Microstructure Analysis and Numerical Simulation of Laser Welded Dissimilar Ti Alloy-SS Joint Using V Interlayer

Yuqiang Liu; Yan Zhang; Daqian Sun; Xiaoyan Gu; Hongmei Li

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijmpem.20220703.11

| Peer-Reviewed

Microstructure Analysis and Numerical Simulation of Laser Welded Dissimilar Ti Alloy-SS Joint Using V Interlayer

Yuqiang Liu, Yan Zhang, Daqian Sun, Xiaoyan Gu, Hongmei Li

Published in International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy (Volume 7, Issue 3)

Received: 17 April 2022 Accepted: 24 June 2022 Published: 20 July 2022

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Pulsed laser welding of TC4 Titanium (Ti) alloy to SUS301L stainless steel (SS) was applied with pure V employed as an interlayer. Microstructures of the joints were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Mechanical properties of the joints were evaluated by performing tensile tests. The two pass welding was employed, and two welding zones were formed. The unmelted V interlayer served as a barrier to mixing of the two base materials in the welding. In the meantime, the unmelted V served as a diffusion barrier between Ti and Fe avoiding formation of the Ti-Fe intermetallics. The temperature field and stress field distributed in laser welding based on Ti alloy-V-SS joint were dynamically simulated using the COMSOL in this study. Given the characteristics of laser welding, a Gauss body heat source was employed in the study to model the laser welding of joint by studying the temperature relativity of the thermal physical parameters of material, as well as the latent heat of fusion. By comparing the simulation results with the corresponding experimental findings, the validity of the numerical model is confirmed.

Published in	International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy (Volume 7, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijmpem.20220703.11
Page(s)	65-74
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Two Pass Welding, V Interlayer, Microstructure, Numerical Simulation, Temperature Field, Stress Field

