Evaluation of Environmental Radioactivity and Estimation of Radiation Exposure in the Niankhene Agricultural Field in Senegal

Djicknack Dione; Papa Macoumba Faye; Moussa Hamady Sy; Oumar Ndiaye; Nogaye Ndiaye; Alassane Traoré; Ababacar Sadikhe Ndao

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ns.20240901.11

Research Article |

Evaluation of Environmental Radioactivity and Estimation of Radiation Exposure in the Niankhene Agricultural Field in Senegal

Djicknack Dione^*, Papa Macoumba Faye, Moussa Hamady Sy, Oumar Ndiaye, Nogaye Ndiaye, Alassane Traoré, Ababacar Sadikhe Ndao

Published in Nuclear Science (Volume 9, Issue 1)

Received: 22 February 2024 Accepted: 4 March 2024 Published: 19 March 2024

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Abstract

The presence of radioactivity, originating from both natural and human-induced sources, is widespread in varying degrees throughout the Earth's crust. Soil, as a fundamental component of the Earth's crust, serves as an ongoing source of exposure to humans. The level of radioactivity in soil is influenced by factors such as soil composition and land usage. It is expected that barren soil exhibits distinct radioactivity levels compared to cultivated soil. To investigate the radioactivity levels within barren soil, a study was conducted on approximately 11 hectares of soil samples located in Niankhene. Utilizing gamma ray spectrometry methodology with a high purity germanium gamma-ray detector, activity concentration levels of radionuclides including ⁴⁰K, ¹³⁷Cs, ²²⁶Ra, and ²³²Th were evaluated. A total of 16 soil samples were collected at depths ranging from 0 to 40 cm with 20 cm intervals. The activity concentrations of the radionuclides were observed as follows: ⁴⁰K ranged from below the limit of detection to 34.7 Bq.kg^-1; ¹³⁷Cs varied from 0.06 to 0.80 Bq.kg^-1; ²²⁶Ra measured was between 7.49 and 101.56 kg^-1; and ²³²Th ranged 0.33 and 12.68 Bq.kg^-1. The total dose radiation exposure were 27 nGy/h in this study. Before conducting radiometric measurements, chemical analyses were performed to determine the concentrations of Na, Ca, and Mg, along with measurements of electrical conductivity and pH levels of the soil samples.

Published in	Nuclear Science (Volume 9, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ns.20240901.11
Page(s)	1-7
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Soil, Gamma Spectrometry, Environmental Radioactivity, ⁴⁰K, ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, ¹³⁷Cs

References

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APA Style

Dione, D., Faye, P. M., Sy, M. H., Ndiaye, O., Ndiaye, N., et al. (2024). Evaluation of Environmental Radioactivity and Estimation of Radiation Exposure in the Niankhene Agricultural Field in Senegal. Nuclear Science, 9(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ns.20240901.11

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ACS Style

Dione, D.; Faye, P. M.; Sy, M. H.; Ndiaye, O.; Ndiaye, N., et al. Evaluation of Environmental Radioactivity and Estimation of Radiation Exposure in the Niankhene Agricultural Field in Senegal. Nucl. Sci. 2024, 9(1), 1-7. doi: 10.11648/j.ns.20240901.11

