A Brief Review of the History of Traditional Chinese Medicine Manual Reduction in the Treatment of Fractures

Dingjie Liang; Mengmeng Xu; Jianing Zhang; Tao He; Yixuan Zhou; Weiqing Qian

doi:doi:10.11648/j.js.20231102.11

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A Brief Review of the History of Traditional Chinese Medicine Manual Reduction in the Treatment of Fractures

Dingjie Liang, Mengmeng Xu, Jianing Zhang, Tao He, Yixuan Zhou, Weiqing Qian

Published in Journal of Surgery (Volume 11, Issue 2)

Received: 28 February 2023 Accepted: 29 March 2023 Published: 11 April 2023

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Abstract

Chinese orthopedic surgeons have accumulated rich experience in clinical practice for thousands of years and formed a unique theoretical system and treatment methods, which have been passed down from generation to generation. With the introduction of western plastic surgery technology into China in the mid-19th century, orthopedics of traditional Chinese medicine had a great development. At this stage, traditional Chinese orthopedic surgeons accepted modern western surgical techniques and summed up eight new techniques for bone-setting (traditional Chinese medicine manual Reduction). The history of the development of CO (Chinese osteosynthesis) is briefly reviewed in this article. Instead of pursuing open reduction and internal fixation, CO insists on closed reduction to treat long bone fractures of the extremities. CO pursues functional alignment of fractures, relative fixation, and recovery of the function of the affected limb as the primary purpose. This treatment concept has been widely recognized by orthopedic surgeons in China. This article introduces eight kinds of reduction manipulations for treating long bone fractures under the guidance of the concept of CO, including Touching with Hands; Traction; Rotation, Flexion, and Extension; Lift-pressing and Squeezing; Swing and Percussing; Separating the bones; Folding and Rotation; Massage. It is important that manual Reduction should not be used for open fractures. Attention should be paid to avoid injury of blood vessels and nerves during reduction.

Published in	Journal of Surgery (Volume 11, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.js.20231102.11
Page(s)	26-30
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Chinese Osteosynthesis, Bone-Setting, Fractures

References

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[2]	Qian, S., Shiji Bianque Canggong Liezhuan. 2019: Harbin: The North Literature And Art Publishing House.
[3]	Hong, G. and W. Junning, Chouhou Peichi Fang. 2005: Tianjin: Tianjin Science and Technology Press.
[4]	Taoruin, L. and X. Ji, Xianshou Li Shang Xuduan Secret Prescription. 2006: Beijing: People's Medical Publishing House.
[5]	Ji, Z., Shengji Zonglu. 1962: Beijing: People's Medical Publishing House.
[6]	Di, Z., Puji Fang. 1960: Beijing: People's Medical Publishing House.
[7]	Qian, W., Yizong Jinjian Volume 5 Volume 87-Volume 90 The Essence of Bone-setting. 1973: Beijing: People's Medical Publishing House.
[8]	Nie, Y. X., et al., Orthopaedics in China. JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-BRITISH VOLUME, 2011. 93B (9): p. 1145-1148.
[9]	Wolff, E. F., A. S. I. F. (association for the study of internal fixation) technics and implants--a review. Vet Med Small Anim Clin, 1972. 67 (7): p. 771-4.
[10]	Godsiff, S. P., et al., A comparative study of early motion and immediate plaster splintage after internal fixation of unstable fractures of the ankle. Injury, 1993. 24 (8): p. 529-30.
[11]	Schweitzer, G., Refracture of bones of the forearm after the removal of compression plates. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 1990. 72 (1): p. 152.
[12]	Bednar, D. A. and W. Grandwilewski, Complications of forearm-plate removal. Can J Surg, 1992. 35 (4): p. 428-31.
[13]	Rispoli, F. and E. Mauro, [Reposition osteotomy with biological osteosynthesis (surgical technic)]. Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb, 1968. 105 (3): p. 8-14.
[14]	Claudi, B. F. and G. Oedekoven, ["Biological osteosynthesis"]. Chirurg, 1991. 62 (5): p. 367-77.
[15]	Zhao, Y., G. C. Wei and Z. H. Lian, [Innovation and development of Chinese Osteosynthesis]. Zhongguo Gu Shang, 2022. 35 (7): p. 703-6.

