Affordable Walling Materials Used in Low Income Estates of Eldoret, Kisumu and Nakuru Towns in Kenya

Clement Kiprotich Kiptum; Victor Muroki Mwirigi; Ochillo Ochieng Steve

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajset.20200502.11

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Affordable Walling Materials Used in Low Income Estates of Eldoret, Kisumu and Nakuru Towns in Kenya

Clement Kiprotich Kiptum, Victor Muroki Mwirigi, Ochillo Ochieng Steve

Published in American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology (Volume 5, Issue 2)

Received: 7 March 2020 Accepted: 20 March 2020 Published: 14 April 2020

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Abstract

In today’s building industry, availability of cheaper construction materials still remains the primary goal of any developer. In Kenya, bricks, iron sheets, mud and cement/stone blocks are some of the walling materials in use. A newly introduced material which is affordable is Expanded Polystyrene (EPS). This study aimed to evaluate types of walling materials used in low income areas of three major towns of Eldoret, Kisumu and Nakuru in Kenya with a view of determining the awareness levels of EPS. The methodology involved interview questionnaires administered to 77 respondents (landlords and tenants) in poor sub-urban areas of the three towns. The results showed that 56% of respondents lived in brick houses while a 4% lived in stone houses and the remaining 40% lived in houses made of mud or iron sheets. More than 80% of respondents were not comfortable in the houses they were staying and they hoped for improvement. That is why 94.8% were ready to pay more if their current living conditions were improved by their plot owners. The highest awareness of EPS use was in Kisumu (60%), followed by Nakuru (37.5%) and Eldoret at 33.3%. The most expensive rooms were those made of stones at KES. 500,000 while mud walled rooms were the least expensive to construct at KES. 35,000. Future research on relationship between distance to source of walling material and preference is recommended.

Published in	American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology (Volume 5, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajset.20200502.11
Page(s)	56-60
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Bricks, Expanded Polystyrene Awareness, Landlords, Mud, Tenants, Walling

References

[1]	Centre for Affordable Housing Finance in Africa (2019). Assessing Kenya’s affordable Housing Market 1-39.
[2]	Diwakar, V. and A. Shepherd (2018). Understanding Poverty in Kenya. A Multidimensional Analysis report. Chronic Poverty Advisory Network. Overseas Development Institute in London.
[3]	Van Noppen, A. (2012). The ABC’s of Affordable Housing in Kenya.
[4]	Government of Kenya (2007). Kenya Vision 2030 (The Popular Version). Page 23.
[5]	World Bank Group 2017. Kenya Economic Update of April 2017 Edition No. 15. Housing Unavailable and unaffordable.
[6]	Government of Kenya (2010). The Constitution of Kenya. Government Printer, Nairobi.
[7]	(http://www.president.go.ke/). Accessed on 19. June 2019.
[8]	http://architecturekenya.com/much-will-building-cost-construct-kenya/.
[9]	Association of retirement benefit scheme ARBS. 2018.500,000 Affordable House Programsset (http://www.president.go.ke/). Accessed on 19.june 2019.
[10]	Jayanth, M. P., and S. M. Sowmya (2018). Experimental Study on replacement of coarse aggregates by EPS beads in concrete to achieve lightweight concrete. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology. Volume 5 (7): 610-616.
[11]	Lee, J. A., Kelly, H., Rosenfeld, A., Stubee, E., Colaco, J., Gadgil, A., Akbari, H., Norford, L. and H. Van Burik (2006). Affordable, Safe Housing Based on Expanded Polystyrene foam and Cementitious coating. Journal of Material Science. 101007/s1083-006-0223-4.
[12]	Ngugi, H. N., Kaluli, J. W. And Z. A. Gariy (2017). Use of Expanded Polystyrene Technology and Materials Recycling for building Construction in Kenya. American Journal of Engineering and Technology Management. 2 (5): 64-71.
[13]	Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (2019). 2019 Kenya Population Housing and Census. Volume 1: Population by County and Sub County.
[14]	Nyagero, J., Kimani, B. and L. Ikamari (2012). Knowledge, attitude and practices on jigger infestation among household members aged 18 to 60 years: case study of a rural location in Kenya. Pan Afr. Med J. 2012; 13 (Supp 1): 7.
[15]	Lysaght (2017). Roofing and Walling Installation Manual.

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APA Style

Clement Kiprotich Kiptum, Victor Muroki Mwirigi, Ochillo Ochieng Steve. (2020). Affordable Walling Materials Used in Low Income Estates of Eldoret, Kisumu and Nakuru Towns in Kenya. American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology, 5(2), 56-60. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajset.20200502.11

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ACS Style

Clement Kiprotich Kiptum; Victor Muroki Mwirigi; Ochillo Ochieng Steve. Affordable Walling Materials Used in Low Income Estates of Eldoret, Kisumu and Nakuru Towns in Kenya. Am. J. Sci. Eng. Technol. 2020, 5(2), 56-60. doi: 10.11648/j.ajset.20200502.11

