| Peer-Reviewed

Effects of Fertilizer Type and Grass Species on Agronomic Performances and Chemical Composition in Gozamin District, East Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia

Received: 30 June 2021    Accepted: 3 September 2021    Published: 12 October 2021
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

The field experiment was conducted in rainy season to evaluate the effects of fertilizer type and grass species on agronomic performances and nutritive value of grass. The study was conducted 3x4 factorial arrangements with 3 grass species (Buffel, Setaria and Desho) and 4 four fertilizer type (Ft); Ft1 (control), Ft2 (50 kg urea+60 quintal of compost/ha), Ft3 (100 kg urea/ha) and Ft4 (120 quintal of compost/ha) with 3 replications was used. The data were collected agronomic performances such as plant height, number tillers per plant, number leaves per plant, leaf length and dry matter yield (DMY). Chemical analysis was conducted for dry matter (DM %), Ash, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) was quantified. Results indicated that the agronomic performances and dry matter yield were significantly affected by fertilizer types, grass species and their interactions while interactions had no significant (P>0.05) effect on chemical analysis. Only chemical analysis no significantly (P>0.05) affected by grass species was crude protein (CP). However, fertilizer type was significantly (P<0.01) affected CP, NDF and ADL as well as ADF and Ash content (P<0.001), but non-significant (P>0.05) effect on DM %. The highest dry matter yield (DMY), crude protein (CP) and Ash content were obtained at received Ft2 (50 kg urea+ 60 quintal of compost/ha, whereas Ft1 (control) lowest in parameter. Higher NDF, ADF and ADL were recorded for unfertilized group. It could be concluded that, combined application of urea and compost showed a positive result on agronomic performance and forage quality. It could be suggested that Desho grass can be cultivated with 50 kg urea+ 60 quintal of compost/ha is important for maximize production with forage quality and sustainability of animal production in Gozamen district.

Published in American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics (Volume 6, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajere.20210604.11
Page(s) 103-110
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Biomass Yield, Urea, Compost, Nutritional Value