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AMA Style

Dione D, Faye PM, Sy MH, Ndiaye O, Ndiaye N, et al. Evaluation of Environmental Radioactivity and Estimation of Radiation Exposure in the Niankhene Agricultural Field in Senegal. Nucl Sci. 2024;9(1):1-7. doi: 10.11648/j.ns.20240901.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ns.20240901.11,
  author = {Djicknack Dione and Papa Macoumba Faye and Moussa Hamady Sy and Oumar Ndiaye and Nogaye Ndiaye and Alassane Traoré and Ababacar Sadikhe Ndao},
  title = {Evaluation of Environmental Radioactivity and Estimation of Radiation Exposure in the Niankhene Agricultural Field in Senegal},
  journal = {Nuclear Science},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-7},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ns.20240901.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ns.20240901.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ns.20240901.11},
  abstract = {The presence of radioactivity, originating from both natural and human-induced sources, is widespread in varying degrees throughout the Earth's crust. Soil, as a fundamental component of the Earth's crust, serves as an ongoing source of exposure to humans. The level of radioactivity in soil is influenced by factors such as soil composition and land usage. It is expected that barren soil exhibits distinct radioactivity levels compared to cultivated soil. To investigate the radioactivity levels within barren soil, a study was conducted on approximately 11 hectares of soil samples located in Niankhene. Utilizing gamma ray spectrometry methodology with a high purity germanium gamma-ray detector, activity concentration levels of radionuclides including 40K, 137Cs, 226Ra, and 232Th were evaluated. A total of 16 soil samples were collected at depths ranging from 0 to 40 cm with 20 cm intervals. The activity concentrations of the radionuclides were observed as follows: 40K ranged from below the limit of detection to 34.7 Bq.kg-1; 137Cs varied from 0.06 to 0.80 Bq.kg-1; 226Ra measured was between 7.49 and 101.56 kg-1; and 232Th ranged 0.33 and 12.68 Bq.kg-1. The total dose radiation exposure were 27 nGy/h in this study. Before conducting radiometric measurements, chemical analyses were performed to determine the concentrations of Na, Ca, and Mg, along with measurements of electrical conductivity and pH levels of the soil samples.
},
 year = {2024}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Environmental Radioactivity and Estimation of Radiation Exposure in the Niankhene Agricultural Field in Senegal
AU  - Djicknack Dione
AU  - Papa Macoumba Faye
AU  - Moussa Hamady Sy
AU  - Oumar Ndiaye
AU  - Nogaye Ndiaye
AU  - Alassane Traoré
AU  - Ababacar Sadikhe Ndao
Y1  - 2024/03/19
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ns.20240901.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ns.20240901.11
T2  - Nuclear Science
JF  - Nuclear Science
JO  - Nuclear Science
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-4346
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ns.20240901.11
AB  - The presence of radioactivity, originating from both natural and human-induced sources, is widespread in varying degrees throughout the Earth's crust. Soil, as a fundamental component of the Earth's crust, serves as an ongoing source of exposure to humans. The level of radioactivity in soil is influenced by factors such as soil composition and land usage. It is expected that barren soil exhibits distinct radioactivity levels compared to cultivated soil. To investigate the radioactivity levels within barren soil, a study was conducted on approximately 11 hectares of soil samples located in Niankhene. Utilizing gamma ray spectrometry methodology with a high purity germanium gamma-ray detector, activity concentration levels of radionuclides including 40K, 137Cs, 226Ra, and 232Th were evaluated. A total of 16 soil samples were collected at depths ranging from 0 to 40 cm with 20 cm intervals. The activity concentrations of the radionuclides were observed as follows: 40K ranged from below the limit of detection to 34.7 Bq.kg-1; 137Cs varied from 0.06 to 0.80 Bq.kg-1; 226Ra measured was between 7.49 and 101.56 kg-1; and 232Th ranged 0.33 and 12.68 Bq.kg-1. The total dose radiation exposure were 27 nGy/h in this study. Before conducting radiometric measurements, chemical analyses were performed to determine the concentrations of Na, Ca, and Mg, along with measurements of electrical conductivity and pH levels of the soil samples.

VL  - 9
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Djicknack Dione

Institute Technologies of Nuclear Applied, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal; Department of physics, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal

Contact Email
Papa Macoumba Faye

Institute Technologies of Nuclear Applied, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal; Department of physics, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal
Moussa Hamady Sy

Institute Technologies of Nuclear Applied, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal; Department of physics, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal
Oumar Ndiaye

Institute Technologies of Nuclear Applied, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal; Department of physics, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal
Nogaye Ndiaye

Institute Technologies of Nuclear Applied, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal; Department of physics, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal
Alassane Traoré

Institute Technologies of Nuclear Applied, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal; Department of physics, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal
Ababacar Sadikhe Ndao

Institute Technologies of Nuclear Applied, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal; Department of physics, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Dione, D., Faye, P. M., Sy, M. H., Ndiaye, O., Ndiaye, N., et al. (2024). Evaluation of Environmental Radioactivity and Estimation of Radiation Exposure in the Niankhene Agricultural Field in Senegal. Nuclear Science, 9(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ns.20240901.11

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ACS Style

Dione, D.; Faye, P. M.; Sy, M. H.; Ndiaye, O.; Ndiaye, N., et al. Evaluation of Environmental Radioactivity and Estimation of Radiation Exposure in the Niankhene Agricultural Field in Senegal. Nucl. Sci. 2024, 9(1), 1-7. doi: 10.11648/j.ns.20240901.11

