Meal Pattern and Micro Nutrient Adequacy of Food Consumed by Secondary School Female Adolescents in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria

Olanike Olubunmi Balogun; Morenike Okeya Oluwatosin; Adekemi Oyepeju Akinpelu

doi:doi:10.11648/j.jfns.20231101.11

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Meal Pattern and Micro Nutrient Adequacy of Food Consumed by Secondary School Female Adolescents in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria

Olanike Olubunmi Balogun, Morenike Okeya Oluwatosin, Adekemi Oyepeju Akinpelu

Published in Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences (Volume 11, Issue 1)

Received: 2 December 2022 Accepted: 28 December 2022 Published: 10 January 2023

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Abstract

Adolescents have high nutritional needs but usually engage in unhealthy eating which has resulted into an irregular meal consumption pattern especially skipping of breakfast which has a significant impact on their health in adulthood. This study assessed meal pattern and micro-nutrient adequacy of food consumed by secondary school female adolescents in Ibadan. A cross-sectional descriptive study design was conducted among female adolescents in selected secondary schools in two Local Government Areas in Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria. A total of 384 respondents were used, using a proportionate random sampling technique, a semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect socio demographic data, 24-hours dietary recall and food frequency questionnaire was used to collect information on meal pattern and food intake from respondents. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics to analyze the demographic factors, Total Dietary Assessment was used to analyze the 24-hours dietary recall and Chi-square was used to determine the association between meal pattern and micronutrient adequacy, with level of significance set at (p < 0.05). More than half 57.8% of the female respondents were between the ages of 13-15 years, 62.5% of them ate thrice a day while 60.2% of them skip meals of which lunch was mostly skipped. The result revealed that Calcium (mg) 26.02% is the most deficient of all the micronutrient while Vitamin B6, Zn and Fe met the RDA intake. Therefore, female adolescents should consume calcium supplement and foods rich in calcium more, government should also create more nutritional programs to enlighten them on the benefits of eating healthy.

Published in	Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences (Volume 11, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.jfns.20231101.11
Page(s)	1-10
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Meal Pattern, Micronutrients Adequacy, Female Adolescents, Secondary School

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APA Style

Olanike Olubunmi Balogun, Morenike Okeya Oluwatosin, Adekemi Oyepeju Akinpelu. (2023). Meal Pattern and Micro Nutrient Adequacy of Food Consumed by Secondary School Female Adolescents in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences, 11(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfns.20231101.11

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ACS Style

Olanike Olubunmi Balogun; Morenike Okeya Oluwatosin; Adekemi Oyepeju Akinpelu. Meal Pattern and Micro Nutrient Adequacy of Food Consumed by Secondary School Female Adolescents in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. J. Food Nutr. Sci. 2023, 11(1), 1-10. doi: 10.11648/j.jfns.20231101.11

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AMA Style

Olanike Olubunmi Balogun, Morenike Okeya Oluwatosin, Adekemi Oyepeju Akinpelu. Meal Pattern and Micro Nutrient Adequacy of Food Consumed by Secondary School Female Adolescents in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. J Food Nutr Sci. 2023;11(1):1-10. doi: 10.11648/j.jfns.20231101.11

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@article{10.11648/j.jfns.20231101.11,
  author = {Olanike Olubunmi Balogun and Morenike Okeya Oluwatosin and Adekemi Oyepeju Akinpelu},
  title = {Meal Pattern and Micro Nutrient Adequacy of Food Consumed by Secondary School Female Adolescents in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria},
  journal = {Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences},
  volume = {11},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-10},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jfns.20231101.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfns.20231101.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jfns.20231101.11},
  abstract = {Adolescents have high nutritional needs but usually engage in unhealthy eating which has resulted into an irregular meal consumption pattern especially skipping of breakfast which has a significant impact on their health in adulthood. This study assessed meal pattern and micro-nutrient adequacy of food consumed by secondary school female adolescents in Ibadan. A cross-sectional descriptive study design was conducted among female adolescents in selected secondary schools in two Local Government Areas in Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria. A total of 384 respondents were used, using a proportionate random sampling technique, a semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect socio demographic data, 24-hours dietary recall and food frequency questionnaire was used to collect information on meal pattern and food intake from respondents. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics to analyze the demographic factors, Total Dietary Assessment was used to analyze the 24-hours dietary recall and Chi-square was used to determine the association between meal pattern and micronutrient adequacy, with level of significance set at (p < 0.05). More than half 57.8% of the female respondents were between the ages of 13-15 years, 62.5% of them ate thrice a day while 60.2% of them skip meals of which lunch was mostly skipped. The result revealed that Calcium (mg) 26.02% is the most deficient of all the micronutrient while Vitamin B6, Zn and Fe met the RDA intake. Therefore, female adolescents should consume calcium supplement and foods rich in calcium more, government should also create more nutritional programs to enlighten them on the benefits of eating healthy.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Meal Pattern and Micro Nutrient Adequacy of Food Consumed by Secondary School Female Adolescents in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
AU  - Olanike Olubunmi Balogun
AU  - Morenike Okeya Oluwatosin
AU  - Adekemi Oyepeju Akinpelu
Y1  - 2023/01/10
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfns.20231101.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.jfns.20231101.11
T2  - Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences
JF  - Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences
JO  - Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-7293
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfns.20231101.11
AB  - Adolescents have high nutritional needs but usually engage in unhealthy eating which has resulted into an irregular meal consumption pattern especially skipping of breakfast which has a significant impact on their health in adulthood. This study assessed meal pattern and micro-nutrient adequacy of food consumed by secondary school female adolescents in Ibadan. A cross-sectional descriptive study design was conducted among female adolescents in selected secondary schools in two Local Government Areas in Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria. A total of 384 respondents were used, using a proportionate random sampling technique, a semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect socio demographic data, 24-hours dietary recall and food frequency questionnaire was used to collect information on meal pattern and food intake from respondents. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics to analyze the demographic factors, Total Dietary Assessment was used to analyze the 24-hours dietary recall and Chi-square was used to determine the association between meal pattern and micronutrient adequacy, with level of significance set at (p < 0.05). More than half 57.8% of the female respondents were between the ages of 13-15 years, 62.5% of them ate thrice a day while 60.2% of them skip meals of which lunch was mostly skipped. The result revealed that Calcium (mg) 26.02% is the most deficient of all the micronutrient while Vitamin B6, Zn and Fe met the RDA intake. Therefore, female adolescents should consume calcium supplement and foods rich in calcium more, government should also create more nutritional programs to enlighten them on the benefits of eating healthy.
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Olanike Olubunmi Balogun