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APA Style

Dingjie Liang, Mengmeng Xu, Jianing Zhang, Tao He, Yixuan Zhou, et al. (2023). A Brief Review of the History of Traditional Chinese Medicine Manual Reduction in the Treatment of Fractures. Journal of Surgery, 11(2), 26-30. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.js.20231102.11

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ACS Style

Dingjie Liang; Mengmeng Xu; Jianing Zhang; Tao He; Yixuan Zhou, et al. A Brief Review of the History of Traditional Chinese Medicine Manual Reduction in the Treatment of Fractures. J. Surg. 2023, 11(2), 26-30. doi: 10.11648/j.js.20231102.11

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AMA Style

Dingjie Liang, Mengmeng Xu, Jianing Zhang, Tao He, Yixuan Zhou, et al. A Brief Review of the History of Traditional Chinese Medicine Manual Reduction in the Treatment of Fractures. J Surg. 2023;11(2):26-30. doi: 10.11648/j.js.20231102.11

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@article{10.11648/j.js.20231102.11,
  author = {Dingjie Liang and Mengmeng Xu and Jianing Zhang and Tao He and Yixuan Zhou and Weiqing Qian},
  title = {A Brief Review of the History of Traditional Chinese Medicine Manual Reduction in the Treatment of Fractures},
  journal = {Journal of Surgery},
  volume = {11},
  number = {2},
  pages = {26-30},
  doi = {10.11648/j.js.20231102.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.js.20231102.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.js.20231102.11},
  abstract = {Chinese orthopedic surgeons have accumulated rich experience in clinical practice for thousands of years and formed a unique theoretical system and treatment methods, which have been passed down from generation to generation. With the introduction of western plastic surgery technology into China in the mid-19th century, orthopedics of traditional Chinese medicine had a great development. At this stage, traditional Chinese orthopedic surgeons accepted modern western surgical techniques and summed up eight new techniques for bone-setting (traditional Chinese medicine manual Reduction). The history of the development of CO (Chinese osteosynthesis) is briefly reviewed in this article. Instead of pursuing open reduction and internal fixation, CO insists on closed reduction to treat long bone fractures of the extremities. CO pursues functional alignment of fractures, relative fixation, and recovery of the function of the affected limb as the primary purpose. This treatment concept has been widely recognized by orthopedic surgeons in China. This article introduces eight kinds of reduction manipulations for treating long bone fractures under the guidance of the concept of CO, including Touching with Hands; Traction; Rotation, Flexion, and Extension; Lift-pressing and Squeezing; Swing and Percussing; Separating the bones; Folding and Rotation; Massage. It is important that manual Reduction should not be used for open fractures. Attention should be paid to avoid injury of blood vessels and nerves during reduction.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Brief Review of the History of Traditional Chinese Medicine Manual Reduction in the Treatment of Fractures
AU  - Dingjie Liang
AU  - Mengmeng Xu
AU  - Jianing Zhang
AU  - Tao He
AU  - Yixuan Zhou
AU  - Weiqing Qian
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DO  - 10.11648/j.js.20231102.11
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JF  - Journal of Surgery
JO  - Journal of Surgery
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AB  - Chinese orthopedic surgeons have accumulated rich experience in clinical practice for thousands of years and formed a unique theoretical system and treatment methods, which have been passed down from generation to generation. With the introduction of western plastic surgery technology into China in the mid-19th century, orthopedics of traditional Chinese medicine had a great development. At this stage, traditional Chinese orthopedic surgeons accepted modern western surgical techniques and summed up eight new techniques for bone-setting (traditional Chinese medicine manual Reduction). The history of the development of CO (Chinese osteosynthesis) is briefly reviewed in this article. Instead of pursuing open reduction and internal fixation, CO insists on closed reduction to treat long bone fractures of the extremities. CO pursues functional alignment of fractures, relative fixation, and recovery of the function of the affected limb as the primary purpose. This treatment concept has been widely recognized by orthopedic surgeons in China. This article introduces eight kinds of reduction manipulations for treating long bone fractures under the guidance of the concept of CO, including Touching with Hands; Traction; Rotation, Flexion, and Extension; Lift-pressing and Squeezing; Swing and Percussing; Separating the bones; Folding and Rotation; Massage. It is important that manual Reduction should not be used for open fractures. Attention should be paid to avoid injury of blood vessels and nerves during reduction.
VL  - 11
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Author Information

