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Analysis on the Current Situation and Influencing Factors of Health Literacy of Primary and Secondary School Teachers in Shanghai
Gao Lei,
Luo Rongbo,
Bao Zhenwei,
Lu Xiaojuan
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 5, September 2022
Pages:
199-206
Received:
9 July 2022
Accepted:
29 August 2022
Published:
5 September 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.sjph.20221005.11
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Abstract: Objective: The outbreak of the covid-19 epidemic has increased the attention of the whole society to health. Health literacy is closely related to an individual's health status. While primary and secondary school teachers shoulder the important task of cultivating talents and educating people, it is of great significance to pay attention to their health literacy. The paper investigated the health literacy status and influencing factors of primary and secondary school teachers in Shanghai, analyzed the relationship between their health literacy levels and healthy behavior choices, grasped the needs of primary and secondary school teachers for access to health education and provided reference suggestions for improving the health literacy of primary and secondary school teachers. Methods: Using the cluster sampling method, in October 2020, 637 primary and secondary school teachers from 4 primary schools and 4 middle schools in Shanghai were selected as the study participants, and the general information questionnaires and the health literacy questionnaires were used to get information. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of health literacy among primary and secondary school teachers. Results: The health literacy rate of primary and secondary school teachers in this group was 38.93%. The health knowledge, health skills, and health behaviors rates were 42.23%, 78.49%, and 47.10% respectively. The rate of health skills was higher than that of health knowledge and behavior. The three dimensions possession rates of health knowledge, skills, and behavior were not balanced. Five categories of health issues: scientific health concept, infectious disease prevention, chronic disease prevention, safety and first aid, and basic medical health literacy rates were 74.88%, 85.87%, 69.07%, 94.03%, and 69.07%, respectively. The top three access channels for health information were: Internet, TV broadcasting, books or newspapers and magazines. The results of binary logistic regression analysis showed that the satisfaction of health education content and form, gender, and access to health knowledge had an important impact on health literacy (all P<0.05). Conclusions: The health literacy level of primary and secondary school teachers in this group needed to be improved. It was also suggested that schools and the society should strengthen the development of health education, systematically impart health knowledge and skills to primary and secondary school teachers in multiple ways and in various forms, and at the same time, strengthen the monitoring of the health satisfaction of teachers, improve health satisfaction, improve health literacy, and promote health.
Abstract: Objective: The outbreak of the covid-19 epidemic has increased the attention of the whole society to health. Health literacy is closely related to an individual's health status. While primary and secondary school teachers shoulder the important task of cultivating talents and educating people, it is of great significance to pay attention to their h...
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Integration of COVID-19 into the Sentinel Influenza and Other Acute Respiratory Infections Network
Maja Socan,
Katarina Prosenc
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 5, September 2022
Pages:
207-213
Received:
4 August 2022
Accepted:
23 August 2022
Published:
5 September 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.sjph.20221005.12
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Abstract: Background: In the COVID-19 pandemic period, surveillance relies on comprehensive testing and case-based reporting. In the post-pandemic phase, multi-layered surveillance, including sentinel surveillance, should be developed to provide information for policy-making. Methods: The existing sentinel network for surveillance of acute respiratory infections was upgraded in the 2020/2021 season with COVID-19 added to the list of reportable diagnoses. We have updated the instructions for the sentinel sites. The virological sampling protocol was adapted to the pandemic and sentinel samples were tested for SARS-CoV-2. To assess the reliability and usability of the upgraded system, we compared the weekly sentinel COVID-19 incidence rates with national incidence rates. Results: Weekly sentinel COVID-19 incidence rates were comparable to nationally reported rates with some deviations. The largest differences were in the age group ≥65 years, with lower incidence rates in the sentinel compared to the national data in the second wave of the pandemic. In adults (20–64 years), the discrepancy was less pronounced. Virological data showed the complete absence of influenza circulation in the 2020/21 season, the unusual course of the RSV season and the absence of hMPV in the first year of the pandemic. The proportion of positive sentinel samples for SARS-CoV-2 was comparable to national data. Conclusions: The process of integrating COVID-19 into the sentinel surveillance is ongoing. We closely monitor the data in order to contextually understand the factors that may affect the results and identify the limitations of the sentinel surveillance for the COVID-19 pandemic.
Abstract: Background: In the COVID-19 pandemic period, surveillance relies on comprehensive testing and case-based reporting. In the post-pandemic phase, multi-layered surveillance, including sentinel surveillance, should be developed to provide information for policy-making. Methods: The existing sentinel network for surveillance of acute respiratory infect...
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Research Progress of Fatty Acid Synthase in Digestive Tract Tumors
Hou Jianzhang,
Zhang Shuli,
Yuan Jianlei,
Li Hongyan,
Hou Zhenjiang
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 5, September 2022
Pages:
214-222
Received:
28 August 2022
Accepted:
5 October 2022
Published:
11 October 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.sjph.20221005.13
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Abstract: Fatty acid synthase (FAS) is a key enzyme in the synthesis of endogenous fatty acids. It consists of two identical polypeptide chains connected in a head-to-tail manner to form a dimer, which constitutes the catalytic center of the enzyme. It is composed of seven enzymatic active domains, and catalyzes the synthesis of fatty acids by acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA. The main product of FAS is palmitic acid, which is not only one of the main components of the cell membrane structure, but also an important substrate for cell energy metabolism. It stores energy, synthesizes phospholipids, and participates in cell membrane structure, intracellular signal transduction and protein acylation and many other functions. In normal tissue cells, FAS is expressed at low activity, while FAS is highly expressed in many tumor tissue cells. The level of FAS activity in vivo is of great significance to fatty acid synthesis and body fat deposition. The application of FAS inhibitors can eliminate the proliferation and migration of tumor cells and become a new therapeutic target. In recent years, scholars at home and abroad have carried out a lot of research on FAS on fat synthesis, metabolic regulation and tumor tissue. This article reviews the structure, function, origin and distribution of FAS, as well as the research progress in digestive tract tumors, correctly understands the biological characteristics of FAS and its mechanism of action in tumors, and studies new FAS inhibitors, so as to provide insights into the digestive tract. The diagnosis of tumor provides a theoretical basis and new ideas for the successful prevention and treatment of tumors.
