GC-MS Analysis and Antimicrobial Screening of Essential Oil from Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus)
Mahmoud Mohamed Ali,
Mohammad Abdi Yusuf,
Mohamed N. Abdalaziz
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
72-76
Received:
29 September 2017
Accepted:
17 October 2017
Published:
1 November 2017
Abstract: Medicinal plants are source of a great economic value. Plant herbs are naturally gifted at the synthesis of medicinal compounds. The extraction and characterization of bioactive compounds from medicinal plants have resulted in the discovery of new drugs with high therapeutic value. Lemon grass was collected from administration gardens near Burjifartih west Khartoum, and was extracted for its oil by the hydro-distillation method approximately four hours. the extracted oil was analyzed by GC-MS and chemical constituents in the oil were identified, the major compounds in the oil were, citral (34.8%), neral (30.72%), β-myrecene (11.28%), geraniol (5.54%), 1,3,4-trimethyl 3-cyclohexene-1-Carboxaldehyde (2.20%), citonellol (1.34%). The compounds, D-Limonene (0.03%), Geranyl Acetate (0.57%) and Bicyclo [3.1.1] heptane-2-Carboxaldehyde-6,6-dimethyl (0.23%) were the minor compounds. antibacterial and antifungal activities of the oil were tested, all tested microorganisms were sensitive and no resistant was not observed, all growth inhibition zones occurred in the high activity level which is (>18mm).
Abstract: Medicinal plants are source of a great economic value. Plant herbs are naturally gifted at the synthesis of medicinal compounds. The extraction and characterization of bioactive compounds from medicinal plants have resulted in the discovery of new drugs with high therapeutic value. Lemon grass was collected from administration gardens near Burjifar...
Show More
Drug Development for PCGF2 Protein, Involved in Formation of Human Breast Cancer by Polyphenols and Their Derivatives Extracted from Cowania maxicana
Jawaria Khan,
Ardas Masood,
Asma Noor,
Muhammad Imran Qadir
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
77-81
Received:
25 May 2017
Accepted:
8 October 2017
Published:
15 November 2017
Abstract: In women, the most commonly found cancer is breast cancer. PCGF2 (polycomb group RING finger protein 2) was found to be one of the reasons that cause breast carcinoma in women. Ring finger protein causes formation of multiprotein complexes and mediates interactions between different proteins. The polyphenols, extracted from Cowania maxicana and their derivatives were found to have anti proliferative activities. They showed greater efficiency and specificity towards the target protein PCGF2 (polycomb group RING finger protein 2).
Abstract: In women, the most commonly found cancer is breast cancer. PCGF2 (polycomb group RING finger protein 2) was found to be one of the reasons that cause breast carcinoma in women. Ring finger protein causes formation of multiprotein complexes and mediates interactions between different proteins. The polyphenols, extracted from Cowania maxicana and the...
Show More
Toxicological Studies of Fruit Powder and Extracted Cake of Melia volkensii Guerke (Family: Meliaceae) on Maasai Goats in Kenya
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
82-85
Received:
28 May 2017
Accepted:
8 October 2017
Published:
15 November 2017
Abstract: Goat supplement feeds prepared from a dried Melia volkensii (Mv) fruit powder, which is known to contain insecticidal activity and the residual cake obtained after extracting oil from the fruit powder with aqueous ethanol, to remove the insecticidal activity do not adversely affect the growth and performance of Maasai goats even after exposure to the feed for two months. The feed prepared from the residual Mv cake was found to be more acceptable and palatable to the goats compared to the Mv powder, which was unextracted. Goats fed on the Mv residual cake also showed better performance than the controls fed on the wheat bran supplement or the ones fed on Mv powder. It is concluded from this study that Mv dry fruit powder and Mv extracted residual cake could be used as safe ruminant feed supplements in rural areas where M. volkensii is prominently on medicinal common use traditionally. The results also indicated that Mv is non-toxic to this ruminant mammalian model, hence environmentally safe for human use as insecticide with respect to a wide range of ethnic-based traditional claims. However, more in-depth scientific studies are necessary to generate sufficient data under different environmental conditions for comparative analysis and henceforth, considerations.
Abstract: Goat supplement feeds prepared from a dried Melia volkensii (Mv) fruit powder, which is known to contain insecticidal activity and the residual cake obtained after extracting oil from the fruit powder with aqueous ethanol, to remove the insecticidal activity do not adversely affect the growth and performance of Maasai goats even after exposure to t...
Show More
Pharmacological Activities of Annona squamosa: Updated Review
Win Min Oo,
Myat Mon Khine
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
86-93
Received:
8 October 2017
Accepted:
3 November 2017
Published:
25 November 2017
Abstract: Annona squamosa is a medicinal plant which has been used in alternative medicine from ancient times. Different parts of Annona squamosa such as fruits, seeds, leaves and barks have been used to treat many diseases. Some of the active constituents have been identified and investigated for biological actions while the rest are yet to be explored. Current understanding of pharmacological properties of Annona squamosa not only supports alternative medicine but also contributes to the development of potential drugs for certain diseases. Therefore, an updated review on pharmacological actions of Annona squamosa is in urgent need. The purpose of this review is to provide current understanding of important pharmacological properties of Annona squamosa. The information provided in this article could be used to proceed to the designation and development of new pharmacological agents prepared from Annona squamosa for commonly encountered diseases.
