Quality Evaluation Method of Anchor Chain Flash Butt Welding Based on Deep Learning
Jiahe Gao,
Haibo Wen,
Shenao Zhu,
Shihui Dong,
Shijie Su,
Jian Zhang
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, February 2023
Pages:
1-8
Received:
24 December 2022
Accepted:
10 January 2023
Published:
17 January 2023
Abstract: Flash butt welding, a mainstream welding method employed in producing anchor chains, is a critical manufacturing process affecting the quality of anchor chains. Ultrasonic and load testing are used to evaluate the welding quality of anchor chains, but the cost of checking and replacing unqualified chain links is high. A deep learning-based quality evaluation method for flash butt welding is proposed to reduce the cost of detecting and replacing substandard chain links. First, displacement and current sensors collect electrode position and current signals during welding. Second, since the number of qualified anchor links is much larger than that of unqualified ones, a new data synthesis method is proposed: nearest-neighbor splicing sampling, which achieves the enhancement of minority samples by segmenting and combining existing data samples according to the features of anchor chain welding. Then, a piecewise linear interpolation method is used to handle the varying data length problem, thus satisfying the input requirements of the convolutional neural network (CNN). Finally, a CNN model is established, and dropout is used to reduce the over-fitting phenomenon. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the under-sampling method, over-sampling method, and nearest-neighbor splicing sampling method are 93.8%, 95.9%, and 96.3%, respectively, and the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the CNN model are 95.7%, 93%, and 94.3%, respectively, which are better than those of the support vector machine (SVM).
Abstract: Flash butt welding, a mainstream welding method employed in producing anchor chains, is a critical manufacturing process affecting the quality of anchor chains. Ultrasonic and load testing are used to evaluate the welding quality of anchor chains, but the cost of checking and replacing unqualified chain links is high. A deep learning-based quality ...
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Optimize the Location of Embedded Pipes by Using Low-Grade Natural Thermal Energy/Waste Heat for Thermal Activated Façade
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, February 2023
Pages:
9-25
Received:
8 January 2023
Accepted:
4 February 2023
Published:
24 February 2023
Abstract: The final effect of a thermal activated façade (TAF) wouldn’t only be influenced by the thermal character of the wall, dimensions and distance of the embedded pipes besides flow rate and temperature of the medium, but also by the location of the pipes. The location of the embedded pipes not only affects the final effect of thermoactivated, there is at the same time an obvious correspondence with the temperature of the medium. The simulations and lab investigations have concluded that the optimization the depth of embedded pipes, is necessary in order to use low-grade natural thermal energy/waste heat (LGTE) to achieve TAF. Using the bench mark of the “equivalent thermal resistance” (ER-Value), it is clear that the closer the pipes are located to the outside, the less energy grade is required. However, not all of the LGTE with higher temperature than outdoor air can be used for TAF. The limit of LGTE is the “Invalid Medium Temperature” (IVMT); although there is still a temperature difference between the medium and the outdoor environment, its thermal driving potential is not enough to form an effective heat transfer between the pipe and its surrounding per unit length, so that the medium circulation in the wall hardly contributes to changing the temperature gradient in the wall.
Abstract: The final effect of a thermal activated façade (TAF) wouldn’t only be influenced by the thermal character of the wall, dimensions and distance of the embedded pipes besides flow rate and temperature of the medium, but also by the location of the pipes. The location of the embedded pipes not only affects the final effect of thermoactivated, there is...
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Effective Press Folding Line Processing as Deformation Induction for Adjusting Impact Energy Absorption
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, February 2023
Pages:
26-37
Received:
16 February 2023
Accepted:
6 March 2023
Published:
16 March 2023
Abstract: Press formed products have recently been applied widely in various structures. Press forming is a mass production method that is used to manufacture many machine components such as automobiles, industrial machinery, and various plants. However, there is a limit to the degree of shape freedom that can be applied, so measures against cracks, wrinkles, spring-back, etc., must be taken in the development process. It is well known that it is difficult to apply it economically in the case of small-lot production because of its high capital investment. The previous report shows that the folding line processing by press method / bending has a high degree of shape freedom, requires little capital investment, and can be expected to be applied for experiments and prototypes, and for commercial products from small to mass production. This paper shows that press folding line processing using V-shaped punch can be applied as deformation induction based on impact crushing experiments using square steel tubes/ aluminum thin wall cylinders and FEM results. To improve the impact energy absorption performance in the event of a collision, notches and uneven surfaces called beads have been formed in the crush boxes and front side members as automobile parts manufactured by press forming. The bead has the role of inducing deformation so as to improve the impact energy absorption performance during the axial crushing process. However, beads as deformation induction by the press forming, in addition to the difficulty of die design/manufacturing, needs to correct the bead design after impact experiments using prototypes. This paper shows press folding line processing as deformation induction is very convenient and effective to adjust impact energy absorption only by setting folding lines arrangement, not for bending along folding lines. Press folding line processing can be applied for the high performance crush box development.
Abstract: Press formed products have recently been applied widely in various structures. Press forming is a mass production method that is used to manufacture many machine components such as automobiles, industrial machinery, and various plants. However, there is a limit to the degree of shape freedom that can be applied, so measures against cracks, wrinkles...
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