm of the scalp and tinea tonsurans is a cutaneous fungal infection (dermatophytosis) of the scalp. It is a common infection especially in poor socioeconomic settings. This study determines the high prevalence of Tinea capitis and its associated factors in school children in ...
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Assessment of Patient’ Relatives Satisfaction Towards Health Service Delivery in Tertiary Health Facilities in Benin-City, Edo State, Nigeria
Esohe Olivia Ogboghodo,
Adedoyin Catherine Adeniyi,
Obehi Hilda Okojie
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, August 2019
Pages:
178-184
Received:
5 June 2019
Accepted:
12 July 2019
Published:
26 July 2019
Abstract: This study aims to assess satisfaction rate of patient’s relatives towards health service delivery in tertiary health facilities in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional study design among patient’s relatives was carried out. Data collection was by mixed methods using a pre-tested, interviewer-administered questionnaire and Focus Group Discussion Guide. Quantitative data collected was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 22.0 while qualitative data was analyzed thematically using ATLAS. ti software. Logistic regression was used to calculate the determinants of satisfaction of respondents with their corresponding odds ratios (OR), 95% confidence intervals (CI), and p-values recorded. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. A total number of 412 respondents (comprising 400 respondents and 12 Focus Group Discussion participants) were surveyed. The study showed a higher proportion 228 (57.0%) of respondents with dissatisfaction. The determinants of satisfaction of HSD were; sex (OR: 5.976 95% CI: 1.147-3.465), skill level (OR: 7.276 95% CI: 0.149-0.740) and being on NHIS (OR: 5.442 95% CI: 0.193-0.867). Thematic analysis of the FGD revealed that poor communication, high cost of service, lack of empathy demonstrated by some health workers and prolonged stay on admission were reasons for dissatisfaction. A higher proportion of the respondents had overall dissatisfaction with HSD and factors such as timeliness, cost of service and lack of empathy demonstrated by health care workers were identified as reasons for the dissatisfaction.
Abstract: This study aims to assess satisfaction rate of patient’s relatives towards health service delivery in tertiary health facilities in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional study design among patient’s relatives was carried out. Data collection was by mixed methods using a pre-tested, interviewer-administered questionnaire and ...
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