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Laboratory Performance Evaluation in Terms of Water Analysis Through an External Quality Control

Received: 23 March 2015     Accepted: 3 April 2015     Published: 15 April 2015
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Abstract

This paper presents the results of participation of Institut National des Sciences et Techniques Nucléaires-Madagascar (INSTN-Madagascar) in interlaboratory comparisons organized annually, since 2007, by Southern African Development Community WaterLab Association. The following text describes an overview of the utility of provided proficiency testing programs used as an external quality control with respect to proving consistency and reliability of water analysis at INSTN-Madagascar. Total reflection X-Ray Fluorescence spectrometry and Atomic Absorption Spectrometry are both used to measure the following trace metals: Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Co, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb. The analysis of minor and major ions such as Cl–, F–, NO3–, SO42–, PO43–, K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+ are conducted by using Ion Chromatography. To illustrate, graphical distributions of z-scores calculated from the results of water measurements are presented. During the consecutive proficiency testing rounds, INSTN-Madagascar has succeeded to have more than 80% of the values within tolerance limits on 2007, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013. This paper shows some of the considerations for participating to proficiency testing exercises which could be used to obtain certain value from the schemes.

Published in Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry (Volume 3, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.sjac.20150302.12
Page(s) 22-29
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence, Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, Ion Chromatography, Proficiency Testing, Z-Score

References
[1] J. S. Fritz, D. T. Gerde, “Ion Chromatography”, Weinheim, 4th, Completely revised and enlarged, 2009, pp. 21-35
[2] H. Aiginger “Historical development and principles of total reflection X-ray fluorescence analysis”, Spectrochem Acta, v.46B, 1991, p.1313.
[3] R. E. Van Grieken, A. A. Markowicz, “Handbook of X-Ray Spectrometry”, Marcel Dekker, New York, v.14, 1993, pp.453-474.
[4] J.E. Cantle, "Atomic Absorption Spectrometry", Techniques and instrumentation in analytical chemistry, Elsevier, v.5, 1982.
[5] IAEA, “Sampling, Storage and Sample preparation procedures for X Ray Fluorescence analysis of Environmental materials”, IAEATECDOC-950, Vienna, 1997, p.32.
[6] C. Galas, “Assessment of trace metal bioavailability in soils and river waters using different analytical techniques to predict metals uptake by biota”, Thesis, Università DegliStudi di Roma "TOR VERGATA", 2008, p.19.
[7] Appendix F: “Guidelines for Standard Method Performance Requirements”, AOAC Official Methods of Analysis, 2012, p.9, http://www.eoma.aoac.org/app_f.pdf
[8] EURACHEM, “Selection, Use and Interpretation of Proficiency Testing Schemes”, 2nd edn, 2011, p.14, http://www.eurachem.org/images/stories/Guides/pdf/Eurachem_PT_ Guide_2011.pdf
[9] Ph. Quevauviller, E. A. Maier, “Interlaboratory studies and certified reference materials for environmental analysis”, Techniques and instrumentation in analytical chemistry v.22, Elsevier, 1999, p.501.
[10] EN ISO/IEC 17025, “General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories”, CEN/CENELEC, Brussels, 2005, p.20.
[11] M. Rasolofonirina, L. V. Randriamanivo, M. T. Andrianarilala, Raoelina Andriambololona, “Trace Elements and Physico-chemical Quality of the Well Waters in Mahitsy, Province of Antananarivo, Madagascar”, HEPMAD 04, eConf SLAC-Stanford Univ., 2004.
[12] Raoelina Andriambololona, N. N. Andriamahenina, L. V. Rakotozafy, “Qualité des eaux de boisson locales et importées vendues en bouteille à Madagascar”, Académie Nationale des Arts, des Lettres et des Sciences, Antananarivo, 2009.
[13] H. Rakotondramanana, L. V. Randriamanivo, Raoelina Andriambololona, M. Rasolofonirina, “Application de la Fluorescence-X à réflexion totale à l’étude des matières particulaire et des métaux lourds de la pollution de l’air dans la ville d’Antananarivo, Madagascar”, Rev. Pollution Atmosphérique, v.178, 2003, pp.273-283.
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  • APA Style

    Lucienne V. Rakotozafy, Hanitriniaina Ramaherison, Njaka N. Andriamahenina, Elise O. Rasoazanany, Herinirina N. Ravoson, et al. (2015). Laboratory Performance Evaluation in Terms of Water Analysis Through an External Quality Control. Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 3(2), 22-29. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20150302.12