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AMA Style

Dione D, Faye PM, Sy MH, Ndiaye O, Ndiaye N, et al. Evaluation of Environmental Radioactivity and Estimation of Radiation Exposure in the Niankhene Agricultural Field in Senegal. Nucl Sci. 2024;9(1):1-7. doi: 10.11648/j.ns.20240901.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ns.20240901.11,
  author = {Djicknack Dione and Papa Macoumba Faye and Moussa Hamady Sy and Oumar Ndiaye and Nogaye Ndiaye and Alassane Traoré and Ababacar Sadikhe Ndao},
  title = {Evaluation of Environmental Radioactivity and Estimation of Radiation Exposure in the Niankhene Agricultural Field in Senegal},
  journal = {Nuclear Science},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-7},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ns.20240901.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ns.20240901.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ns.20240901.11},
  abstract = {The presence of radioactivity, originating from both natural and human-induced sources, is widespread in varying degrees throughout the Earth's crust. Soil, as a fundamental component of the Earth's crust, serves as an ongoing source of exposure to humans. The level of radioactivity in soil is influenced by factors such as soil composition and land usage. It is expected that barren soil exhibits distinct radioactivity levels compared to cultivated soil. To investigate the radioactivity levels within barren soil, a study was conducted on approximately 11 hectares of soil samples located in Niankhene. Utilizing gamma ray spectrometry methodology with a high purity germanium gamma-ray detector, activity concentration levels of radionuclides including 40K, 137Cs, 226Ra, and 232Th were evaluated. A total of 16 soil samples were collected at depths ranging from 0 to 40 cm with 20 cm intervals. The activity concentrations of the radionuclides were observed as follows: 40K ranged from below the limit of detection to 34.7 Bq.kg-1; 137Cs varied from 0.06 to 0.80 Bq.kg-1; 226Ra measured was between 7.49 and 101.56 kg-1; and 232Th ranged 0.33 and 12.68 Bq.kg-1. The total dose radiation exposure were 27 nGy/h in this study. Before conducting radiometric measurements, chemical analyses were performed to determine the concentrations of Na, Ca, and Mg, along with measurements of electrical conductivity and pH levels of the soil samples.
},
 year = {2024}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Environmental Radioactivity and Estimation of Radiation Exposure in the Niankhene Agricultural Field in Senegal
AU  - Djicknack Dione
AU  - Papa Macoumba Faye
AU  - Moussa Hamady Sy
AU  - Oumar Ndiaye
AU  - Nogaye Ndiaye
AU  - Alassane Traoré
AU  - Ababacar Sadikhe Ndao
Y1  - 2024/03/19
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ns.20240901.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ns.20240901.11
T2  - Nuclear Science
JF  - Nuclear Science
JO  - Nuclear Science
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-4346
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ns.20240901.11
AB  - The presence of radioactivity, originating from both natural and human-induced sources, is widespread in varying degrees throughout the Earth's crust. Soil, as a fundamental component of the Earth's crust, serves as an ongoing source of exposure to humans. The level of radioactivity in soil is influenced by factors such as soil composition and land usage. It is expected that barren soil exhibits distinct radioactivity levels compared to cultivated soil. To investigate the radioactivity levels within barren soil, a study was conducted on approximately 11 hectares of soil samples located in Niankhene. Utilizing gamma ray spectrometry methodology with a high purity germanium gamma-ray detector, activity concentration levels of radionuclides including 40K, 137Cs, 226Ra, and 232Th were evaluated. A total of 16 soil samples were collected at depths ranging from 0 to 40 cm with 20 cm intervals. The activity concentrations of the radionuclides were observed as follows: 40K ranged from below the limit of detection to 34.7 Bq.kg-1; 137Cs varied from 0.06 to 0.80 Bq.kg-1; 226Ra measured was between 7.49 and 101.56 kg-1; and 232Th ranged 0.33 and 12.68 Bq.kg-1. The total dose radiation exposure were 27 nGy/h in this study. Before conducting radiometric measurements, chemical analyses were performed to determine the concentrations of Na, Ca, and Mg, along with measurements of electrical conductivity and pH levels of the soil samples.

VL  - 9
IS  - 1
ER  -

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