Formation of Gradient Micro-Porous Titanium-Aluminides Through Elemental Powder Metallurgy

Cynthia Kornegay Waters; Gerald Ross Vosburg; Stephen Ajinola

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijmsa.20180702.11

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Formation of Gradient Micro-Porous Titanium-Aluminides Through Elemental Powder Metallurgy

Cynthia Kornegay Waters, Gerald Ross Vosburg, Stephen Ajinola

Received: 31 May 2017 Accepted: 12 June 2017 Published: 18 January 2018

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Abstract

The research into alloys, specifically titanium and aluminum alloys (Ti & Al), has rapidly growing technological importance. The combined research into Ti-Al alloys in the field of powder metallurgy has advanced the fabrication of a part with high compressive strength, low relative density and material properties in addition to being a cost-effective process. In this work Ti-Al alloys were created using elemental Ti and Al powders. Elemental powders with a melting point of over 1000°C were sintered via liquid phase sintering (LPS). LPS is a process used for forming high performance, multiple-phase components from powders. It involves sintering at a temperature between the melting points of the two powders. The structural morphology, pore size and location were evaluated using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy. These methods allowed visible evidence of structural anomalies providing a capillary action which pulled the liquid Al to the surface and resulted into a densification of the part at the surfaces. The dense structure was seen on both the top and bottom of the samples with a layer of predominantly Al. The average on the top surface layer using optical measurements was 0.48mm and the bottom was 0.97mm.

DOI	10.11648/j.ijmsa.20180702.11
Published in	International Journal of Materials Science and Applications (Volume 7, Issue 2, March 2018)
Page(s)	33-38
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Powder Metallurgy, Capillary Action, Ti, Al, Alloys, Wicking

References

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[4]	German, R. M., Suri, P., & Park, S. J. “Review: liquid phase sintering”, Journal of Materials Science, 44(1), 1-39. (2009).
[5]	Hwang, K. S., German, R. M., and Lenel, F. V., "Capillary Forces Between Spheres During Agglomeration and Liquid Phase Sintering," Metall. Trans., vol. 18A, pp. 11_17, (1987).
[6]	Kim, S., Kim, G., Lee, W., Lee, H. S., Jeung, W., “A novel method to fabricate reinforced Ti composites by infiltration of Al (Mg) into porous titanium”, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Volume 715, Pages 404–412, (2017).
[7]	Dobrzański, L., Matula, G., Dobrzańska-Danikiewicz, A., Malara, P., Kremzer, M., Tomiczek, B., Kujawa, M., Hajduczek, E., Achtelik-Franczak, A., Dobrzański, L., Krzysteczko, J., “Composite Materials Infiltrated by Aluminium Alloys Based on Porous Skeletons from Alumina, Mullite and Titanium Produced by Powder Metallurgy Techniques”, Powder Metallurgy - Fundamentals and Case Studies, Chapter 5, published by Intech, (2017).
[8]	Peters, M., Hemptenmacher, J., Kumpfert, J., & Leyens, C., Structure and Properties of Ti and Ti Alloys Ti and Ti Alloys (pp. 1-36): Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. (2005).
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[10]	Torres, Y., Lascano, S., Bris, J., Pavón, J., & Rodriguez, J. A., Development of porous Ti for biomedical applications: A comparison between loose sintering and space-holder techniques. Materials Science and Engineering: C, 37, 148-155. (2014).
[11]	Campbell, F. C., Elements of metallurgy and engineering alloys. Materials Park, Ohio, (2008).
[12]	Huo, S., Heath, B., & Ryan, D., Applications of Powder Metallurgy Als for Automotive Valve-Trains., (2008).
[13]	Henriques, V. A., Bellinati, C. E., & da Silva, C. R., Production of Ti–6% Al–7% Nb alloy by powder metallurgy (P/M). Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 118(1), 212-215., (2001).

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APA Style

Cynthia Kornegay Waters, Gerald Ross Vosburg, Stephen Ajinola. (2018). Formation of Gradient Micro-Porous Titanium-Aluminides Through Elemental Powder Metallurgy. International Journal of Materials Science and Applications, 7(2), 33-38. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20180702.11

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ACS Style

Cynthia Kornegay Waters; Gerald Ross Vosburg; Stephen Ajinola. Formation of Gradient Micro-Porous Titanium-Aluminides Through Elemental Powder Metallurgy. Int. J. Mater. Sci. Appl. 2018, 7(2), 33-38. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20180702.11

