@article{10.11648/j.ijcems.20230904.12,
  author = {Mekonen Adisu and Stephen Amankwah and Rahel Tamrat and Yared Alemu and Tadele Akeba and Mulualem Tadesse},
  title = {Colonization and Associated Risk Factors of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Among People Living with HIV at Jimma Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia},
  journal = {International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences},
  volume = {9},
  number = {4},
  pages = {65-74},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijcems.20230904.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcems.20230904.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijcems.20230904.12},
  abstract = {Nasal colonization of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a potential source of spread and a prerequisite for staphylococcal infections. MRSA colonization, which causes infection in people living with HIV (PLWHIV), could lead to a longer hospital stay, increased medical costs, and prolonged antibiotic administration. This study aims to determine the nasal colonization rate, associated risk factors, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of MRSA among PLWHIV at Jimma University Medical Center (JUMC), Southwest Ethiopia. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among PLWHIV at JUMC from July to October 2021. Data on associated risk factors were collected by using a structured questionnaire and by reviewing patients’ medical records. Nasal swabs were cultured on mannitol salt agar and S. aureus was identified by the standard bacteriological procedures. S. aureus isolates were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility tests by the modified Kirby- Bauer disc diffusion method and resistance to the cefoxitin (30µg) disk signified MRSA. Binary and multivariable logistic regressions were employed to identify factors associated with MRSA nasal colonization, and a p-value S. aureus and 6.0% (21/351) for MRSA. Hospitalization in the previous six months, 27.35 (95% CI: 4.042-185.08; p = 0.001), a viral load greater than 1000 copies/mL, 24.44 (95% CI: 1.885-317.12; p = 0.014) and rural residence, 9.49 (95% CI: 1.404-64.19; p = 0.021), were associated with increased odds of MRSA nasal colonization. Among the total MRSA isolates, 81.2% were multidrug resistant with the highest resistance rate against Erythromycin (85.8%), followed by Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (66.6%), and Clindamycin (66.6%). Only 23.7% of MRSA isolates were resistant to Chloramphenicol and Gentamicin. A relatively low rate of MRSA nasal colonization was documented among PLWHIV. The majority of the MRSA isolates were, however, multidrug-resistant, which calls for regular screening of PLWHIV during their follow-up periods for the control and prevention of MRSA.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Colonization and Associated Risk Factors of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Among People Living with HIV at Jimma Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia
AU  - Mekonen Adisu
AU  - Stephen Amankwah
AU  - Rahel Tamrat
AU  - Yared Alemu
AU  - Tadele Akeba
AU  - Mulualem Tadesse
Y1  - 2023/08/05
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcems.20230904.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijcems.20230904.12
T2  - International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences
JO  - International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences
SP  - 65
EP  - 74
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2469-8032
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcems.20230904.12
AB  - Nasal colonization of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a potential source of spread and a prerequisite for staphylococcal infections. MRSA colonization, which causes infection in people living with HIV (PLWHIV), could lead to a longer hospital stay, increased medical costs, and prolonged antibiotic administration. This study aims to determine the nasal colonization rate, associated risk factors, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of MRSA among PLWHIV at Jimma University Medical Center (JUMC), Southwest Ethiopia. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among PLWHIV at JUMC from July to October 2021. Data on associated risk factors were collected by using a structured questionnaire and by reviewing patients’ medical records. Nasal swabs were cultured on mannitol salt agar and S. aureus was identified by the standard bacteriological procedures. S. aureus isolates were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility tests by the modified Kirby- Bauer disc diffusion method and resistance to the cefoxitin (30µg) disk signified MRSA. Binary and multivariable logistic regressions were employed to identify factors associated with MRSA nasal colonization, and a p-value S. aureus and 6.0% (21/351) for MRSA. Hospitalization in the previous six months, 27.35 (95% CI: 4.042-185.08; p = 0.001), a viral load greater than 1000 copies/mL, 24.44 (95% CI: 1.885-317.12; p = 0.014) and rural residence, 9.49 (95% CI: 1.404-64.19; p = 0.021), were associated with increased odds of MRSA nasal colonization. Among the total MRSA isolates, 81.2% were multidrug resistant with the highest resistance rate against Erythromycin (85.8%), followed by Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (66.6%), and Clindamycin (66.6%). Only 23.7% of MRSA isolates were resistant to Chloramphenicol and Gentamicin. A relatively low rate of MRSA nasal colonization was documented among PLWHIV. The majority of the MRSA isolates were, however, multidrug-resistant, which calls for regular screening of PLWHIV during their follow-up periods for the control and prevention of MRSA.
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
ER  - 

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