Petrography and Geochemical Features of the Coastal Plain Sands Facies (Benin Formation) Around Nekede and Azara Egbelu Areas, Niger Delta Basin Southeast Nigeria

Julius Bajabu Kwache; Izu Mike Akaegbobi; Razak Gboyega Olademeji; Justin Anumnu

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170206.11

| Peer-Reviewed

Petrography and Geochemical Features of the Coastal Plain Sands Facies (Benin Formation) Around Nekede and Azara Egbelu Areas, Niger Delta Basin Southeast Nigeria

Julius Bajabu Kwache, Izu Mike Akaegbobi, Razak Gboyega Olademeji, Justin Anumnu

Published in International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy (Volume 2, Issue 6)

Received: 29 June 2017 Accepted: 27 July 2017 Published: 5 November 2017

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

The Coastal Plain Sands Facies (Benin Formation) of the Niger Delta Basin consists of 99.8% thick accumulation of massive, loose, friable sandstone and 0.2% mud rock. It also consists of pebble imbrications and conglomeratic horizons. Petrographic studies revealed quartz as the dominant mineral (97%) which places the sandstone as quartz arenite. Other minerals include feldspar, limonite, zircon, opaque and minor clay matrix consisting 3%. Geochemical results shows high concentration of Silica (SiO₂) and Aluminum (Al₂O₃) in the sandstone which makes it mineralogical matured. Heavy minerals include Hematite (Fe₂O₃) and Zircon (Zr) while rare earth elements include La, Ce, Nd, Gd and Tb. Trace elements are Cu, Pb, Zn, Ag, Sr, V and Nb which has pronounced enrichment in clay than the sandstones. The color variation of white, yellow and pink are indicative of fully aerated environment and has no effect on the geochemistry of the sandstones.

Published in	International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy (Volume 2, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170206.11
Page(s)	87-91
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Nekede, Azara Egbelu, Benin, Sandstone, Mud Rock, Arenite, Aerated

References

[1]	L. C. Amajor and O. D. Ngerebara Significance of compositional and textural properties of sands form western Andoni beach and flanking rivers (Andoni and Imo) eastern Niger delta, Nigeria. Journal of mining and geology, vol 26, No 2, 1990.
[2]	Shell D’Arcy Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria Limited (1938).
[3]	R. A. Reyment. Aspects of Geology of Nigeria, Ibadan University Press, Nigeria. 1965 145p.
[4]	K. C. Short and A. J. Stauble. Outline of the Geology of the Niger Delta: Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologist, vol 51pp 764 – 779.1967.
[5]	A. C. Onyeagocha Petrography and Depositional Environment of the Benin Formation, Nigerian Journ. Mill. Geo!. 17, 147-15 I. 1980.
[6]	S. F. Ananaba N. N. Onu and C. J. Iwuagwu. Geophysical study of the gravel Deposit in Ihiagwa, Owerri. Nigeria Jour. Min. Geol. 29, (4), 93-100. (1993).
[7]	K. M. Ibe (Sr), A. O. Sowa and O. C. Osondu. Environmental Contamination and Other Anthropogene Impacts on Otamiri and Nwaore Rivers, Owerri, Nigeria. journal of mining and geology vol. 28 no. i 1992.
[8]	O. C. Freeborn. Geoelectric Investigations for Groundwater in Aniocha South Local Government area of Delta State. Global Journal of Geological Sciences, Vol 4, No.2 2006.
[9]	C. S. Nwajide. Petrology and Paleogeography of the Makurdi Formation, Benue Trough. PhD Thesis submitted to the Department of Geology in the Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. P 1982 Unpublished.
[10]	C. S. Nwajide. Training course on sedimentological techniques organized by the Nigerian Geological Survey Agency, Abuja. Unpublished 2008.
[11]	C. S Nwajide. J, F. Ogala, I. M. Akaegbobi and E. O. Adaikpoh. Sedimentologic Characteristics of the Maastrichtian Fluvio-Marine Sandstones Facies of the Anambra Basin. African Scientist, Vol 6, Vol 31 2005.
[12]	A. A Edward. Chemostratigraphy study of Radioactive Reservoir in Part of Niger Delta, Nigeria. MSc project submitted to the Department of Geology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria. 2006.
[13]	J, F. Ogala, I. M. Akaegbobi and E. O. Adaikpoh. Sedimentologic Characteristics of the Maastrichtian Fluvio-Marine Sandstones Facies of the Anambra Basin. African Scientist, Vol 6, Vol 31 2005.
[14]	R. L. Folk, Geophysical study of the gravel Deposit in Ihiagwa, Owerri. Nigeria Jour. Min. Geol. 29, (4), 93-100.1974).
[15]	G. H. Mack and L. J. Suttner.. Paleoclimatic interpretation from a petrogcomparism of Holocene sands and the fountain of (Pennyslyvanian) the Colorado Front Range. Journ. Sed. Petrol., 47, p. 89 - 100. 1977).