Abstract: Annona squamosa is a medicinal plant which has been used in alternative medicine from ancient times. Different parts of Annona squamosa such as fruits, seeds, leaves and barks have been used to treat many diseases. Some of the active constituents have been identified and investigated for biological actions while the rest are yet to be explored. Cur...
Show More
Effect of Collaborative Instructional Strategy on Male and Female Students’ Achievement in Secondary School Chemistry in Benue State, Nigeria
Clement Onwu Iji,
Augustina Nkem Okwuchukwu Ochu,
Odihi Adikwu,
Sunday Esmond Atamonokhai
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
94-98
Received:
6 October 2017
Accepted:
31 October 2017
Published:
30 November 2017
Abstract: This study investigated Effect of Collaborative Instructional Strategy (CIS) on Students’ Achievement in Secondary School Chemistry in Benue State, Nigeria. Its design was quasi-experimental. Its population was 6,400 Senior Secondary School two students of 301 government-approved co-educational schools in Benue State. Study sample was 216 students of 4 schools within the three Educational Zones of the state. Purposive sampling was used to select 4 out of 6 schools. Random sampling, by tossing a coin, was used to sample 2 schools for experimental group while the remaining 2 served as control group. 2 research questions and 2 hypotheses guided the study. Instrument for data collection was Chemistry Achievement Test. It was developed and validated by 3 experts; its reliability coefficient, Kuder-Richardson, K-R 21, was 0.85. Means were used to answer research questions while ANCOVA was used to test hypotheses. Students of CIS had significantly greater mean achievement score than those of Traditional Lecture Method (TLM) and there was no significant difference in mean achievement scores due to gender of CIS. Thus, CIS was more effective in enhancing students’ achievement than TLM, and was gender friendly. It was recommended that trainings be organized on use of CIS for Secondary School Chemistry teachers.
Abstract: This study investigated Effect of Collaborative Instructional Strategy (CIS) on Students’ Achievement in Secondary School Chemistry in Benue State, Nigeria. Its design was quasi-experimental. Its population was 6,400 Senior Secondary School two students of 301 government-approved co-educational schools in Benue State. Study sample was 216 students ...
Show More
Evaluation of the Effects of Biofield Energy Healing Based Herbomineral Formulation on Various Biomarkers in Male Sprague Dawley Rats: Potential Role of the Trivedi Effect®
Mahendra Kumar Trivedi,
Alice Branton,
Dahryn Trivedi,
Gopal Nayak,
Barry Dean Wellborn,
Deborah Lea Smith,
Dezi Ann Koster,
Elizabeth Patric,
Jagdish Singh,
Kathleen Starr Vagt,
Krista Joanne Callas,
Sambhu Charan Mondal,
Snehasis Jana
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
99-108
Received:
30 October 2017
Accepted:
17 November 2017
Published:
5 December 2017
Abstract: A new proprietary herbomineral formulation was formulated, consisting of essential ingredients viz. herbal root extract ashwagandha and minerals (zinc, magnesium, and selenium). The aim of the study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory potential of Energy of Consciousness Healing (The Trivedi Effect®) Treatment on the herbomineral formulation in male Sprague Dawley rats. The test formulation was divided into two parts. One part was denoted as the control without Biofield Energy Healing Treatment, while the other part was defined as the Biofield Energy Treated sample, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely from seven renowned Biofield Energy Healers. Additionally, one group of animals was also received Biofield Energy Treatment per se (day -15) by Biofield Energy Healers under similar conditions. The IgM, IgG, CD4+, and CD8+ were altered in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation (G4) compared to the disease control (G2). TLC was significantly increased by 19.35% in the G4 compared to the G2. Neutrophil was significantly increased by 31.53%, 29.73%, 31.53%, and 33.84% in the G4, untreated test formulation (G5), G6, and G7, respectively compared to the G2. The levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) were significantly lowered by 18.18% (p≤0.01), 46.33% (p≤0.01), and 46.41% (p≤0.01), respectively in the G4 compared to the G2. Additionally, the levels of TC, TG, low density lipoprotein (LDL), and VLDL were significantly reduced by 25.50% (p≤0.001), 96.39% (p≤0.001), 13.91%, and 55.08% (p≤0.001), respectively in the G6 compared to the G2. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was significantly reduced by 33.65% (p≤0.001) in the G4 compared to the G2. Moreover, the levels of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), ALP, and creatine kinase myocardium band (CK-MB) were significantly decreased by 29.44% (p≤0.05), 25.54% (p≤0.01), 27.97% (p≤0.01), and 36.07% (p≤0.01), respectively in the G7 group compared to the G2. Testosterone was significantly increased by 83.68%, 305.90%, 1271.03% (p<0.001) and 745.35% (p<0.05) in the G4, G5, G6 and G7, respectively compared to the G2. The level of catalase enzyme was significantly increased by 57.91% (p<0.01) and 98.51% (p<0.001) in Biofield Energy Treatment per se at day -15 (G6) and Biofield Energy Treated test formulation at day -15 (G7), respectively compared to the G2. Overall, results suggested that the Biofield Energy Treated herbomineral formulation and Biofield Energy Treatment per se can be used for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, stress management and prevention, and anti-aging by improving overall health.
Abstract: A new proprietary herbomineral formulation was formulated, consisting of essential ingredients viz. herbal root extract ashwagandha and minerals (zinc, magnesium, and selenium). The aim of the study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory potential of Energy of Consciousness Healing (The Trivedi Effect®) Treatment on the herbomineral formulation in ma...
Show More