Abstract: Fatty acid synthase (FAS) is a key enzyme in the synthesis of endogenous fatty acids. It consists of two identical polypeptide chains connected in a head-to-tail manner to form a dimer, which constitutes the catalytic center of the enzyme. It is composed of seven enzymatic active domains, and catalyzes the synthesis of fatty acids by acetyl-CoA and...
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Prevalence of Anemia and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at Adama Town Public Health Centers, Adama, Oromia, Ethiopia
Legese Lemma Zeme,
Lidya Woldemariam,
Bekele Gutema,
Lemlem Kebede,
Chala Diriba,
Fekede Habtu
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 5, September 2022
Pages:
223-233
Received:
6 September 2022
Accepted:
5 October 2022
Published:
28 October 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.sjph.20221005.14
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Abstract: Anemia is associated with adverse health and socio-economic consequences among pregnant women. Particularly, severe anemia increases the risk of maternal mortality by 20%. In developing countries, like Ethiopia where anemia is common, determining the magnitude and identifying factors that are associated with anemia is necessary to control it. Therefore: this study aimed to determine Prevalence of anemia and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Adama Town Public Health Centers, Adama, Ethiopia, 2021. Methods: A facility based cross sectional study was conducted among 341 pregnant women attending public health centers at Adama town by using systematic random sampling technique. Data on socio-demographic characteristics and potential associated factors for Anemia were collected by structured interviewer administered questionnaire. Blood sample were collected with capillary tube for Hematocrit determination to determine the level of anemia and malaria parasite and about 2 gram of stool sample was collected to identify presence of a parasite. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. To identify determinants of anemia, binary and multiple logistic regression models were used. In final fitted regression model a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered to declare significance of association. Result: A total of 341 pregnant women were enrolled in this study making response rate 100%. The overall prevalence of anemia among pregnant women was 27.6% (95% CI; 22.9-32.6). Factors like average monthly income within 1501 – 2500 Eth. Birr [AOR]: 4.7 (1.7, 12.94)], History of menstrual bleeding [AOR]: 5.95 (1.7, 20.7), did not take prenatal iron and folic acid supplementation [AOR]: 10.9 (3.6, 33.19)], MUAC were less than 23 cm [AOR]: 27.3 (9.9, 75.27)] and HIV infected pregnant women [AOR]: 23.9 (4.5, 127.9)] had significant association with anemia. Conclusion and Recommendation: The prevalence of anemia existed as a moderate public health concern. Among several possible factors: History of menstrual bleeding, did not take prenatal iron and folic acid supplementation, MUAC were less than 23 cm and HIV infected pregnant women had significant association with Anemia. Thus, maternal iron supplementation coverage are essential to mitigate the high burden of anemia. In addition, nutritional counseling and education on the consumption of extra meals and iron-rich foods should be intensified.
Abstract: Anemia is associated with adverse health and socio-economic consequences among pregnant women. Particularly, severe anemia increases the risk of maternal mortality by 20%. In developing countries, like Ethiopia where anemia is common, determining the magnitude and identifying factors that are associated with anemia is necessary to control it. There...
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Health Outcomes of Backward Walking in Patients with Low Back Pain: A Scoping Review
Justin Bwalya,
Brian Chanda Chiluba,
Loveness Anila Nkhata,
Maureen Pakosh,
Simon Himalowa,
Martha Banda-Chalwe,
Kristin Musselman
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 5, September 2022
Pages:
234-241
Received:
22 September 2022
Accepted:
12 October 2022
Published:
28 October 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.sjph.20221005.15
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Abstract: There has been growing interest in clinical use and research in backward walking (BW) exercise intervention in low back pain (LBP) in recent years. Studies have reported wide beneficial and potential positive impact on health related outcomes. This scoping review aimed to explore the health outcomes of BW in LBP and determine knowledge gaps for future studies. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines were applied and a systematic literature search was conducted in seven electronic databases. Relevant articles were screened and assessed for eligibility using the Covidence web-based software. Data were extracted, summarized and appraised using the modified version of a Downs and Black checklist and the findings were reported narratively. A total of 3 articles were included in the final analysis of the present study of which 67% were findings India and 33% South America. All included studies revealed evidence of positive impact on physical dimension of health especially, reduction in pain intensity followed by increase in spinal muscle activity, strength and range of motion. None of the studies reported adverse effects. Evidence from this review corroborate that BW can positively impact health related outcomes in LBP. Limitation in literature and lack of strong methodological quality motivate for more and methodologically rigor studies in future research to better understanding the effects on other health dimensions and wider context.
Abstract: There has been growing interest in clinical use and research in backward walking (BW) exercise intervention in low back pain (LBP) in recent years. Studies have reported wide beneficial and potential positive impact on health related outcomes. This scoping review aimed to explore the health outcomes of BW in LBP and determine knowledge gaps for fut...
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