Paradoxa in the Blueprint of the Visual Organ: Their Contribution to ‘Intelligent’ Vision

Norbert Lauinger

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajop.20200802.12

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Paradoxa in the Blueprint of the Visual Organ: Their Contribution to ‘Intelligent’ Vision

Norbert Lauinger

Published in American Journal of Optics and Photonics (Volume 8, Issue 2)

Received: 30 June 2020 Accepted: 24 July 2020 Published: 13 August 2020

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Abstract

The development of the eyes is a product of the brain; the development of the central visual nerve tract which leads from the eyes to the brain is a product of the eyes and the development of the six extraocular muscles for the oculo-motoric control of the eyes is a further product of the brain. Therefore, the human visual system is a product of the brain and the eyes. Paradoxical constructions are part of the blueprint. These are not self-explanatory and are not immediately recognizable as intelligent solutions. Some of these solutions have been labelled as a ‘malperformance of nature’, others are paradoxically misinterpreted. Some paradoxa are discussed before the grating-optical 'cortical’ information processing in the three nuclear layers of the retina - the ‘brain in the eye’ - are looked at. The paradoxical construction of the visual nerve tract leading via the chiasm of the optic nerves (Chiasma Opticum) to the two CGL (Corpus Geniculatum Laterale) and to V1 (area 17) is based on this. At the same time, the ‘brain in the eye’ becomes the decisive basis of vision and the central visual nerve tract becomes a prominent organ of balance with a sensor and a motor function. Geometric optics and diffractive grating interference Near-field optics play an important part here as do the coordinate systems and the axis-centered symmetry operations.

Published in	American Journal of Optics and Photonics (Volume 8, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajop.20200802.12
Page(s)	40-50
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Human Vision, Inverted Human Retina, Nuclear Layers in the Retina, RGB-Vision in Daylight and Twilight, Monocular Depth Map, Brain in the Eye, The Eye an Organ of Balance

References

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[3]	A. Berke, Augenmuskeln und Augenbewegungen. Optometrie 1/2000, 13-27. PDF im Internet unter „Augenmuskeln“.
[4]	E. Blechschmidt, Die Entwicklungsbewegungen der menschlichen Retina zur Zeit der Irisentstehung. Ophthalmologica, Vol. 154, 1967, pp. 531-550.
[5]	P. P. Ewald, Crystal optics for visible light and x rays. Reviews of Modern Physics, 37 (1), 1965, pp. 46-56.
[6]	V. D. Glezer, Vision and Mind. Modeling Mental Functions. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah New Jersey, 1995.
[7]	J. Haus, N. Lauinger, Optische Gitter: Die Abbildung der Realität-75 Jahre berührungslose dynamische Messtechnik auf der Basis optischer Gitter. Laser Technik Journal, 4: 2007, pp. 43-47.
[8]	M. J. Hogan, J. A. Alvarado, J. E. Weddell, Histology of the Human Eye. W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia-London-Toronto, 1971.
[9]	S. Idrees et al., Wie der ‚Bildstabilisator‘ in unseren Augen funktioniert. https://www.wissenschaft.de/gesundheit-medizin, Universität Tübingen, 28. 04. 2020; dgl. In Nature Communications, doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-15890-w.
[10]	P. L. Kaufmann, A. Alm; Adler’s Physiology of the Eye., Mosby, 10/2003, Section 14, 34-36, pp. 787-858, Extraocular Muscles/Eye Movements.
[11]	N. Lauinger, The two axes of the Human Eye and Inversion of the retinal layers: the basis for the interpretation of the retina as a phase grating optical cellular 3D chip. Journal of Biological Physics 19, 1994, 243-257.
[12]	N. Lauinger, The Human Eye: An Intelligent Optical Sensor (The Inverted Human Retina: A Diffractive-Optical Correlator). IFSA International Frequency Sensor Association Publishing, Barcelona, 2014.
[13]	N. Lauinger, Space grating optical structure of the retina and RGB-color vision. Applied Optics, Vol. 56, No. 4, 2017, 1261-1265.
[14]	N. Lauinger, Fresnel Nearfield Space-Grating Optics in the Human Retina Explains Human Color and Dimlight Vision. S. Y. Yurish Editor, Advances in Optics: Reviews. Book Series, Vo. 1, IFSA Publishing, 2018, pp. 415-435.
[15]	I. Mann, The Development of the Human Eye, 2^nd Edition British Medical Ass. London 1949.
[16]	D. Purves, G. J. Augustine, D. Fitzpatrick, WC. Hall et al. Neuroscience. Sinauer Assoc., 3/2004.
[17]	S. Ramon y Cajal, Recollections of My Life, MIT Press, 1996.
[18]	W. A. H. Rushton, Visual Pigments and Color Blindness. Scientific American, 232, 1975, 64-74.
[19]	A. Schindler, A. Bartels, Verrechnung visueller Wahrnehmung bei Kopfbewegungen, Zeitschrift Augenspiegel für Klinik und Praxis, Forum für Augenärzte, April 2018, p. 6.
[20]	H. Schober, Das Sehen. VEB-Verlag Leipzig, 4/1970.

