Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science

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Evaluation of Spatial and Temporal Variability of Sediment Yield on Bilate Watershed, Rift Valley Lake Basin, Ethiopia

Received: Oct. 05, 2019    Accepted: Dec. 24, 2019    Published: Jan. 08, 2020
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Abstract

In the watershed, sediment yield spatially and temporarily variable due to the factors for instance land use land cover, type of soil, rainfall distribution, topography and management practices. The main objective of this study was to evaluate spatial and temporal variability of sediment yield on Bilate watershed using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. Simulation carried out using meteorological and spatial data by dividing watershed in to 23 sub basins with 174 Hydrologic Response Units (HRUs). Model calibration period (2001-2010) and validation period (2011-2015) performed for monthly flow and sediment data using Sequential Uncertainty Fitting (SUFI-2) within SWAT Calibration of Uncertainty Program (SWAT-CUP). Model performance efficiency checked by coefficient of determination (R2), Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency (ENS), and observation Standard Deviation Ratio (RSR) and percent bias (PBIAS) indicating good performance of model evaluation. From 23 sub basins, 11 were categorized from moderate to very high (10-26 ton/ha/year) sediment yielding sub basins and selected for sediment management scenarios. Scenarios result showed that average annual sediment yield reduction at entire watershed level after application of grassed waterway, filter strips, terracing and contouring were 54.45%, 30.13%, 63.26% and 59.56% respectively. Also, at treated sub basins level 68.04%, 38.41%, 80.58% and 77.42% of sediment reduction revealed after application of grassed waterway, filter strips, terracing and contouring respectively. It concluded that sediment yield reduction applying terracing was more effective than other conservation measures for affected sub basins.

DOI 10.11648/j.wros.20200901.12
Published in Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science ( Volume 9, Issue 1, February 2020 )
Page(s) 5-14
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

SWAT Model, SUFI-2, Stream Flow, Sediment Yield, Management Scenarios, Bilate Watershed

References
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[2] Garcia-RuizJ, R. D.-R.-M. (2008). Flood generation and sediment transport in experimental catchments affected by land use changes in the central Pyrenees. pp. Hydrology, 245-260.
[3] Abegaz, G. (1995). Soil erosion assessment: Approaches, magnitude of the problem and issues on policy and strategy development (Region 3). Paper presented at the Workshop on Regional Natural Resources Management Potentials and Constraints, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
[4] Tripathi, M. P., Panda, R. K., & Raghuwanshi, N. S. (2004). Development of effective management plan for critical subwatersheds using SWAT model. Department of Soil and Water Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Indira Gandhi Agricultural Uni.
[5] Basson, G. R., & Rooseboom, A. (1999). Dealing with reservoir sedimentation: guidelines and case studies. International Commission on Large Dam Bulletin 115.
[6] Berhanu F., Yohannes G., Kefeni K. (1997). Inventory of indigenous soil and water conservation measures on selected sites in the Ethiopian Highlands. Research Report 34. Soil Conservation Research Programme and the University of Bern, Centre for Development.
[7] Douglas G. Emerson, Aldo V. Vecchia, and Ann L. Dah. (2005). Evaluation of DrainageArea Ratio Method Used to Estimate Stream flow for the Red River of the North Basin, North Dakota and Minnesota. Scientific Investigations Report 2005–5017. U.S. Department.
[8] Chen, E. & Mackay, D. S. (2004). Effects of distribution-based parameter aggregation on a spatially distributed nonpoint source pollution model. J. Hydro. 295, 211–224.
[9] Verstraeten, G., Prosser, I. P. & Fogarty, P. (2007). Predicting the spatial patterns of hillslope sediment delivery to river channels in the Murrumbidgee catchment, Australia. J. Hydro. 334, 440–454.
[10] Arnold, J. G., Haney, E. B., Kiniry, J. R., Neitsch, S. L., Srinivasan, R., Neitsch, S. L., & Williams, J. R.. (2012). Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) theoretical documentation version 2012. Texas Water Resources Institute Technical Report No. 439, pp65.
[11] Demisse, M. (2015). Assessment of Climate Change Impact on Flood Frequency of Bilate River Basin.
[12] Sendabo, D. (2007). Analysis of biomass degradation as an indicator of environmental challenge of Bilate watershed using GIS techniques.
[13] Ayenew, T. (1998). The hydrogeological system of the Lake District basin, Central Main Ethiopian Rift valley, Free University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 259pp.
[14] Winchell, M., R., Srinivasan, R. Di Luzio, M. and Arnold, J. G. (2007). Arc SWAT Interface for SWAT2005. Grassland, Soil & Water Research Laboratory, USDA Agricultural Grassland, Soil & Water Research Laboratory, USDA Agricultural.
[15] White, K. L. & Chaubey. (2005). Sensitivity analysis, calibration, and validations for a multisite multivariable SWAT model. Journal of American Water Resources Association. 41: 1077–1089.
[16] Dilnesaw, A. (2006). Modeling of Hydrology and Soil Erosion of Upper Awash River Basin. Unpublished Ph. D. Thesis, University of Bonn.
[17] Moriasi D. N., Arnold J. G, Liew M. W., Bingner R. L., Haremel R. D. and Veith T. L. (2007). Model Evaluation Guidelines for Systematic Quantification of Accuracy in Watershed Simulations, Journal of American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 50: 885-900.
[18] Sharpley, A. N., Weld, J. L., Beegle, D. B., Kleinman, P. J., Gburek, W. J., Moore, P. A., & Mullins, G. (2003). Development of phosphorus indices for nutrient management planning strategies in the United States. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 58: 137-152.
[19] Arabi, M, Frankenberger, J. R., Enge, B. A. (2008). Representation of agricultural conservation practices with SWAT. Journal of Hydrological Processes, 22: 30423055.
[20] Manawko, W. (2017). Assessing Effectiveness of Watershed Management Options for Sediment Yield Reduction Using SWAT Model: A Case Study of the Proposed Middle Awash Dam Watershed, Ethiopia.
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  • APA Style

