Relativity theory based on a single transformation law (STL) for 4-vectors and tensors under universal rotation matrix (URM) on a unit circle satisfies principle of relativity, conservation laws and new symmetry valid for v
| Published in | American Journal of Modern Physics (Volume 14, Issue 2) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ajmp.20251402.13 |
| Page(s) | 60-79 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
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Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Unified 4-Vectors and Tensors, Universal Rotation Matrix, Relativity for All velocities, Zero-Point Electrodynamics, Relativistic Conservation Laws
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APA Style
Hussain, N., Hussain, H. A., Qayyum, A., Rao, M. A. S. (2025). Relativity Theory for All Velocities vc Based on Single Transformation Law for 4-Vectors and Tensors. American Journal of Modern Physics, 14(2), 60-79. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmp.20251402.13
ACS Style
Hussain, N.; Hussain, H. A.; Qayyum, A.; Rao, M. A. S. Relativity Theory for All Velocities vc Based on Single Transformation Law for 4-Vectors and Tensors. Am. J. Mod. Phys. 2025, 14(2), 60-79. doi: 10.11648/j.ajmp.20251402.13
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Download@article{10.11648/j.ajmp.20251402.13,
author = {Naveed Hussain and Hassnain Abdullah Hussain and Ather Qayyum and Muhammad Ali Shaukat Rao},
title = {Relativity Theory for All Velocities vc Based on Single Transformation Law for 4-Vectors and Tensors
},
journal = {American Journal of Modern Physics},
volume = {14},
number = {2},
pages = {60-79},
doi = {10.11648/j.ajmp.20251402.13},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmp.20251402.13},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajmp.20251402.13},
abstract = {Relativity theory based on a single transformation law (STL) for 4-vectors and tensors under universal rotation matrix (URM) on a unit circle satisfies principle of relativity, conservation laws and new symmetry valid for vc. This model can be called as relativity theory for all velocities (RTAV). The framework of relativity theory under universal Lorentz transformation matrix (ULTM) on a unit hyperbola gave form invariance of spacetime laws of physics for vc such that spacetime as a whole remains same for all observers. We consider the transformation of electrodynamic laws consisting of electromagnetic field (EMF), Maxwell’s equations (ME) and conservation law in tensor components form. STL under URM gives rise to new symmetry of EMF, ME and conservation law along their diagonals. These terms constitute structure of zero-point electrodynamics (ZPE). Matrix method and Einstein’s summation convention method (ESCM) are employed. Both methods agree up to the transformation of EMF, ME but differ in the transformation of conservation law. Usual electrodynamics remains same for all observers without being affected by ZPE. Conservation law in matrix method holds as usual. In ESCM, zero-point conservation appears as 4D EM wave while conservation law itself becomes 7D EM wave. In quantum theory zero-point energy violates conservation law whereas in our model ZPE is necessary to validate form invariance of spacetime laws and conservation law. This model of relativity is equally valid for noninertial frame.
},
year = {2025}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Relativity Theory for All Velocities vc Based on Single Transformation Law for 4-Vectors and Tensors AU - Naveed Hussain AU - Hassnain Abdullah Hussain AU - Ather Qayyum AU - Muhammad Ali Shaukat Rao Y1 - 2025/04/10 PY - 2025 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmp.20251402.13 DO - 10.11648/j.ajmp.20251402.13 T2 - American Journal of Modern Physics JF - American Journal of Modern Physics JO - American Journal of Modern Physics SP - 60 EP - 79 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2326-8891 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmp.20251402.13 AB - Relativity theory based on a single transformation law (STL) for 4-vectors and tensors under universal rotation matrix (URM) on a unit circle satisfies principle of relativity, conservation laws and new symmetry valid for vc. This model can be called as relativity theory for all velocities (RTAV). The framework of relativity theory under universal Lorentz transformation matrix (ULTM) on a unit hyperbola gave form invariance of spacetime laws of physics for vc such that spacetime as a whole remains same for all observers. We consider the transformation of electrodynamic laws consisting of electromagnetic field (EMF), Maxwell’s equations (ME) and conservation law in tensor components form. STL under URM gives rise to new symmetry of EMF, ME and conservation law along their diagonals. These terms constitute structure of zero-point electrodynamics (ZPE). Matrix method and Einstein’s summation convention method (ESCM) are employed. Both methods agree up to the transformation of EMF, ME but differ in the transformation of conservation law. Usual electrodynamics remains same for all observers without being affected by ZPE. Conservation law in matrix method holds as usual. In ESCM, zero-point conservation appears as 4D EM wave while conservation law itself becomes 7D EM wave. In quantum theory zero-point energy violates conservation law whereas in our model ZPE is necessary to validate form invariance of spacetime laws and conservation law. This model of relativity is equally valid for noninertial frame. VL - 14 IS - 2 ER -
Department of Physics, Punjab College Abdul Hakeem, Multan Division, Pakistan
Institute of Physics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
Department of Mathematics, University of Southern Punjab, Multan, Pakistan
Mechanical Engineering Department, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
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