References

[1]	Gao M, Mei S. W, Wang Z. M, Li X. Y, and Zeng X. Y. Characterisation of laser welded dissimilar Ti/steel joint using Mg interlayer. Sci. Technol. Weld. Join 2012; 17: 269-76.
[2]	Shuhai C, Mingxin Z, Jihua H. Microstructures and mechanical property of laser butt welding of titanium alloy to stainless steel. Mater Des 2014; 53: 504-11.
[3]	Kundu S, Ghosh M, Laik A, Bhanumuthy K, Kale G. B, and Chatterjee S. Diffusion bonding of commercially pure titanium to 304 stainless steel using copper interlayer. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 2005; 407: 154-60.
[4]	Wei L, Lei Y, Sreekar K, Frank L, Joseph N, Karen M, Brown T, William J. Seufzer. Ti-Fe intermetallics analysis and control in joining titanium alloy and stainless steel by Laser Metal Deposition. J Mater Process Tech 2017; 242: 39-48.
[5]	Ishida K, Gao Y, Nagatsuka K, Takahashi M, Nakata K. Microstructures and mechanical properties of friction stir welded lap joints of commercially pure titanium and 304 stainless steel. J. Alloys Compd 2015; 630: 172-77.
[6]	Kundu S, Chatterjee S. Characterization of diffusion bonded joint between titanium and 304 stainless steel using a Ni interlayer. Mat Charact. 2008; 59: 631-637.
[7]	Ghosh M, Chatterjee S, Effect of interface microstructure on the bond strength of the diffusion welded joints between titanium and stainless steel, Mater Charact 2005; 54: 327-37.
[8]	Lee M, Park J, Lee J, Rhee C, Phase-dependent corrosion of titanium-to-stainless steel joints brazed by Ag-Cu eutectic alloy filler and Ag interlayer. J. Nucl. Mater 2013; 439: 168-73.
[9]	Zhang Y, Sun D. Q, Gu X. Y, Liu Y. J. Nd/YAG pulsed laser welding of TC4 titanium alloy to 301L stainless steel via pure copper interlayer. Int J Adv Manuf Technol. 2017; 90: 953-61.
[10]	Zhang Y, Sun D. Q, Gu X. Y, HongMei L. A hybrid joint based on two kinds of bonding mechanisms for Titanium alloy and stainless steel by pulsed laser welding. Materials Letters. 2016; 185: 152-5.
[11]	H. Okamoto, J. Phase. Equilib. 1993; 14: 266-7.
[12]	H. Okamoto, J. Phase. Equilib. 2006; 27: 542-3.
[13]	Qiaoling C, Min Z, Jihong L, Cheng Y, Zhanling Q. Influence of vanadium filler on the properties of titanium and steel TIG welded joints. J Mater Process Tech 2017; 240: 293-304.
[14]	Lee J. G, Kim G. H, Lee M. K, Rhee C. K. Intermetallic formation in a Ti-Cu dissimilar joint brazed using a Zr-based amorphous alloy filler. Intermetallics. 2010; 18: 529-35.
[15]	Tomashchuk I, Grevey D, Sallamand P. Dissimilar laser welding of AISI 316L stainless steel to Ti6-Al4-6V alloy via vanadium interlayer. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 2015; 622: 37-45.
[16]	Chen W, Paul A, Pal M. CO₂ laser welding of galvanized steel sheets using vent holes. Mater Des 2009; 30: 245-51.
[17]	Amit K, Duck Y, Darek C. Correlation analysis of the variation of weld seam and tensile strength in laser welding of galvanized steel. Opt Laser Eng 2013; 51: 1143-52.
[18]	Karkhin V. A, Khomich P. N, Ossenbrink R, Mikhailov V. G. Calculation-experimental method for the determination of the temperature field in laser welding. Welding International 2007; 21: 387-90.
[19]	Jiamin S, Xiaozhan L, Yangang T, Dean D. A comparative study on welding temperature fields, residual stress distributions and deformations induced by laser beam welding and CO₂ gas arc welding. Mater Des 2014; 63: 519-30.
[20]	Muhammad Z, Daniel N, Jullien J, Dominique D. Experimental investigation and finite element simulation of laser beam welding induced residual stresses and distortions in thin sheets of AA 6056-T4. Mater Sci Eng A 2010; 527: 3025-39.
[21]	Xiaoyu L, Lijun W, Lijun Y, Jinfeng W, Kang L. Modeling of temperature field and pool formation during linear laser welding of DP1000 steel. J Mater Process Tech 214 (2014) 1844-51.
[22]	Karin H, Steffen K, Friedhelm D, Peter B, Thomas Graf. Analytical description of the surface temperature for the characterization of laser welding processes. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 106 (2017) 958-969.
[23]	Han G, Zhao J, Li J. Dynamic simulation of the temperature field of stainless steel laser welding. Mater Des 2007; 28: 240-45.
[24]	Deng D, Zhou Y, Bi T, Liu X. Experimental and numerical investigations of welding distortion induced by CO₂ gas arc welding in thin-plate bead-on joints. Mater Des 2013; 52: 720-9.
[25]	Ustinovshikov Y, Pushkarev B, Sapegina I. Phase transformations in alloys of the Fe-V system. J. Alloys Compd 2005; 398: 133-38.
[26]	HwaTeng L, ChunTe C, JiaLin W. Numerical and experimental investigation into effect of temperature field on sensitization of Alloy 690 butt welds fabricated by gas tungsten arc welding and laser beam welding. J Mater Process Tech 2010; 210: 1636-45.
[27]	Yilbas B. S, Arif A. F. M, AbdulAleem B. J. Laser welding of low carbon steel and thermal stress analysis. Optics Laser Technology 2010; 42: 760-68.
[28]	Dean D, Shoichi K. Numerical simulation of welding temperature field, residual stress and deformation induced by electro slag welding. Computational Materials Science 2012; 62: 23-34.