    Mesfin Amaru Ayele, Bogale Gebremariam. (2020). Evaluation of Spatial and Temporal Variability of Sediment Yield on Bilate Watershed, Rift Valley Lake Basin, Ethiopia. Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science, 9(1), 5-14. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20200901.12

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    ACS Style

    Mesfin Amaru Ayele; Bogale Gebremariam. Evaluation of Spatial and Temporal Variability of Sediment Yield on Bilate Watershed, Rift Valley Lake Basin, Ethiopia. J. Water Resour. Ocean Sci. 2020, 9(1), 5-14. doi: 10.11648/j.wros.20200901.12

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    AMA Style

    Mesfin Amaru Ayele, Bogale Gebremariam. Evaluation of Spatial and Temporal Variability of Sediment Yield on Bilate Watershed, Rift Valley Lake Basin, Ethiopia. J Water Resour Ocean Sci. 2020;9(1):5-14. doi: 10.11648/j.wros.20200901.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.wros.20200901.12,
      author = {Mesfin Amaru Ayele and Bogale Gebremariam},
      title = {Evaluation of Spatial and Temporal Variability of Sediment Yield on Bilate Watershed, Rift Valley Lake Basin, Ethiopia},
      journal = {Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science},
      volume = {9},
      number = {1},
      pages = {5-14},
      doi = {10.11648/j.wros.20200901.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20200901.12},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wros.20200901.12},
      abstract = {In the watershed, sediment yield spatially and temporarily variable due to the factors for instance land use land cover, type of soil, rainfall distribution, topography and management practices. The main objective of this study was to evaluate spatial and temporal variability of sediment yield on Bilate watershed using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. Simulation carried out using meteorological and spatial data by dividing watershed in to 23 sub basins with 174 Hydrologic Response Units (HRUs). Model calibration period (2001-2010) and validation period (2011-2015) performed for monthly flow and sediment data using Sequential Uncertainty Fitting (SUFI-2) within SWAT Calibration of Uncertainty Program (SWAT-CUP). Model performance efficiency checked by coefficient of determination (R2), Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency (ENS), and observation Standard Deviation Ratio (RSR) and percent bias (PBIAS) indicating good performance of model evaluation. From 23 sub basins, 11 were categorized from moderate to very high (10-26 ton/ha/year) sediment yielding sub basins and selected for sediment management scenarios. Scenarios result showed that average annual sediment yield reduction at entire watershed level after application of grassed waterway, filter strips, terracing and contouring were 54.45%, 30.13%, 63.26% and 59.56% respectively. Also, at treated sub basins level 68.04%, 38.41%, 80.58% and 77.42% of sediment reduction revealed after application of grassed waterway, filter strips, terracing and contouring respectively. It concluded that sediment yield reduction applying terracing was more effective than other conservation measures for affected sub basins.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Evaluation of Spatial and Temporal Variability of Sediment Yield on Bilate Watershed, Rift Valley Lake Basin, Ethiopia
    AU  - Mesfin Amaru Ayele
    AU  - Bogale Gebremariam
    Y1  - 2020/01/08
    PY  - 2020
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20200901.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.wros.20200901.12
    T2  - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
    JF  - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
    JO  - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
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    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-7993
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20200901.12
    AB  - In the watershed, sediment yield spatially and temporarily variable due to the factors for instance land use land cover, type of soil, rainfall distribution, topography and management practices. The main objective of this study was to evaluate spatial and temporal variability of sediment yield on Bilate watershed using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. Simulation carried out using meteorological and spatial data by dividing watershed in to 23 sub basins with 174 Hydrologic Response Units (HRUs). Model calibration period (2001-2010) and validation period (2011-2015) performed for monthly flow and sediment data using Sequential Uncertainty Fitting (SUFI-2) within SWAT Calibration of Uncertainty Program (SWAT-CUP). Model performance efficiency checked by coefficient of determination (R2), Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency (ENS), and observation Standard Deviation Ratio (RSR) and percent bias (PBIAS) indicating good performance of model evaluation. From 23 sub basins, 11 were categorized from moderate to very high (10-26 ton/ha/year) sediment yielding sub basins and selected for sediment management scenarios. Scenarios result showed that average annual sediment yield reduction at entire watershed level after application of grassed waterway, filter strips, terracing and contouring were 54.45%, 30.13%, 63.26% and 59.56% respectively. Also, at treated sub basins level 68.04%, 38.41%, 80.58% and 77.42% of sediment reduction revealed after application of grassed waterway, filter strips, terracing and contouring respectively. It concluded that sediment yield reduction applying terracing was more effective than other conservation measures for affected sub basins.
    VL  - 9
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Faculty of Hydraulic and Water Resources Engineering, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia

  • Arba Minch Water Technology Institute, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia

  • Section