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AMA Style

Clement Kiprotich Kiptum, Victor Muroki Mwirigi, Ochillo Ochieng Steve. Affordable Walling Materials Used in Low Income Estates of Eldoret, Kisumu and Nakuru Towns in Kenya. Am J Sci Eng Technol. 2020;5(2):56-60. doi: 10.11648/j.ajset.20200502.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajset.20200502.11,
  author = {Clement Kiprotich Kiptum and Victor Muroki Mwirigi and Ochillo Ochieng Steve},
  title = {Affordable Walling Materials Used in Low Income Estates of Eldoret, Kisumu and Nakuru Towns in Kenya},
  journal = {American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology},
  volume = {5},
  number = {2},
  pages = {56-60},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajset.20200502.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajset.20200502.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajset.20200502.11},
  abstract = {In today’s building industry, availability of cheaper construction materials still remains the primary goal of any developer. In Kenya, bricks, iron sheets, mud and cement/stone blocks are some of the walling materials in use. A newly introduced material which is affordable is Expanded Polystyrene (EPS). This study aimed to evaluate types of walling materials used in low income areas of three major towns of Eldoret, Kisumu and Nakuru in Kenya with a view of determining the awareness levels of EPS. The methodology involved interview questionnaires administered to 77 respondents (landlords and tenants) in poor sub-urban areas of the three towns. The results showed that 56% of respondents lived in brick houses while a 4% lived in stone houses and the remaining 40% lived in houses made of mud or iron sheets. More than 80% of respondents were not comfortable in the houses they were staying and they hoped for improvement. That is why 94.8% were ready to pay more if their current living conditions were improved by their plot owners. The highest awareness of EPS use was in Kisumu (60%), followed by Nakuru (37.5%) and Eldoret at 33.3%. The most expensive rooms were those made of stones at KES. 500,000 while mud walled rooms were the least expensive to construct at KES. 35,000. Future research on relationship between distance to source of walling material and preference is recommended.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Affordable Walling Materials Used in Low Income Estates of Eldoret, Kisumu and Nakuru Towns in Kenya
AU - Clement Kiprotich Kiptum
AU - Victor Muroki Mwirigi
AU - Ochillo Ochieng Steve
Y1 - 2020/04/14
PY - 2020
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajset.20200502.11
DO - 10.11648/j.ajset.20200502.11
T2 - American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology
JF - American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology
JO - American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology
SP - 56
EP - 60
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2578-8353
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajset.20200502.11
AB - In today’s building industry, availability of cheaper construction materials still remains the primary goal of any developer. In Kenya, bricks, iron sheets, mud and cement/stone blocks are some of the walling materials in use. A newly introduced material which is affordable is Expanded Polystyrene (EPS). This study aimed to evaluate types of walling materials used in low income areas of three major towns of Eldoret, Kisumu and Nakuru in Kenya with a view of determining the awareness levels of EPS. The methodology involved interview questionnaires administered to 77 respondents (landlords and tenants) in poor sub-urban areas of the three towns. The results showed that 56% of respondents lived in brick houses while a 4% lived in stone houses and the remaining 40% lived in houses made of mud or iron sheets. More than 80% of respondents were not comfortable in the houses they were staying and they hoped for improvement. That is why 94.8% were ready to pay more if their current living conditions were improved by their plot owners. The highest awareness of EPS use was in Kisumu (60%), followed by Nakuru (37.5%) and Eldoret at 33.3%. The most expensive rooms were those made of stones at KES. 500,000 while mud walled rooms were the least expensive to construct at KES. 35,000. Future research on relationship between distance to source of walling material and preference is recommended.
VL - 5
IS - 2
ER -

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Author Information

Clement Kiprotich Kiptum

Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Eldoret, Eldoret, Kenya
Victor Muroki Mwirigi

Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Eldoret, Eldoret, Kenya
Ochillo Ochieng Steve

Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Eldoret, Eldoret, Kenya

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APA Style

Clement Kiprotich Kiptum, Victor Muroki Mwirigi, Ochillo Ochieng Steve. (2020). Affordable Walling Materials Used in Low Income Estates of Eldoret, Kisumu and Nakuru Towns in Kenya. American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology, 5(2), 56-60. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajset.20200502.11

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ACS Style

Clement Kiprotich Kiptum; Victor Muroki Mwirigi; Ochillo Ochieng Steve. Affordable Walling Materials Used in Low Income Estates of Eldoret, Kisumu and Nakuru Towns in Kenya. Am. J. Sci. Eng. Technol. 2020, 5(2), 56-60. doi: 10.11648/j.ajset.20200502.11

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AMA Style

Clement Kiprotich Kiptum, Victor Muroki Mwirigi, Ochillo Ochieng Steve. Affordable Walling Materials Used in Low Income Estates of Eldoret, Kisumu and Nakuru Towns in Kenya. Am J Sci Eng Technol. 2020;5(2):56-60. doi: 10.11648/j.ajset.20200502.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajset.20200502.11,
  author = {Clement Kiprotich Kiptum and Victor Muroki Mwirigi and Ochillo Ochieng Steve},
  title = {Affordable Walling Materials Used in Low Income Estates of Eldoret, Kisumu and Nakuru Towns in Kenya},
  journal = {American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology},
  volume = {5},
  number = {2},
  pages = {56-60},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajset.20200502.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajset.20200502.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajset.20200502.11},
  abstract = {In today’s building industry, availability of cheaper construction materials still remains the primary goal of any developer. In Kenya, bricks, iron sheets, mud and cement/stone blocks are some of the walling materials in use. A newly introduced material which is affordable is Expanded Polystyrene (EPS). This study aimed to evaluate types of walling materials used in low income areas of three major towns of Eldoret, Kisumu and Nakuru in Kenya with a view of determining the awareness levels of EPS. The methodology involved interview questionnaires administered to 77 respondents (landlords and tenants) in poor sub-urban areas of the three towns. The results showed that 56% of respondents lived in brick houses while a 4% lived in stone houses and the remaining 40% lived in houses made of mud or iron sheets. More than 80% of respondents were not comfortable in the houses they were staying and they hoped for improvement. That is why 94.8% were ready to pay more if their current living conditions were improved by their plot owners. The highest awareness of EPS use was in Kisumu (60%), followed by Nakuru (37.5%) and Eldoret at 33.3%. The most expensive rooms were those made of stones at KES. 500,000 while mud walled rooms were the least expensive to construct at KES. 35,000. Future research on relationship between distance to source of walling material and preference is recommended.},
 year = {2020}
}

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