Concentration of Heavy Metals in Waste Ashes from Five Sections of a Major Incineration Ground at Maikunkele, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria

Shaba Elijah Yanda; Mathew John Tsado; Tsado Amos Ndarubu; Mba Reginald Chukwuma

doi:doi:10.11648/j.sjac.20150304.11

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Concentration of Heavy Metals in Waste Ashes from Five Sections of a Major Incineration Ground at Maikunkele, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria

Shaba Elijah Yanda, Mathew John Tsado, Tsado Amos Ndarubu, Mba Reginald Chukwuma

Published in Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry (Volume 3, Issue 4)

Received: 2 June 2015 Accepted: 7 July 2015 Published: 17 July 2015

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Abstract

This research investigates the concentrations of some trace metals present in waste ashes collected from five different sections of a major incineration ground at Maikunkele, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. Waste ash samples from the sites were collected and prepared using standard analytical procedures and analytical grade reagents were used for digestion. An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) was used for the analysis of the trace metal (Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd and Ni) content of the samples. The mean concentrations of trace metal in the ash samples differed significantly amongst sites which ranged from 34.1-104.4µg/g (Pb), 2.9-7.9µg/g (Cd), 94.6-206.7µg/g (Cu), 49.7-87.0µg/g (Ni) and 590.1-2622.0µg/g (Zn). These mean concentrations were found to exceed critical level for agricultural use at site 1 (Cd and Zn), site 2 (Cd and Zn), site 3 (Ni and Zn), site 4 (Cd, Cu, Ni and Zn) and site 5 (Cd, Cu, Ni and Zn). Further research is thus required to determine the plant-availability of these metals in the ash and to assess the wider environmental and health implications of open burning of waste as a means of producing ash for agricultural purposes.

Published in	Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry (Volume 3, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.sjac.20150304.11
Page(s)	39-42
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Trace Metals, Waste Ashes, Maikunkele, Incineration and Nigeria

References

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[2]	AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemicals) (2006) Official Method of Analysis of the AOAC (W. Horwitz Editor Eighteen Edition, Washington; D. C., AOAC.
[3]	Barrett, A., Lawlor, J. (1995) The economics of waste management in Ireland. Economic and Social Research Institute, Dublin. 129pp
[4]	Chander K, Brookes PC (1993). Residual effects of zinc, copper and nickel in sewage sludge onmicrobial biomass in a sandy loam. Soil. Biol. Biochem. 25: 587-97.
[5]	Leton, TG; Omotosho, O (2004). Landfill operations in the Niger delta region of Nigeria. Engineering Geology 73(1-2): 171-177.
[6]	Onibokun, AG. and Kumuyi, AJ (1996).Urban poverty in Nigeria: towards sustainable strategies for its alleviation. Centre for African Settlement Studies and Development, Ibadan, Nigeria. CASSAD Monograph Series 10. pp. 1-2.
[7]	Resource Conservation and Recovery Act [RCRA], (2001). RCRA Solid waste programs, (n.d.). Retrieved September 15, 2007, fromwww.epa.gov/epaoswer/hotline/training/swprg.pdf.
[8]	James, S.L., Hoffman, G., Hoffman, J.G., Fasching J.L. and James, G. (1990). Sources of petroleum hydrocarbons in uban rnoff. Wayer, Air and Soil Pollut., 52: 1-22.
[9]	Sally W, (2000). Contrl of Municipal Solid Wastes. Oxford Univer. Press, Oxford 6th eds. 642.
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[11]	Elsokkary, I.H. and Lag, J. (1980). Status of some trace elements in Egyption soils and in wheat grains. Beitrage trop. Landwirtsch. Veterinarmed. 18:35-47.
[12]	Alloway, B.J. (1990). Heavy Metals in Soils, John Wiley and Sons, Glasgow: Blackie, 339.
[13]	Elsokkary, I.H. (1996). Synopsis of contamination of agricultural ecosystem by trace elements: An Emerging environmental problem. Egypt. J. Soil Sci., 36: 1-22.
[14]	Greenland, D.J. and Hayes, M.H.B. (1981). The Chemistry of soil processes. John Wiley and Sons Ltd., 593-619.
[15]	Singh, B. R., Steinnes, E., LaI I.R. and Stevart, B. (1994).Soil processes and water quality, Lewis Publishers, Chelea, Mich, PP: 233-271.
[16]	Chrysanthus, C.S.R., 1996. Evaluating baseline data for trace elements pH, organic matter content and bulk density in agricultural Soils in Nigeria. Water, Air and Soil Pollut., 86:13-34.
[17]	Oresanya O (1998). Waste Control Measures and Responsibility of a Waste Manager within the Framework of Recent Management Methods and Development in Municipal and Industrial Wastes. Paper presented at the Workshop on Effective Waste Management in Nigeria Organized by the Nigerian Society of Engineers, Lagos. April.
[18]	Taylor, R and Allen, A.R. (2006). “Waste disposal and landfill: Information needs” In: Schmoll, O., Howard, G., Chilton, J., Chorus, I (eds). Protecting groundwater for health: Managing the quality of drinking water sources, WHO Drinking Water Quality series Monograph, IWA publishing.
[19]	Geoffrey, IN (2005). The urban informal sector in Nigeria: towards economic development, Environmental health and social harmony. Global Urban Development Magazine 1(1) 5-10.
[20]	Wei JB, Herbell JD, Zhang S (1997). Solid Waste Disposal in China – Situation, Problems and Suggestions. Waste Management & Research, p. 15, pp. 573-583.