References
[1] Central Statistical Agency (CSA) (2019). Agricultural Sample Survey. Livestock and livestock characteristics (private peasant holdings) (Addis Ababa Ethiopia). Stat Bull. 587 (2): 35–9.
[2] Alemayehu. M, Kebede. G, Feyissa. F, Assefa. G. (2017). Review on Major Feed Resources in Ethiopia: Conditions, Challenges and Opportunities. Acad. Res. J. Agri. Sci. Res. 5 (3): 176-185.
[3] Gashe A, Zewdu T, Kassa A. (2017). Feed Resources Gozamen District, East Gojjam Zone, Amhara Region. J Environ Anal Toxicol 7: 437. doi: 10.4172/2161-0525.1000437.
[4] Mekuanint Gashaw and Girma Defar (2017). Livestock feed resources, nutritional value and their implication on animal productivity in mixed farming system in Gasera and Ginnir Districts, Bale Zone, Ethiopia. Int. J. Livest. Prod. 8 (2): 12-23.
[5] Shiferaw. A, Puskur. R, Tegegne. A and Hoekstra. D. (2011). Innovation in forage development: Empirical evidence from Alaba Special District, Southern Ethiopia. Development in Practice. 21 (8): 1138-1152.
[6] Cook, B. G.; Pengelly, B. C.; Brown, S. D.; Donnelly, J. L.; Eagles, D. A.; Franco, M. A.; Hanson, J.; Mullen, B. F.; Partridge, I. J.; Peters, M.; Schultze-Kraft, R. (2005). Tropical forages. CSIRO, DPI&F (Qld), CIAT and ILRI, Brisbane, Australia.
[7] February, E. C. and Higgins, S. I. (2010). The distribution of tree and grass roots in savannas in relation to soil nitrogen and water. South African J. of Bot., 76: 517-523.
[8] FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations). 2010. Grassland Index. A searchable catalogue of grass and forage legumes. FAO, Rome, Italy. https://goo.gl/Qsx0gi.
[9] Asmare B. 2016. Evaluation of the agronomic, utilization, nutritive and feeding value of desho grass (Pennisetum pedicellatum). Ph.D. Dissertation. Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia. http://hdl.handle.net/10568/77741.
[10] Abdi hassun (2014). Effect of nitrogen fertilizer application on agronomic traits, biomass yield and nutritive value of cenchrus ciliaris and panicum maximum grown under irrigation at Gode, Somali region. M.Sc. thesis Alemaya University. 41 p.
[11] Endale K (2011). Fertilizer Consumption and Agricultural Productivity in Ethiopia. Ethiopian Development Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[12] Goldsmith W, Silva M, Fischenich C. (2011). Determining optimal degree of soil compaction for balancing mechanical stability and plant growthcapacity. ERDCTN- EMRRP-SR 26.
[13] Girma. C and Gebreyes. G. (2017). Effect of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Growth and Yield of Teff (Eragrostis tef) in the Central Highlands of Ethiopia. Ethiop. J. Agric. Sci. 27 (1) 77-88.
[14] Western Amhara Meteorological Services in Bahir Dar, 2018.
[15] Enujeke, E. C. (2013). Effects of variety and spacing on growth characters of hybrid maize. Retrieved may 25, 2016, from http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/bitstream/198125/2/6-234-ajard-3(5)2013-296-310.
[16] AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists) (1990). Official methods of analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 15th ed. Association of official analytical chemists, Washington Dc.
[17] Van Soest, Robertson and Lewis (1991). Methods for dietary fibber and non starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science. 74: 3583-3597.
[18] Dhumale, D. N. and Mishra, S. N. (1979). Character association between forage yield and its components in oats. Indian J. Agric. Sci., 49 (12): 918-924.
[19] Zaman Q, M N Hussain, A Aziz and K Hayat (2006). Performance of high yielding Oat varieties under Agro-Ecological condition of D. I. Khan. J. Agric. Res. 44: 29-35.
[20] Anwar. M, Akmal. M, Shah. A, Asim. M and rabia gohar (2012). Growth and yield comparison of perennial grasses As rainfed fodder production. Pak. J. Bot., 44 (2): 547-552.
[21] Abbas, G., Khattak, J. Z., Mir, A., Ishaque, M., Hussain, M., Wahedi, H. M., Ahmed, M. S. and Ullah, A. (2012). Effect of organic manures with recommended dose of NPK on the performance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 22 (3): 683-687.
[22] Nigist Bekele (2013). Growth and Yield of Amaranthus hybridus L. subsp. cruentus (L.) Thell. Grown on Fields Treated with Different Levels of Urea and Compost. A Thesis Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia. 64p.
[23] Bilal Qamar. M, Saeed. M and Sarwar. M. (2000). Effect of varying levels of nitrogen and farmyard manure application on tillering and height of mott grass. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology. 2: 1-2.