[29]	Nezamdost M. R, Nekouie Esfahani M. R, Hashemi S. H, Mirbozorgi S. A. Investigation of temperature and residual stresses field of submerged arc welding by finite element method and experiments. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 2016; 87: 615-24.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Yuqiang Liu, Yan Zhang, Daqian Sun, Xiaoyan Gu, Hongmei Li. (2022). Microstructure Analysis and Numerical Simulation of Laser Welded Dissimilar Ti Alloy-SS Joint Using V Interlayer. International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy, 7(3), 65-74. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20220703.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Yuqiang Liu; Yan Zhang; Daqian Sun; Xiaoyan Gu; Hongmei Li. Microstructure Analysis and Numerical Simulation of Laser Welded Dissimilar Ti Alloy-SS Joint Using V Interlayer. Int. J. Miner. Process. Extr. Metall. 2022, 7(3), 65-74. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20220703.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Yuqiang Liu, Yan Zhang, Daqian Sun, Xiaoyan Gu, Hongmei Li. Microstructure Analysis and Numerical Simulation of Laser Welded Dissimilar Ti Alloy-SS Joint Using V Interlayer. Int J Miner Process Extr Metall. 2022;7(3):65-74. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20220703.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijmpem.20220703.11,
  author = {Yuqiang Liu and Yan Zhang and Daqian Sun and Xiaoyan Gu and Hongmei Li},
  title = {Microstructure Analysis and Numerical Simulation of Laser Welded Dissimilar Ti Alloy-SS Joint Using V Interlayer},
  journal = {International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy},
  volume = {7},
  number = {3},
  pages = {65-74},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijmpem.20220703.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20220703.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmpem.20220703.11},
  abstract = {Pulsed laser welding of TC4 Titanium (Ti) alloy to SUS301L stainless steel (SS) was applied with pure V employed as an interlayer. Microstructures of the joints were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Mechanical properties of the joints were evaluated by performing tensile tests. The two pass welding was employed, and two welding zones were formed. The unmelted V interlayer served as a barrier to mixing of the two base materials in the welding. In the meantime, the unmelted V served as a diffusion barrier between Ti and Fe avoiding formation of the Ti-Fe intermetallics. The temperature field and stress field distributed in laser welding based on Ti alloy-V-SS joint were dynamically simulated using the COMSOL in this study. Given the characteristics of laser welding, a Gauss body heat source was employed in the study to model the laser welding of joint by studying the temperature relativity of the thermal physical parameters of material, as well as the latent heat of fusion. By comparing the simulation results with the corresponding experimental findings, the validity of the numerical model is confirmed.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Microstructure Analysis and Numerical Simulation of Laser Welded Dissimilar Ti Alloy-SS Joint Using V Interlayer
AU  - Yuqiang Liu
AU  - Yan Zhang
AU  - Daqian Sun
AU  - Xiaoyan Gu
AU  - Hongmei Li
Y1  - 2022/07/20
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20220703.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20220703.11
T2  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
JF  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
JO  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
SP  - 65
EP  - 74
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1859
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20220703.11
AB  - Pulsed laser welding of TC4 Titanium (Ti) alloy to SUS301L stainless steel (SS) was applied with pure V employed as an interlayer. Microstructures of the joints were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Mechanical properties of the joints were evaluated by performing tensile tests. The two pass welding was employed, and two welding zones were formed. The unmelted V interlayer served as a barrier to mixing of the two base materials in the welding. In the meantime, the unmelted V served as a diffusion barrier between Ti and Fe avoiding formation of the Ti-Fe intermetallics. The temperature field and stress field distributed in laser welding based on Ti alloy-V-SS joint were dynamically simulated using the COMSOL in this study. Given the characteristics of laser welding, a Gauss body heat source was employed in the study to model the laser welding of joint by studying the temperature relativity of the thermal physical parameters of material, as well as the latent heat of fusion. By comparing the simulation results with the corresponding experimental findings, the validity of the numerical model is confirmed.
VL  - 7
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Yuqiang Liu