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Julius Bajabu Kwache, Izu Mike Akaegbobi, Razak Gboyega Olademeji, Justin Anumnu. (2017). Petrography and Geochemical Features of the Coastal Plain Sands Facies (Benin Formation) Around Nekede and Azara Egbelu Areas, Niger Delta Basin Southeast Nigeria. International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy, 2(6), 87-91. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170206.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Julius Bajabu Kwache; Izu Mike Akaegbobi; Razak Gboyega Olademeji; Justin Anumnu. Petrography and Geochemical Features of the Coastal Plain Sands Facies (Benin Formation) Around Nekede and Azara Egbelu Areas, Niger Delta Basin Southeast Nigeria. Int. J. Miner. Process. Extr. Metall. 2017, 2(6), 87-91. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170206.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Julius Bajabu Kwache, Izu Mike Akaegbobi, Razak Gboyega Olademeji, Justin Anumnu. Petrography and Geochemical Features of the Coastal Plain Sands Facies (Benin Formation) Around Nekede and Azara Egbelu Areas, Niger Delta Basin Southeast Nigeria. Int J Miner Process Extr Metall. 2017;2(6):87-91. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170206.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170206.11,
  author = {Julius Bajabu Kwache and Izu Mike Akaegbobi and Razak Gboyega Olademeji and Justin Anumnu},
  title = {Petrography and Geochemical Features of the Coastal Plain Sands Facies (Benin Formation) Around Nekede and Azara Egbelu Areas, Niger Delta Basin Southeast Nigeria},
  journal = {International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy},
  volume = {2},
  number = {6},
  pages = {87-91},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170206.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170206.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmpem.20170206.11},
  abstract = {The Coastal Plain Sands Facies (Benin Formation) of the Niger Delta Basin consists of 99.8% thick accumulation of massive, loose, friable sandstone and 0.2% mud rock. It also consists of pebble imbrications and conglomeratic horizons. Petrographic studies revealed quartz as the dominant mineral (97%) which places the sandstone as quartz arenite. Other minerals include feldspar, limonite, zircon, opaque and minor clay matrix consisting 3%. Geochemical results shows high concentration of Silica (SiO2) and Aluminum (Al2O3) in the sandstone which makes it mineralogical matured. Heavy minerals include Hematite (Fe2O3) and Zircon (Zr) while rare earth elements include La, Ce, Nd, Gd and Tb. Trace elements are Cu, Pb, Zn, Ag, Sr, V and Nb which has pronounced enrichment in clay than the sandstones. The color variation of white, yellow and pink are indicative of fully aerated environment and has no effect on the geochemistry of the sandstones.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Petrography and Geochemical Features of the Coastal Plain Sands Facies (Benin Formation) Around Nekede and Azara Egbelu Areas, Niger Delta Basin Southeast Nigeria
AU  - Julius Bajabu Kwache
AU  - Izu Mike Akaegbobi
AU  - Razak Gboyega Olademeji
AU  - Justin Anumnu
Y1  - 2017/11/05
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170206.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170206.11
T2  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
JF  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
JO  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
SP  - 87
EP  - 91
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1859
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170206.11
AB  - The Coastal Plain Sands Facies (Benin Formation) of the Niger Delta Basin consists of 99.8% thick accumulation of massive, loose, friable sandstone and 0.2% mud rock. It also consists of pebble imbrications and conglomeratic horizons. Petrographic studies revealed quartz as the dominant mineral (97%) which places the sandstone as quartz arenite. Other minerals include feldspar, limonite, zircon, opaque and minor clay matrix consisting 3%. Geochemical results shows high concentration of Silica (SiO2) and Aluminum (Al2O3) in the sandstone which makes it mineralogical matured. Heavy minerals include Hematite (Fe2O3) and Zircon (Zr) while rare earth elements include La, Ce, Nd, Gd and Tb. Trace elements are Cu, Pb, Zn, Ag, Sr, V and Nb which has pronounced enrichment in clay than the sandstones. The color variation of white, yellow and pink are indicative of fully aerated environment and has no effect on the geochemistry of the sandstones.
VL  - 2
IS  - 6
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Julius Bajabu Kwache

