Incidence of Smear-positive Tuberculosis in Dale District, Sidama, South Ethiopia
Endrias Markos Woldesemayat
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, March 2021
Pages:
22-27
Received:
28 January 2021
Accepted:
26 February 2021
Published:
1 April 2021
Abstract: Background: Estimating TB incidence rate using follow-up study has not been done in southern Ethiopia. Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate incidence rate of smear-positive TB in Dale district, Sidama Region, South Ethiopia. Methods: In a cohort study conducted among 36,575 people in six rural communities: 14,801 children, 92 cases with history of TB treatment and 15 smear-positive TB cases were excluded from the cohort. For 648 smear-negative patients with symptoms of TB and 1443 neighbourhood controls, we did a 3 – 4 monthly follow-up surveys and detected TB cases. For the rest of population, at the end of the follow-up, identification of TB cases from the district TB register was done. Results: In this study, 21,667 adult people were followed for 18,031 person-years and detected 49 new TB cases. Incidence rate of smear-positive TB was (273; 95% CI: 206 – 361)/100,000 person-years. The risk of smear-positive TB was higher among illiterate people (Adjusted incidence rate ratio 2.4; 95% CI 1.2 – 5.0). Conclusion: TB continued to be a major public health problem in rural communities of South Ethiopia. A high incidence rate of smear-positive TB was observed in the study settings. To improve specificity of the diagnosis, future studies should consider using sputum culture or GeneXpert in screening and diagnosis of TB.
Abstract: Background: Estimating TB incidence rate using follow-up study has not been done in southern Ethiopia. Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate incidence rate of smear-positive TB in Dale district, Sidama Region, South Ethiopia. Methods: In a cohort study conducted among 36,575 people in six rural communities: 14,801 children, 92 cases with...
Show More
Knowledge, Practice and Factors Associated with Pain Management for Adult Critical Ill Patients Among Nurses Working in Federal Hospitals of Addis Ababa Ethiopia 2020
Zewdu Gelaye Wondimagegn,
Hana Abera Hailemariam,
Tesfahun Abye Meshesha,
Solomon Olijra
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, March 2021
Pages:
28-39
Received:
2 February 2021
Accepted:
29 March 2021
Published:
16 April 2021
Abstract: Background: Effective pain management requires precise knowledge and competent skills in practice. Nurses should have a solid foundation of pain knowledge and develop good practice pain management. Little is documented towards nurse’s knowledge and practice of pain management among critical ill patients in the study area. Objective: To examine the level of knowledge, practice & associated factors of nurses towards critically ill patients pain management at federal hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia September to October 2020. Method: A cross-sectional study design was conducted among nurses, who work at federal hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from September 15 to October 15, 2020. All intensive care unit nurses was participated in the study. Data was collected by using self-administered structured questionnaire and entered into Epi info version 7 and imported to SPSS version 23.0 software for analysis. Associations was analyzed by using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression model. The findings were expressed with 95% CI and odd ratio and P-value<0.05. Result: Knowledge of nurses towards pain management in the study area is 64.9%. Among many factors contributed to the nurses’ pain management knowledge in the Multivariate logistic regression: work load (AOR, 8.8, CI95%, 1.45-53.39), training related to ICU (AOR, 10.8, CI95%, 1.07-109.42), reading of guidelines (AOR, 10.11, CI95%, 1.36-75.22), educational status (AOR, 16.38, CI95%, 1.02-261.9), and practice of nurse towards pain management (AOR, 6.17, CI95%; 1.38-27.56) were associated with knowledge of pain management. Nurses’ practice of pain management in the study area is 56.5%. Similarly having a training related to intensive care unit (AOR, 19.95, CI95%, 3.03-130.9), and knowledge of nurse towards pain management (AOR, 5.30, CI95%; 1.3-21.68) were significantly associated with practice of nurses on pain management. Conclusion and recommendation: The overall nurses’ pain management knowledge in federal hospitals of Addis Ababa relative to Mekelle hospitals is good. Taking training, reading guidelines and level of education of nurses were significant predictors of nurse’s knowledge. Receiving a training related to intensive care unit and having adequate knowledge of pain management were also associated with practice of pain management. Therefore, the need to give trainings and prepare guideline regarding pain assessment and management might escalate to address pain management among nurses.
Abstract: Background: Effective pain management requires precise knowledge and competent skills in practice. Nurses should have a solid foundation of pain knowledge and develop good practice pain management. Little is documented towards nurse’s knowledge and practice of pain management among critical ill patients in the study area. Objective: To examine the ...
Show More
Survey on the Cognition of HIV/AIDS Among Freshmen of Midwifery Major in Nursing Department
Liu Zhimei,
Shen Tao,
He Shixu,
Xiao Dexin,
Zhang Xinjiang,
Yang Ying,
Wang Zhenjuan,
Sun Ying,
Fu Yu,
Zhao Yating,
Yang Dezhi
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, March 2021
Pages:
40-43
Received:
23 March 2021
Accepted:
22 April 2021
Published:
8 May 2021
Abstract: Background: Midwives were a special group of nurses whose jobs were to assist obstetricians in ensuring the safety of mothers and newborns. It was important that their high knowledge of preventing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission for preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV. In order to understand and strengthen their knowledge of HIV and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). When the new students of midwive first came to college the study of ther wareness for HIV was carried out. Objective: The main aim of this study was to understand the awareness rate and provide basis of health education about the AIDS among new students of midwive. Materials and Methods: 146 new students of midwives were surveyed about the knowledge of AIDS with questionnaire survey method. Result: Findings revealed that knowledge level of AIDS were low among the new students of midwives. Conclusion and Recommendation: Learning of sexual knowledge and HIV/AIDS should be strengthened for the new students of midwives. The curriculum about HIV/AIDS knowledge should be specially set up.
Abstract: Background: Midwives were a special group of nurses whose jobs were to assist obstetricians in ensuring the safety of mothers and newborns. It was important that their high knowledge of preventing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission for preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV. In order to understand and strengthen their knowledge...
Show More