School of Mechanical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Wulumuqi, China
Yan Zhang

School of Mechanical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Wulumuqi, China
Daqian Sun

Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
Xiaoyan Gu

Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
Hongmei Li

Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Yuqiang Liu, Yan Zhang, Daqian Sun, Xiaoyan Gu, Hongmei Li. (2022). Microstructure Analysis and Numerical Simulation of Laser Welded Dissimilar Ti Alloy-SS Joint Using V Interlayer. International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy, 7(3), 65-74. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20220703.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Yuqiang Liu; Yan Zhang; Daqian Sun; Xiaoyan Gu; Hongmei Li. Microstructure Analysis and Numerical Simulation of Laser Welded Dissimilar Ti Alloy-SS Joint Using V Interlayer. Int. J. Miner. Process. Extr. Metall. 2022, 7(3), 65-74. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20220703.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Yuqiang Liu, Yan Zhang, Daqian Sun, Xiaoyan Gu, Hongmei Li. Microstructure Analysis and Numerical Simulation of Laser Welded Dissimilar Ti Alloy-SS Joint Using V Interlayer. Int J Miner Process Extr Metall. 2022;7(3):65-74. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20220703.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijmpem.20220703.11,
  author = {Yuqiang Liu and Yan Zhang and Daqian Sun and Xiaoyan Gu and Hongmei Li},
  title = {Microstructure Analysis and Numerical Simulation of Laser Welded Dissimilar Ti Alloy-SS Joint Using V Interlayer},
  journal = {International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy},
  volume = {7},
  number = {3},
  pages = {65-74},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijmpem.20220703.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20220703.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmpem.20220703.11},
  abstract = {Pulsed laser welding of TC4 Titanium (Ti) alloy to SUS301L stainless steel (SS) was applied with pure V employed as an interlayer. Microstructures of the joints were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Mechanical properties of the joints were evaluated by performing tensile tests. The two pass welding was employed, and two welding zones were formed. The unmelted V interlayer served as a barrier to mixing of the two base materials in the welding. In the meantime, the unmelted V served as a diffusion barrier between Ti and Fe avoiding formation of the Ti-Fe intermetallics. The temperature field and stress field distributed in laser welding based on Ti alloy-V-SS joint were dynamically simulated using the COMSOL in this study. Given the characteristics of laser welding, a Gauss body heat source was employed in the study to model the laser welding of joint by studying the temperature relativity of the thermal physical parameters of material, as well as the latent heat of fusion. By comparing the simulation results with the corresponding experimental findings, the validity of the numerical model is confirmed.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Microstructure Analysis and Numerical Simulation of Laser Welded Dissimilar Ti Alloy-SS Joint Using V Interlayer
AU  - Yuqiang Liu
AU  - Yan Zhang
AU  - Daqian Sun
AU  - Xiaoyan Gu
AU  - Hongmei Li
Y1  - 2022/07/20
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20220703.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20220703.11
T2  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
JF  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
JO  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
SP  - 65
EP  - 74
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1859
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20220703.11
AB  - Pulsed laser welding of TC4 Titanium (Ti) alloy to SUS301L stainless steel (SS) was applied with pure V employed as an interlayer. Microstructures of the joints were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Mechanical properties of the joints were evaluated by performing tensile tests. The two pass welding was employed, and two welding zones were formed. The unmelted V interlayer served as a barrier to mixing of the two base materials in the welding. In the meantime, the unmelted V served as a diffusion barrier between Ti and Fe avoiding formation of the Ti-Fe intermetallics. The temperature field and stress field distributed in laser welding based on Ti alloy-V-SS joint were dynamically simulated using the COMSOL in this study. Given the characteristics of laser welding, a Gauss body heat source was employed in the study to model the laser welding of joint by studying the temperature relativity of the thermal physical parameters of material, as well as the latent heat of fusion. By comparing the simulation results with the corresponding experimental findings, the validity of the numerical model is confirmed.
VL  - 7
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download