Department of Regional Geology, Nigerian Geological Survey Agency, Adamawa State Office, Yola, Nigeria
Izu Mike Akaegbobi

Department of Geology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Razak Gboyega Olademeji

Department of Regional Geology, Nigerian Geological Survey Agency, Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria
Justin Anumnu

Department of Regional Geology, Nigerian Geological Survey Agency, Enugu, Nigeria

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Julius Bajabu Kwache, Izu Mike Akaegbobi, Razak Gboyega Olademeji, Justin Anumnu. (2017). Petrography and Geochemical Features of the Coastal Plain Sands Facies (Benin Formation) Around Nekede and Azara Egbelu Areas, Niger Delta Basin Southeast Nigeria. International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy, 2(6), 87-91. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170206.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Julius Bajabu Kwache; Izu Mike Akaegbobi; Razak Gboyega Olademeji; Justin Anumnu. Petrography and Geochemical Features of the Coastal Plain Sands Facies (Benin Formation) Around Nekede and Azara Egbelu Areas, Niger Delta Basin Southeast Nigeria. Int. J. Miner. Process. Extr. Metall. 2017, 2(6), 87-91. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170206.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Julius Bajabu Kwache, Izu Mike Akaegbobi, Razak Gboyega Olademeji, Justin Anumnu. Petrography and Geochemical Features of the Coastal Plain Sands Facies (Benin Formation) Around Nekede and Azara Egbelu Areas, Niger Delta Basin Southeast Nigeria. Int J Miner Process Extr Metall. 2017;2(6):87-91. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170206.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170206.11,
  author = {Julius Bajabu Kwache and Izu Mike Akaegbobi and Razak Gboyega Olademeji and Justin Anumnu},
  title = {Petrography and Geochemical Features of the Coastal Plain Sands Facies (Benin Formation) Around Nekede and Azara Egbelu Areas, Niger Delta Basin Southeast Nigeria},
  journal = {International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy},
  volume = {2},
  number = {6},
  pages = {87-91},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170206.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170206.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmpem.20170206.11},
  abstract = {The Coastal Plain Sands Facies (Benin Formation) of the Niger Delta Basin consists of 99.8% thick accumulation of massive, loose, friable sandstone and 0.2% mud rock. It also consists of pebble imbrications and conglomeratic horizons. Petrographic studies revealed quartz as the dominant mineral (97%) which places the sandstone as quartz arenite. Other minerals include feldspar, limonite, zircon, opaque and minor clay matrix consisting 3%. Geochemical results shows high concentration of Silica (SiO2) and Aluminum (Al2O3) in the sandstone which makes it mineralogical matured. Heavy minerals include Hematite (Fe2O3) and Zircon (Zr) while rare earth elements include La, Ce, Nd, Gd and Tb. Trace elements are Cu, Pb, Zn, Ag, Sr, V and Nb which has pronounced enrichment in clay than the sandstones. The color variation of white, yellow and pink are indicative of fully aerated environment and has no effect on the geochemistry of the sandstones.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Petrography and Geochemical Features of the Coastal Plain Sands Facies (Benin Formation) Around Nekede and Azara Egbelu Areas, Niger Delta Basin Southeast Nigeria
AU  - Julius Bajabu Kwache
AU  - Izu Mike Akaegbobi
AU  - Razak Gboyega Olademeji
AU  - Justin Anumnu
Y1  - 2017/11/05
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170206.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170206.11
T2  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
JF  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
JO  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
SP  - 87
EP  - 91
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1859
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170206.11
AB  - The Coastal Plain Sands Facies (Benin Formation) of the Niger Delta Basin consists of 99.8% thick accumulation of massive, loose, friable sandstone and 0.2% mud rock. It also consists of pebble imbrications and conglomeratic horizons. Petrographic studies revealed quartz as the dominant mineral (97%) which places the sandstone as quartz arenite. Other minerals include feldspar, limonite, zircon, opaque and minor clay matrix consisting 3%. Geochemical results shows high concentration of Silica (SiO2) and Aluminum (Al2O3) in the sandstone which makes it mineralogical matured. Heavy minerals include Hematite (Fe2O3) and Zircon (Zr) while rare earth elements include La, Ce, Nd, Gd and Tb. Trace elements are Cu, Pb, Zn, Ag, Sr, V and Nb which has pronounced enrichment in clay than the sandstones. The color variation of white, yellow and pink are indicative of fully aerated environment and has no effect on the geochemistry of the sandstones.
VL  - 2
IS  - 6
ER  -

Copy | Download