[24] Priyadarshani N. D. N, Amarasinghe. M. K. T. K, Subasinghe. S, Palihakkara. I. R and Kumarasinghe H. K. M. S. (2013). Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on biomass production, oil yield and quality of vetiver (vetiveria zizanioides l.) Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ruhana, Mapalana, Kamburupitiya, Sri Lanka. The Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 8 (1): 1-8.
[25] Manna. M. C, Swarup. A, Wanjari. R. H, Ravankar, H. N, Mishra. B, Saha. M. N, Singh. Y. V, McDonald, Edwards, J. F. D. Green halgh and C. A. Morgan (2002). Animal Nutrition (6th ed). Long man Group UK Ltd, England. 693 p.
[26] Mulata Kassaye (2015). Influence of farmyard manure and mineral nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on the productivity of bread wheat Gozamin District, in north-western Ethiopia.
[27] Makinde. E. A., 2007. Effects of an Organo-Mineral Fertilizer Application on the Growth and Yield of Maize. Journal of Applied Sciences Research. 3 (10): 1152-1155.
[28] Tilahun Tadesse, Nigussie Dechassa, Wondimu Bayu, Setegn Gebeyehu (2013). Effects of Farmyard Manure and Inorganic Fertilizer Application on Soil Physico-Chemical Properties and Nutrient Balance in Rain-Fed Lowland Rice Ecosystem. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 4 (2): 309-316.
[29] Worku. B, Denbela. H and T/yohanis. B. (2017). Effect of Planting Space and Fertilizer Rate on Productivity of Desho Grass (Pennisetum Pedicellatum) in Jinka Agricultural Research Center, Southern Ethiopia ", International Journal of Research in Agriculture and Forestry. 4 (11): 14-19.
[30] Sodeinde, Asaolu, and Akingbade (2006). Feed utilization and growth performance of wad sheep fed space Imposed and Nitrogen fertilizer Panicum maximum in the derived savanna Zone. Research Journal of Biological Science 1 (1-4) 93-97.
[31] Tessema. Z, Ashagre. A & Solomon. M. (2010). Botanical composition, yield and nutritional quality of grassland in relation to stages of harvesting and fertilizer application in the highlands of Ethiopia, African Journal of Range & Forage Science. 27: 3, 117-124, DOI: 10.2989/10220119.2010.530460.
[32] Akbari P., Ghalavand, A., Modarres Sanavy, A. M. and M. Agha Alikhani (2011). The effect of biofertilizers, nitrogen fertilizer and farmyard manure on grain yield and seed quality of sunflower (Helianthus annus L.). Journal of Agricultural Technonogy. 7 (1): 173-184.
[33] Kizima. JB, Mtengeti. EJ and Nchimbi-Msolla. S. (2014). Seed yield and vegetation characteristics of Cenchrus ciliaris as influenced by fertilizer levels, row spacing, and cutting height and season. Livestock Research for Rural Development Volume 26, Article#148.
[34] Van Soest (1982). Nutritional Ecology of Ruminants. O and B Books, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
[35] Minson (1990). Forage in Ruminant Nutrition. (Academic Press: London).
[36] Norton (1982). Differences between species in forage quality. In: Hacker JB (eds), Nutritional limits to animal production from pastures. Farnham Royal: Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux. pp 89–110.
[37] Alalade J. A., Akinlade, J. A., Muraina, T. O., Salami, S. A., Adebisi, I. A., Adams, T. O., Oseni, T. A and Oladepo, O. (2015). Effect of Manure Application on Herbage Yield, Nutritive Value Panicum maximum. Journal of Natural Sciences Research, 5 (13): 1-6.
[38] Ahmed S. A., Halim, R. A. and Ramlan, M. F. (2012). Evaluation of the Use of Farmyard Manure on a Guinea Grass (Panicum maximum) - Stylo (Stylosanthes guianensis) Mixed Pasture. Pertanika J. Trop. Agric. Sci. 35 (1): 55–65.
[39] Van Saun RJ. (2006). Determining forage quality: understanding feed analysis. Lamalink.com. 3 (8): 18–9.
[40] Meissner, Koster, Nieuwuodt, and Coertze (1991). Effects of energy supplementation on intake and digestion of early and mid season ryegrass and panicum / smuts finger hay, and in sacco Disappearance of various forage species. South African journal of animal Science. 21: 33-42.
[41] McDonald, Edwards, J. F. D. Green halgh and C. A. Morgan (2002). Animal Nutrition (6th ed). Long man Group UK Ltd, England. 693 p.
[42] Ranjhan SK (1993). Animal Nutrition in the Tropics (3rd ed). Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Yibeltal Eniyew, Berhanu Alemu, Shashe Ayele. (2021). Effects of Fertilizer Type and Grass Species on Agronomic Performances and Chemical Composition in Gozamin District, East Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia. American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics, 6(4), 103-110. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajere.20210604.11