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APA Style

Norbert Lauinger. (2020). Paradoxa in the Blueprint of the Visual Organ: Their Contribution to ‘Intelligent’ Vision. American Journal of Optics and Photonics, 8(2), 40-50. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajop.20200802.12

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ACS Style

Norbert Lauinger. Paradoxa in the Blueprint of the Visual Organ: Their Contribution to ‘Intelligent’ Vision. Am. J. Opt. Photonics 2020, 8(2), 40-50. doi: 10.11648/j.ajop.20200802.12

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AMA Style

Norbert Lauinger. Paradoxa in the Blueprint of the Visual Organ: Their Contribution to ‘Intelligent’ Vision. Am J Opt Photonics. 2020;8(2):40-50. doi: 10.11648/j.ajop.20200802.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajop.20200802.12,
  author = {Norbert Lauinger},
  title = {Paradoxa in the Blueprint of the Visual Organ: Their Contribution to ‘Intelligent’ Vision},
  journal = {American Journal of Optics and Photonics},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {40-50},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajop.20200802.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajop.20200802.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajop.20200802.12},
  abstract = {The development of the eyes is a product of the brain; the development of the central visual nerve tract which leads from the eyes to the brain is a product of the eyes and the development of the six extraocular muscles for the oculo-motoric control of the eyes is a further product of the brain. Therefore, the human visual system is a product of the brain and the eyes. Paradoxical constructions are part of the blueprint. These are not self-explanatory and are not immediately recognizable as intelligent solutions. Some of these solutions have been labelled as a ‘malperformance of nature’, others are paradoxically misinterpreted. Some paradoxa are discussed before the grating-optical 'cortical’ information processing in the three nuclear layers of the retina - the ‘brain in the eye’ - are looked at. The paradoxical construction of the visual nerve tract leading via the chiasm of the optic nerves (Chiasma Opticum) to the two CGL (Corpus Geniculatum Laterale) and to V1 (area 17) is based on this. At the same time, the ‘brain in the eye’ becomes the decisive basis of vision and the central visual nerve tract becomes a prominent organ of balance with a sensor and a motor function. Geometric optics and diffractive grating interference Near-field optics play an important part here as do the coordinate systems and the axis-centered symmetry operations.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Paradoxa in the Blueprint of the Visual Organ: Their Contribution to ‘Intelligent’ Vision
AU  - Norbert Lauinger
Y1  - 2020/08/13
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N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajop.20200802.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajop.20200802.12
T2  - American Journal of Optics and Photonics
JF  - American Journal of Optics and Photonics
JO  - American Journal of Optics and Photonics
SP  - 40
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PB  - Science Publishing Group
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AB  - The development of the eyes is a product of the brain; the development of the central visual nerve tract which leads from the eyes to the brain is a product of the eyes and the development of the six extraocular muscles for the oculo-motoric control of the eyes is a further product of the brain. Therefore, the human visual system is a product of the brain and the eyes. Paradoxical constructions are part of the blueprint. These are not self-explanatory and are not immediately recognizable as intelligent solutions. Some of these solutions have been labelled as a ‘malperformance of nature’, others are paradoxically misinterpreted. Some paradoxa are discussed before the grating-optical 'cortical’ information processing in the three nuclear layers of the retina - the ‘brain in the eye’ - are looked at. The paradoxical construction of the visual nerve tract leading via the chiasm of the optic nerves (Chiasma Opticum) to the two CGL (Corpus Geniculatum Laterale) and to V1 (area 17) is based on this. At the same time, the ‘brain in the eye’ becomes the decisive basis of vision and the central visual nerve tract becomes a prominent organ of balance with a sensor and a motor function. Geometric optics and diffractive grating interference Near-field optics play an important part here as do the coordinate systems and the axis-centered symmetry operations.
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Norbert Lauinger