Human Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Public Health, Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria
Morenike Okeya Oluwatosin

Human Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Public Health, Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria
Adekemi Oyepeju Akinpelu

Public Health Department, Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria

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Olanike Olubunmi Balogun, Morenike Okeya Oluwatosin, Adekemi Oyepeju Akinpelu. (2023). Meal Pattern and Micro Nutrient Adequacy of Food Consumed by Secondary School Female Adolescents in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences, 11(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfns.20231101.11

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ACS Style

Olanike Olubunmi Balogun; Morenike Okeya Oluwatosin; Adekemi Oyepeju Akinpelu. Meal Pattern and Micro Nutrient Adequacy of Food Consumed by Secondary School Female Adolescents in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. J. Food Nutr. Sci. 2023, 11(1), 1-10. doi: 10.11648/j.jfns.20231101.11

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AMA Style

Olanike Olubunmi Balogun, Morenike Okeya Oluwatosin, Adekemi Oyepeju Akinpelu. Meal Pattern and Micro Nutrient Adequacy of Food Consumed by Secondary School Female Adolescents in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. J Food Nutr Sci. 2023;11(1):1-10. doi: 10.11648/j.jfns.20231101.11

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@article{10.11648/j.jfns.20231101.11,
  author = {Olanike Olubunmi Balogun and Morenike Okeya Oluwatosin and Adekemi Oyepeju Akinpelu},
  title = {Meal Pattern and Micro Nutrient Adequacy of Food Consumed by Secondary School Female Adolescents in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria},
  journal = {Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences},
  volume = {11},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-10},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jfns.20231101.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfns.20231101.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jfns.20231101.11},
  abstract = {Adolescents have high nutritional needs but usually engage in unhealthy eating which has resulted into an irregular meal consumption pattern especially skipping of breakfast which has a significant impact on their health in adulthood. This study assessed meal pattern and micro-nutrient adequacy of food consumed by secondary school female adolescents in Ibadan. A cross-sectional descriptive study design was conducted among female adolescents in selected secondary schools in two Local Government Areas in Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria. A total of 384 respondents were used, using a proportionate random sampling technique, a semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect socio demographic data, 24-hours dietary recall and food frequency questionnaire was used to collect information on meal pattern and food intake from respondents. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics to analyze the demographic factors, Total Dietary Assessment was used to analyze the 24-hours dietary recall and Chi-square was used to determine the association between meal pattern and micronutrient adequacy, with level of significance set at (p < 0.05). More than half 57.8% of the female respondents were between the ages of 13-15 years, 62.5% of them ate thrice a day while 60.2% of them skip meals of which lunch was mostly skipped. The result revealed that Calcium (mg) 26.02% is the most deficient of all the micronutrient while Vitamin B6, Zn and Fe met the RDA intake. Therefore, female adolescents should consume calcium supplement and foods rich in calcium more, government should also create more nutritional programs to enlighten them on the benefits of eating healthy.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Meal Pattern and Micro Nutrient Adequacy of Food Consumed by Secondary School Female Adolescents in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
AU  - Olanike Olubunmi Balogun
AU  - Morenike Okeya Oluwatosin
AU  - Adekemi Oyepeju Akinpelu
Y1  - 2023/01/10
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfns.20231101.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.jfns.20231101.11
T2  - Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences
JF  - Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences
JO  - Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-7293
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfns.20231101.11
AB  - Adolescents have high nutritional needs but usually engage in unhealthy eating which has resulted into an irregular meal consumption pattern especially skipping of breakfast which has a significant impact on their health in adulthood. This study assessed meal pattern and micro-nutrient adequacy of food consumed by secondary school female adolescents in Ibadan. A cross-sectional descriptive study design was conducted among female adolescents in selected secondary schools in two Local Government Areas in Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria. A total of 384 respondents were used, using a proportionate random sampling technique, a semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect socio demographic data, 24-hours dietary recall and food frequency questionnaire was used to collect information on meal pattern and food intake from respondents. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics to analyze the demographic factors, Total Dietary Assessment was used to analyze the 24-hours dietary recall and Chi-square was used to determine the association between meal pattern and micronutrient adequacy, with level of significance set at (p < 0.05). More than half 57.8% of the female respondents were between the ages of 13-15 years, 62.5% of them ate thrice a day while 60.2% of them skip meals of which lunch was mostly skipped. The result revealed that Calcium (mg) 26.02% is the most deficient of all the micronutrient while Vitamin B6, Zn and Fe met the RDA intake. Therefore, female adolescents should consume calcium supplement and foods rich in calcium more, government should also create more nutritional programs to enlighten them on the benefits of eating healthy.
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
ER  -

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