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    ACS Style

    Lucienne V. Rakotozafy; Hanitriniaina Ramaherison; Njaka N. Andriamahenina; Elise O. Rasoazanany; Herinirina N. Ravoson, et al. Laboratory Performance Evaluation in Terms of Water Analysis Through an External Quality Control. Sci. J. Anal. Chem. 2015, 3(2), 22-29. doi: 10.11648/j.sjac.20150302.12

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    AMA Style

    Lucienne V. Rakotozafy, Hanitriniaina Ramaherison, Njaka N. Andriamahenina, Elise O. Rasoazanany, Herinirina N. Ravoson, et al. Laboratory Performance Evaluation in Terms of Water Analysis Through an External Quality Control. Sci J Anal Chem. 2015;3(2):22-29. doi: 10.11648/j.sjac.20150302.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.sjac.20150302.12,
      author = {Lucienne V. Rakotozafy and Hanitriniaina Ramaherison and Njaka N. Andriamahenina and Elise O. Rasoazanany and Herinirina N. Ravoson and Raoelina Andriambololona},
      title = {Laboratory Performance Evaluation in Terms of Water Analysis Through an External Quality Control},
      journal = {Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry},
      volume = {3},
      number = {2},
      pages = {22-29},
      doi = {10.11648/j.sjac.20150302.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20150302.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjac.20150302.12},
      abstract = {This paper presents the results of participation of Institut National des Sciences et Techniques Nucléaires-Madagascar (INSTN-Madagascar) in interlaboratory comparisons organized annually, since 2007, by Southern African Development Community WaterLab Association. The following text describes an overview of the utility of provided proficiency testing programs used as an external quality control with respect to proving consistency and reliability of water analysis at INSTN-Madagascar. Total reflection X-Ray Fluorescence spectrometry and Atomic Absorption Spectrometry are both used to measure the following trace metals: Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Co, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb. The analysis of minor and major ions such as Cl–, F–, NO3–, SO42–, PO43–, K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+ are conducted by using Ion Chromatography. To illustrate, graphical distributions of z-scores calculated from the results of water measurements are presented. During the consecutive proficiency testing rounds, INSTN-Madagascar has succeeded to have more than 80% of the values within tolerance limits on 2007, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013. This paper shows some of the considerations for participating to proficiency testing exercises which could be used to obtain certain value from the schemes.},
     year = {2015}
    }
    

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    T1  - Laboratory Performance Evaluation in Terms of Water Analysis Through an External Quality Control
    AU  - Lucienne V. Rakotozafy
    AU  - Hanitriniaina Ramaherison
    AU  - Njaka N. Andriamahenina
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    AU  - Herinirina N. Ravoson
    AU  - Raoelina Andriambololona
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    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20150302.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.sjac.20150302.12
    T2  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
    JF  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
    JO  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
    SP  - 22
    EP  - 29
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
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    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20150302.12
    AB  - This paper presents the results of participation of Institut National des Sciences et Techniques Nucléaires-Madagascar (INSTN-Madagascar) in interlaboratory comparisons organized annually, since 2007, by Southern African Development Community WaterLab Association. The following text describes an overview of the utility of provided proficiency testing programs used as an external quality control with respect to proving consistency and reliability of water analysis at INSTN-Madagascar. Total reflection X-Ray Fluorescence spectrometry and Atomic Absorption Spectrometry are both used to measure the following trace metals: Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Co, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb. The analysis of minor and major ions such as Cl–, F–, NO3–, SO42–, PO43–, K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+ are conducted by using Ion Chromatography. To illustrate, graphical distributions of z-scores calculated from the results of water measurements are presented. During the consecutive proficiency testing rounds, INSTN-Madagascar has succeeded to have more than 80% of the values within tolerance limits on 2007, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013. This paper shows some of the considerations for participating to proficiency testing exercises which could be used to obtain certain value from the schemes.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • X-Ray Fluorescence and Environment Department, Institut National des Sciences et Techniques Nucléaires, Madagascar (INSTN-Madagascar), Antananarivo, Madagascar

  • X-Ray Fluorescence and Environment Department, Institut National des Sciences et Techniques Nucléaires, Madagascar (INSTN-Madagascar), Antananarivo, Madagascar

  • X-Ray Fluorescence and Environment Department, Institut National des Sciences et Techniques Nucléaires, Madagascar (INSTN-Madagascar), Antananarivo, Madagascar

  • X-Ray Fluorescence and Environment Department, Institut National des Sciences et Techniques Nucléaires, Madagascar (INSTN-Madagascar), Antananarivo, Madagascar

  • X-Ray Fluorescence and Environment Department, Institut National des Sciences et Techniques Nucléaires, Madagascar (INSTN-Madagascar), Antananarivo, Madagascar

  • Theoritical Physics Department, INSTN-Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar

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