Institut Für Optosensorik, Wetzlar, Germany

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Norbert Lauinger. (2020). Paradoxa in the Blueprint of the Visual Organ: Their Contribution to ‘Intelligent’ Vision. American Journal of Optics and Photonics, 8(2), 40-50. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajop.20200802.12

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ACS Style

Norbert Lauinger. Paradoxa in the Blueprint of the Visual Organ: Their Contribution to ‘Intelligent’ Vision. Am. J. Opt. Photonics 2020, 8(2), 40-50. doi: 10.11648/j.ajop.20200802.12

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AMA Style

Norbert Lauinger. Paradoxa in the Blueprint of the Visual Organ: Their Contribution to ‘Intelligent’ Vision. Am J Opt Photonics. 2020;8(2):40-50. doi: 10.11648/j.ajop.20200802.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajop.20200802.12,
  author = {Norbert Lauinger},
  title = {Paradoxa in the Blueprint of the Visual Organ: Their Contribution to ‘Intelligent’ Vision},
  journal = {American Journal of Optics and Photonics},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {40-50},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajop.20200802.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajop.20200802.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajop.20200802.12},
  abstract = {The development of the eyes is a product of the brain; the development of the central visual nerve tract which leads from the eyes to the brain is a product of the eyes and the development of the six extraocular muscles for the oculo-motoric control of the eyes is a further product of the brain. Therefore, the human visual system is a product of the brain and the eyes. Paradoxical constructions are part of the blueprint. These are not self-explanatory and are not immediately recognizable as intelligent solutions. Some of these solutions have been labelled as a ‘malperformance of nature’, others are paradoxically misinterpreted. Some paradoxa are discussed before the grating-optical 'cortical’ information processing in the three nuclear layers of the retina - the ‘brain in the eye’ - are looked at. The paradoxical construction of the visual nerve tract leading via the chiasm of the optic nerves (Chiasma Opticum) to the two CGL (Corpus Geniculatum Laterale) and to V1 (area 17) is based on this. At the same time, the ‘brain in the eye’ becomes the decisive basis of vision and the central visual nerve tract becomes a prominent organ of balance with a sensor and a motor function. Geometric optics and diffractive grating interference Near-field optics play an important part here as do the coordinate systems and the axis-centered symmetry operations.},
 year = {2020}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Paradoxa in the Blueprint of the Visual Organ: Their Contribution to ‘Intelligent’ Vision
AU  - Norbert Lauinger
Y1  - 2020/08/13
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajop.20200802.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajop.20200802.12
T2  - American Journal of Optics and Photonics
JF  - American Journal of Optics and Photonics
JO  - American Journal of Optics and Photonics
SP  - 40
EP  - 50
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8494
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajop.20200802.12
AB  - The development of the eyes is a product of the brain; the development of the central visual nerve tract which leads from the eyes to the brain is a product of the eyes and the development of the six extraocular muscles for the oculo-motoric control of the eyes is a further product of the brain. Therefore, the human visual system is a product of the brain and the eyes. Paradoxical constructions are part of the blueprint. These are not self-explanatory and are not immediately recognizable as intelligent solutions. Some of these solutions have been labelled as a ‘malperformance of nature’, others are paradoxically misinterpreted. Some paradoxa are discussed before the grating-optical 'cortical’ information processing in the three nuclear layers of the retina - the ‘brain in the eye’ - are looked at. The paradoxical construction of the visual nerve tract leading via the chiasm of the optic nerves (Chiasma Opticum) to the two CGL (Corpus Geniculatum Laterale) and to V1 (area 17) is based on this. At the same time, the ‘brain in the eye’ becomes the decisive basis of vision and the central visual nerve tract becomes a prominent organ of balance with a sensor and a motor function. Geometric optics and diffractive grating interference Near-field optics play an important part here as do the coordinate systems and the axis-centered symmetry operations.
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

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