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APA Style

Shaba Elijah Yanda, Mathew John Tsado, Tsado Amos Ndarubu, Mba Reginald Chukwuma. (2015). Concentration of Heavy Metals in Waste Ashes from Five Sections of a Major Incineration Ground at Maikunkele, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 3(4), 39-42. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20150304.11

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ACS Style

Shaba Elijah Yanda; Mathew John Tsado; Tsado Amos Ndarubu; Mba Reginald Chukwuma. Concentration of Heavy Metals in Waste Ashes from Five Sections of a Major Incineration Ground at Maikunkele, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. Sci. J. Anal. Chem. 2015, 3(4), 39-42. doi: 10.11648/j.sjac.20150304.11

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AMA Style

Shaba Elijah Yanda, Mathew John Tsado, Tsado Amos Ndarubu, Mba Reginald Chukwuma. Concentration of Heavy Metals in Waste Ashes from Five Sections of a Major Incineration Ground at Maikunkele, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. Sci J Anal Chem. 2015;3(4):39-42. doi: 10.11648/j.sjac.20150304.11

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@article{10.11648/j.sjac.20150304.11,
  author = {Shaba Elijah Yanda and Mathew John Tsado and Tsado Amos Ndarubu and Mba Reginald Chukwuma},
  title = {Concentration of Heavy Metals in Waste Ashes from Five Sections of a Major Incineration Ground at Maikunkele, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria},
  journal = {Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry},
  volume = {3},
  number = {4},
  pages = {39-42},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sjac.20150304.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20150304.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjac.20150304.11},
  abstract = {This research investigates the concentrations of some trace metals present in waste ashes collected from five different sections of a major incineration ground at Maikunkele, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. Waste ash samples from the sites were collected and prepared using standard analytical procedures and analytical grade reagents were used for digestion. An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) was used for the analysis of the trace metal (Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd and Ni) content of the samples. The mean concentrations of trace metal in the ash samples differed significantly amongst sites which ranged from 34.1-104.4µg/g (Pb), 2.9-7.9µg/g (Cd), 94.6-206.7µg/g (Cu), 49.7-87.0µg/g (Ni) and 590.1-2622.0µg/g (Zn). These mean concentrations were found to exceed critical level for agricultural use at site 1 (Cd and Zn), site 2 (Cd and Zn), site 3 (Ni and Zn), site 4 (Cd, Cu, Ni and Zn) and site 5 (Cd, Cu, Ni and Zn). Further research is thus required to determine the plant-availability of these metals in the ash and to assess the wider environmental and health implications of open burning of waste as a means of producing ash for agricultural purposes.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Concentration of Heavy Metals in Waste Ashes from Five Sections of a Major Incineration Ground at Maikunkele, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
AU  - Shaba Elijah Yanda
AU  - Mathew John Tsado
AU  - Tsado Amos Ndarubu
AU  - Mba Reginald Chukwuma
Y1  - 2015/07/17
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20150304.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.sjac.20150304.11
T2  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
JO  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
SP  - 39
EP  - 42
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-8053
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20150304.11
AB  - This research investigates the concentrations of some trace metals present in waste ashes collected from five different sections of a major incineration ground at Maikunkele, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. Waste ash samples from the sites were collected and prepared using standard analytical procedures and analytical grade reagents were used for digestion. An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) was used for the analysis of the trace metal (Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd and Ni) content of the samples. The mean concentrations of trace metal in the ash samples differed significantly amongst sites which ranged from 34.1-104.4µg/g (Pb), 2.9-7.9µg/g (Cd), 94.6-206.7µg/g (Cu), 49.7-87.0µg/g (Ni) and 590.1-2622.0µg/g (Zn). These mean concentrations were found to exceed critical level for agricultural use at site 1 (Cd and Zn), site 2 (Cd and Zn), site 3 (Ni and Zn), site 4 (Cd, Cu, Ni and Zn) and site 5 (Cd, Cu, Ni and Zn). Further research is thus required to determine the plant-availability of these metals in the ash and to assess the wider environmental and health implications of open burning of waste as a means of producing ash for agricultural purposes.
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Shaba Elijah Yanda

Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria
Mathew John Tsado

Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria
Tsado Amos Ndarubu

Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, Niger State Polytechnic, Zungeru, Nigeria
Mba Reginald Chukwuma

Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria

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APA Style

Shaba Elijah Yanda, Mathew John Tsado, Tsado Amos Ndarubu, Mba Reginald Chukwuma. (2015). Concentration of Heavy Metals in Waste Ashes from Five Sections of a Major Incineration Ground at Maikunkele, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 3(4), 39-42. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20150304.11

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ACS Style

Shaba Elijah Yanda; Mathew John Tsado; Tsado Amos Ndarubu; Mba Reginald Chukwuma. Concentration of Heavy Metals in Waste Ashes from Five Sections of a Major Incineration Ground at Maikunkele, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. Sci. J. Anal. Chem. 2015, 3(4), 39-42. doi: 10.11648/j.sjac.20150304.11

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AMA Style

Shaba Elijah Yanda, Mathew John Tsado, Tsado Amos Ndarubu, Mba Reginald Chukwuma. Concentration of Heavy Metals in Waste Ashes from Five Sections of a Major Incineration Ground at Maikunkele, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. Sci J Anal Chem. 2015;3(4):39-42. doi: 10.11648/j.sjac.20150304.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.sjac.20150304.11,
  author = {Shaba Elijah Yanda and Mathew John Tsado and Tsado Amos Ndarubu and Mba Reginald Chukwuma},
  title = {Concentration of Heavy Metals in Waste Ashes from Five Sections of a Major Incineration Ground at Maikunkele, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria},
  journal = {Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry},
  volume = {3},
  number = {4},
  pages = {39-42},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sjac.20150304.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20150304.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjac.20150304.11},
  abstract = {This research investigates the concentrations of some trace metals present in waste ashes collected from five different sections of a major incineration ground at Maikunkele, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. Waste ash samples from the sites were collected and prepared using standard analytical procedures and analytical grade reagents were used for digestion. An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) was used for the analysis of the trace metal (Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd and Ni) content of the samples. The mean concentrations of trace metal in the ash samples differed significantly amongst sites which ranged from 34.1-104.4µg/g (Pb), 2.9-7.9µg/g (Cd), 94.6-206.7µg/g (Cu), 49.7-87.0µg/g (Ni) and 590.1-2622.0µg/g (Zn). These mean concentrations were found to exceed critical level for agricultural use at site 1 (Cd and Zn), site 2 (Cd and Zn), site 3 (Ni and Zn), site 4 (Cd, Cu, Ni and Zn) and site 5 (Cd, Cu, Ni and Zn). Further research is thus required to determine the plant-availability of these metals in the ash and to assess the wider environmental and health implications of open burning of waste as a means of producing ash for agricultural purposes.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Concentration of Heavy Metals in Waste Ashes from Five Sections of a Major Incineration Ground at Maikunkele, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
AU  - Shaba Elijah Yanda
AU  - Mathew John Tsado
AU  - Tsado Amos Ndarubu
AU  - Mba Reginald Chukwuma
Y1  - 2015/07/17
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20150304.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.sjac.20150304.11
T2  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
JO  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
SP  - 39
EP  - 42
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-8053
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20150304.11
AB  - This research investigates the concentrations of some trace metals present in waste ashes collected from five different sections of a major incineration ground at Maikunkele, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. Waste ash samples from the sites were collected and prepared using standard analytical procedures and analytical grade reagents were used for digestion. An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) was used for the analysis of the trace metal (Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd and Ni) content of the samples. The mean concentrations of trace metal in the ash samples differed significantly amongst sites which ranged from 34.1-104.4µg/g (Pb), 2.9-7.9µg/g (Cd), 94.6-206.7µg/g (Cu), 49.7-87.0µg/g (Ni) and 590.1-2622.0µg/g (Zn). These mean concentrations were found to exceed critical level for agricultural use at site 1 (Cd and Zn), site 2 (Cd and Zn), site 3 (Ni and Zn), site 4 (Cd, Cu, Ni and Zn) and site 5 (Cd, Cu, Ni and Zn). Further research is thus required to determine the plant-availability of these metals in the ash and to assess the wider environmental and health implications of open burning of waste as a means of producing ash for agricultural purposes.
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
ER  -

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