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AMA Style

Cynthia Kornegay Waters, Gerald Ross Vosburg, Stephen Ajinola. Formation of Gradient Micro-Porous Titanium-Aluminides Through Elemental Powder Metallurgy. Int J Mater Sci Appl. 2018;7(2):33-38. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20180702.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijmsa.20180702.11,
  author = {Cynthia Kornegay Waters and Gerald Ross Vosburg and Stephen Ajinola},
  title = {Formation of Gradient Micro-Porous Titanium-Aluminides Through Elemental Powder Metallurgy},
  journal = {International Journal of Materials Science and Applications},
  volume = {7},
  number = {2},
  pages = {33-38},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijmsa.20180702.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20180702.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmsa.20180702.11},
  abstract = {The research into alloys, specifically titanium and aluminum alloys (Ti & Al), has rapidly growing technological importance. The combined research into Ti-Al alloys in the field of powder metallurgy has advanced the fabrication of a part with high compressive strength, low relative density and material properties in addition to being a cost-effective process. In this work Ti-Al alloys were created using elemental Ti and Al powders. Elemental powders with a melting point of over 1000°C were sintered via liquid phase sintering (LPS). LPS is a process used for forming high performance, multiple-phase components from powders. It involves sintering at a temperature between the melting points of the two powders. The structural morphology, pore size and location were evaluated using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy. These methods allowed visible evidence of structural anomalies providing a capillary action which pulled the liquid Al to the surface and resulted into a densification of the part at the surfaces. The dense structure was seen on both the top and bottom of the samples with a layer of predominantly Al. The average on the top surface layer using optical measurements was 0.48mm and the bottom was 0.97mm.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Formation of Gradient Micro-Porous Titanium-Aluminides Through Elemental Powder Metallurgy
AU - Cynthia Kornegay Waters
AU - Gerald Ross Vosburg
AU - Stephen Ajinola
Y1 - 2018/01/18
PY - 2018
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20180702.11
DO - 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20180702.11
T2 - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications
JF - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications
JO - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications
SP - 33
EP - 38
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2327-2643
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20180702.11
AB - The research into alloys, specifically titanium and aluminum alloys (Ti & Al), has rapidly growing technological importance. The combined research into Ti-Al alloys in the field of powder metallurgy has advanced the fabrication of a part with high compressive strength, low relative density and material properties in addition to being a cost-effective process. In this work Ti-Al alloys were created using elemental Ti and Al powders. Elemental powders with a melting point of over 1000°C were sintered via liquid phase sintering (LPS). LPS is a process used for forming high performance, multiple-phase components from powders. It involves sintering at a temperature between the melting points of the two powders. The structural morphology, pore size and location were evaluated using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy. These methods allowed visible evidence of structural anomalies providing a capillary action which pulled the liquid Al to the surface and resulted into a densification of the part at the surfaces. The dense structure was seen on both the top and bottom of the samples with a layer of predominantly Al. The average on the top surface layer using optical measurements was 0.48mm and the bottom was 0.97mm.
VL - 7
IS - 2
ER -

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Author Information

Cynthia Kornegay Waters

Mechanical Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, USA
Gerald Ross Vosburg

Mechanical Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, USA
Stephen Ajinola

Mechanical Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, USA

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Cynthia Kornegay Waters, Gerald Ross Vosburg, Stephen Ajinola. (2018). Formation of Gradient Micro-Porous Titanium-Aluminides Through Elemental Powder Metallurgy. International Journal of Materials Science and Applications, 7(2), 33-38. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20180702.11

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ACS Style

Cynthia Kornegay Waters; Gerald Ross Vosburg; Stephen Ajinola. Formation of Gradient Micro-Porous Titanium-Aluminides Through Elemental Powder Metallurgy. Int. J. Mater. Sci. Appl. 2018, 7(2), 33-38. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20180702.11

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AMA Style

Cynthia Kornegay Waters, Gerald Ross Vosburg, Stephen Ajinola. Formation of Gradient Micro-Porous Titanium-Aluminides Through Elemental Powder Metallurgy. Int J Mater Sci Appl. 2018;7(2):33-38. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20180702.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijmsa.20180702.11,
  author = {Cynthia Kornegay Waters and Gerald Ross Vosburg and Stephen Ajinola},
  title = {Formation of Gradient Micro-Porous Titanium-Aluminides Through Elemental Powder Metallurgy},
  journal = {International Journal of Materials Science and Applications},
  volume = {7},
  number = {2},
  pages = {33-38},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijmsa.20180702.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20180702.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmsa.20180702.11},
  abstract = {The research into alloys, specifically titanium and aluminum alloys (Ti & Al), has rapidly growing technological importance. The combined research into Ti-Al alloys in the field of powder metallurgy has advanced the fabrication of a part with high compressive strength, low relative density and material properties in addition to being a cost-effective process. In this work Ti-Al alloys were created using elemental Ti and Al powders. Elemental powders with a melting point of over 1000°C were sintered via liquid phase sintering (LPS). LPS is a process used for forming high performance, multiple-phase components from powders. It involves sintering at a temperature between the melting points of the two powders. The structural morphology, pore size and location were evaluated using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy. These methods allowed visible evidence of structural anomalies providing a capillary action which pulled the liquid Al to the surface and resulted into a densification of the part at the surfaces. The dense structure was seen on both the top and bottom of the samples with a layer of predominantly Al. The average on the top surface layer using optical measurements was 0.48mm and the bottom was 0.97mm.},
 year = {2018}
}

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