Dingjie Liang

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
Mengmeng Xu

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
Jianing Zhang

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
Tao He

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
Yixuan Zhou

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
Weiqing Qian

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China

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APA Style

Dingjie Liang, Mengmeng Xu, Jianing Zhang, Tao He, Yixuan Zhou, et al. (2023). A Brief Review of the History of Traditional Chinese Medicine Manual Reduction in the Treatment of Fractures. Journal of Surgery, 11(2), 26-30. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.js.20231102.11

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ACS Style

Dingjie Liang; Mengmeng Xu; Jianing Zhang; Tao He; Yixuan Zhou, et al. A Brief Review of the History of Traditional Chinese Medicine Manual Reduction in the Treatment of Fractures. J. Surg. 2023, 11(2), 26-30. doi: 10.11648/j.js.20231102.11

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AMA Style

Dingjie Liang, Mengmeng Xu, Jianing Zhang, Tao He, Yixuan Zhou, et al. A Brief Review of the History of Traditional Chinese Medicine Manual Reduction in the Treatment of Fractures. J Surg. 2023;11(2):26-30. doi: 10.11648/j.js.20231102.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.js.20231102.11,
  author = {Dingjie Liang and Mengmeng Xu and Jianing Zhang and Tao He and Yixuan Zhou and Weiqing Qian},
  title = {A Brief Review of the History of Traditional Chinese Medicine Manual Reduction in the Treatment of Fractures},
  journal = {Journal of Surgery},
  volume = {11},
  number = {2},
  pages = {26-30},
  doi = {10.11648/j.js.20231102.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.js.20231102.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.js.20231102.11},
  abstract = {Chinese orthopedic surgeons have accumulated rich experience in clinical practice for thousands of years and formed a unique theoretical system and treatment methods, which have been passed down from generation to generation. With the introduction of western plastic surgery technology into China in the mid-19th century, orthopedics of traditional Chinese medicine had a great development. At this stage, traditional Chinese orthopedic surgeons accepted modern western surgical techniques and summed up eight new techniques for bone-setting (traditional Chinese medicine manual Reduction). The history of the development of CO (Chinese osteosynthesis) is briefly reviewed in this article. Instead of pursuing open reduction and internal fixation, CO insists on closed reduction to treat long bone fractures of the extremities. CO pursues functional alignment of fractures, relative fixation, and recovery of the function of the affected limb as the primary purpose. This treatment concept has been widely recognized by orthopedic surgeons in China. This article introduces eight kinds of reduction manipulations for treating long bone fractures under the guidance of the concept of CO, including Touching with Hands; Traction; Rotation, Flexion, and Extension; Lift-pressing and Squeezing; Swing and Percussing; Separating the bones; Folding and Rotation; Massage. It is important that manual Reduction should not be used for open fractures. Attention should be paid to avoid injury of blood vessels and nerves during reduction.},
 year = {2023}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Brief Review of the History of Traditional Chinese Medicine Manual Reduction in the Treatment of Fractures
AU  - Dingjie Liang
AU  - Mengmeng Xu
AU  - Jianing Zhang
AU  - Tao He
AU  - Yixuan Zhou
AU  - Weiqing Qian
Y1  - 2023/04/11
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.js.20231102.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.js.20231102.11
T2  - Journal of Surgery
JF  - Journal of Surgery
JO  - Journal of Surgery
SP  - 26
EP  - 30
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-0930
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.js.20231102.11
AB  - Chinese orthopedic surgeons have accumulated rich experience in clinical practice for thousands of years and formed a unique theoretical system and treatment methods, which have been passed down from generation to generation. With the introduction of western plastic surgery technology into China in the mid-19th century, orthopedics of traditional Chinese medicine had a great development. At this stage, traditional Chinese orthopedic surgeons accepted modern western surgical techniques and summed up eight new techniques for bone-setting (traditional Chinese medicine manual Reduction). The history of the development of CO (Chinese osteosynthesis) is briefly reviewed in this article. Instead of pursuing open reduction and internal fixation, CO insists on closed reduction to treat long bone fractures of the extremities. CO pursues functional alignment of fractures, relative fixation, and recovery of the function of the affected limb as the primary purpose. This treatment concept has been widely recognized by orthopedic surgeons in China. This article introduces eight kinds of reduction manipulations for treating long bone fractures under the guidance of the concept of CO, including Touching with Hands; Traction; Rotation, Flexion, and Extension; Lift-pressing and Squeezing; Swing and Percussing; Separating the bones; Folding and Rotation; Massage. It is important that manual Reduction should not be used for open fractures. Attention should be paid to avoid injury of blood vessels and nerves during reduction.
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
ER  -

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