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Yibeltal Eniyew; Berhanu Alemu; Shashe Ayele. Effects of Fertilizer Type and Grass Species on Agronomic Performances and Chemical Composition in Gozamin District, East Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia. Am. J. Environ. Resour. Econ. 2021, 6(4), 103-110. doi: 10.11648/j.ajere.20210604.11

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Yibeltal Eniyew, Berhanu Alemu, Shashe Ayele. Effects of Fertilizer Type and Grass Species on Agronomic Performances and Chemical Composition in Gozamin District, East Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia. Am J Environ Resour Econ. 2021;6(4):103-110. doi: 10.11648/j.ajere.20210604.11

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.ajere.20210604.11,
      author = {Yibeltal Eniyew and Berhanu Alemu and Shashe Ayele},
      title = {Effects of Fertilizer Type and Grass Species on Agronomic Performances and Chemical Composition in Gozamin District, East Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia},
      journal = {American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics},
      volume = {6},
      number = {4},
      pages = {103-110},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajere.20210604.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajere.20210604.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajere.20210604.11},
      abstract = {The field experiment was conducted in rainy season to evaluate the effects of fertilizer type and grass species on agronomic performances and nutritive value of grass. The study was conducted 3x4 factorial arrangements with 3 grass species (Buffel, Setaria and Desho) and 4 four fertilizer type (Ft); Ft1 (control), Ft2 (50 kg urea+60 quintal of compost/ha), Ft3 (100 kg urea/ha) and Ft4 (120 quintal of compost/ha) with 3 replications was used. The data were collected agronomic performances such as plant height, number tillers per plant, number leaves per plant, leaf length and dry matter yield (DMY). Chemical analysis was conducted for dry matter (DM %), Ash, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) was quantified. Results indicated that the agronomic performances and dry matter yield were significantly affected by fertilizer types, grass species and their interactions while interactions had no significant (P>0.05) effect on chemical analysis. Only chemical analysis no significantly (P>0.05) affected by grass species was crude protein (CP). However, fertilizer type was significantly (P0.05) effect on DM %. The highest dry matter yield (DMY), crude protein (CP) and Ash content were obtained at received Ft2 (50 kg urea+ 60 quintal of compost/ha, whereas Ft1 (control) lowest in parameter. Higher NDF, ADF and ADL were recorded for unfertilized group. It could be concluded that, combined application of urea and compost showed a positive result on agronomic performance and forage quality. It could be suggested that Desho grass can be cultivated with 50 kg urea+ 60 quintal of compost/ha is important for maximize production with forage quality and sustainability of animal production in Gozamen district.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Effects of Fertilizer Type and Grass Species on Agronomic Performances and Chemical Composition in Gozamin District, East Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia
    AU  - Yibeltal Eniyew
    AU  - Berhanu Alemu
    AU  - Shashe Ayele
    Y1  - 2021/10/12
    PY  - 2021
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajere.20210604.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajere.20210604.11
    T2  - American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics
    JF  - American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics
    JO  - American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics
    SP  - 103
    EP  - 110
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2578-787X
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajere.20210604.11
    AB  - The field experiment was conducted in rainy season to evaluate the effects of fertilizer type and grass species on agronomic performances and nutritive value of grass. The study was conducted 3x4 factorial arrangements with 3 grass species (Buffel, Setaria and Desho) and 4 four fertilizer type (Ft); Ft1 (control), Ft2 (50 kg urea+60 quintal of compost/ha), Ft3 (100 kg urea/ha) and Ft4 (120 quintal of compost/ha) with 3 replications was used. The data were collected agronomic performances such as plant height, number tillers per plant, number leaves per plant, leaf length and dry matter yield (DMY). Chemical analysis was conducted for dry matter (DM %), Ash, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) was quantified. Results indicated that the agronomic performances and dry matter yield were significantly affected by fertilizer types, grass species and their interactions while interactions had no significant (P>0.05) effect on chemical analysis. Only chemical analysis no significantly (P>0.05) affected by grass species was crude protein (CP). However, fertilizer type was significantly (P0.05) effect on DM %. The highest dry matter yield (DMY), crude protein (CP) and Ash content were obtained at received Ft2 (50 kg urea+ 60 quintal of compost/ha, whereas Ft1 (control) lowest in parameter. Higher NDF, ADF and ADL were recorded for unfertilized group. It could be concluded that, combined application of urea and compost showed a positive result on agronomic performance and forage quality. It could be suggested that Desho grass can be cultivated with 50 kg urea+ 60 quintal of compost/ha is important for maximize production with forage quality and sustainability of animal production in Gozamen district.
    VL  - 6
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Werabe University, Werabe, Ethiopia

  • Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia

  • Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia

  • Sections