Research Article
Formulation and Evaluation of Paediatric Oral Vehicles for the Administration of Sildenafil and Omeprazole in Infants
Sidy Mouhamed Dieng*
,
Papa Mady Sy,
Abdou Faye,
Alphonse Rodrigue Djiboune,
Viviane Yeto,
Ahmédou Bamba Fall,
Djiby Faye,
Moussa Diop,
Louis Augustin Diaga Diouf,
Gora Mbaye,
Oumar Thioune,
Mounibe Diarra
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, June 2025
Pages:
1-8
Received:
9 January 2025
Accepted:
2 February 2025
Published:
20 February 2025
Abstract: When it comes to dispensing medicines to children, the use of a suspension agent is sometimes necessary. To ensure that children and adolescents have timely access to safe and effective medicines, including paediatric formulations. The overall objective of this work was to develop an oral paediatric dispensing solution representing the vehicle for suspensions. The specific objectives were to formulate different suspension agents and to determine the physico-chemical characteristics of the paediatric oral suspensions formulated. The suspension preparation method is based on dissolution/dispersion to produce different formulations. Parameters such as pH, viscosity and PA release were determined. The oral suspensions obtained are pleasant and well tolerated, providing precision and consistency, and maintaining physical integrity throughout their shelf life. The pH of the preparations (1 to 6) has an average value of between 3.4 and 3.6. In terms of viscosity, by comparison, Ora Blend® has a higher viscosity than the preparations (1 to 6). The study of the release of sildenafil incorporated in Ora Blend shows that there is very little release in (SGF). In contrast, in (SIF), there is a release from 5 minutes, which increases to 60% after 60 minutes. Omeprazole incorporated into Ora Blend begins to release from 40 minutes in the SGF, and from the first few minutes in the SIF. These results contribute to the advancement of work on the formulation of oral suspension vehicles by providing in-depth knowledge and experimental results. These advances will stimulate innovation in the formulation and administration of paediatric medicines, thereby helping to improve patient care.
Abstract: When it comes to dispensing medicines to children, the use of a suspension agent is sometimes necessary. To ensure that children and adolescents have timely access to safe and effective medicines, including paediatric formulations. The overall objective of this work was to develop an oral paediatric dispensing solution representing the vehicle for ...
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Research Article
Formulation and Characterization of Capsule Shells from Breadfruit Peel (Artocarpus altilis (Park) Fosberng)
Rosiana Rizal*,
Nofrizal Nofrizal,
Leady Permanda Bakri
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, June 2025
Pages:
9-16
Received:
1 January 2025
Accepted:
14 March 2025
Published:
28 March 2025
Abstract: Capsule shells are commonly made of gelatin but can also be made from starch or other suitable materials. An alternative raw material to replace gelatin in capsule shell production is pectin. Natural sources containing pectin include breadfruit peel. This study aims to produce capsule shells from breadfruit peel and determine the characteristics of the resulting capsule shells. Pectin was obtained by extracting breadfruit peel with acidified water to pH 1.5 at 80°C for 150 minutes. The capsule shells were formulated with pectin concentrations of 3% (F1), 6% (F2), and 9% (F3). The characteristics of the pectin obtained include an equivalent weight of 3168 mg, methoxyl content of 3.26%, and galacturonic acid content of 96.27%. The capsule shells produced from this pectin have the following characteristics: white color, not too hard texture, and odorless for F1; light brown color, slightly hard texture, and odorless for F2; dark brown color, hard texture, and odorless for F3. The size parameters (weight, total length, body diameter, and cap diameter) obtained were F1 (60 mg, 21.5 mm, 7.25 mm, 7.5 mm), F2 (70 mg, 22.07 mm, 7.125 mm, 7.5 mm), F3 (80 mg, 21.25 mm, 7.25 mm, 7.5 mm). The characteristics of the capsule shells that only meet Medisca standards are F3 (80 mg), and the total length, cap diameter, and body diameter of all three formulations do not meet Medisca standards. The disintegration time in all three formulations already meets the requirements set by the Indonesian Pharmacopoeia V edition, which is below 15 minutes.
Abstract: Capsule shells are commonly made of gelatin but can also be made from starch or other suitable materials. An alternative raw material to replace gelatin in capsule shell production is pectin. Natural sources containing pectin include breadfruit peel. This study aims to produce capsule shells from breadfruit peel and determine the characteristics of...
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Research Article
Formulation of Effervescent Granules Based on Calotropis procera Ait Powder (Apocynaceae) and Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides Lam (Rutaceae)
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, June 2025
Pages:
17-26
Received:
26 February 2025
Accepted:
12 March 2025
Published:
14 May 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.pst.20250901.13
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Abstract: Introduction: Sickle cell disease is a genetic disease that affects nearly 5% of the world's population and is particularly prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa. The inaccessibility of modern treatment has led to the development of a phytomedicine called FACA® in Burkina Faso. It is formulated in capsule form and contains a mixture of powdered root barks of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides and Calotropis procera. This study aims to propose an alternative, easier-to-administer form for patients who have difficulty swallowing capsules by developing effervescent granules. Materials and methods: Pre-formulation studies focused on analyzing the physicochemical and pharmaco-technical properties of the powder mixture. These included macroscopic and organoleptic aspects, pH, residual moisture content, hygroscopicity, granulometry, and flow. Effervescent granules were formulated and manufactured by the wet granulation method. Five formulations (F1-F5) were produced. Citric acid and sodium bicarbonate were used as effervescent vehicles at a ratio of 1:1.25. PVP was used as a binding agent, sucrose as a sweetener, and cornstarch as a diluent. The granulation liquid was distilled water. The granules produced were evaluated for their physicochemical properties and disintegration time. Results and discussion: the results of the physicochemical and pharmaco-technical characteristics guided the choice of excipients and the manufacturing process. The formulations were beige in color and granular in appearance. THR values were <10%, pH ranged from 5.20 ± 0.29 to 5.91 ± 0.17. They were more or less hygroscopic and presented good rheological properties with an effervescence time satisfying the specifications of the European Pharmacopoeia 11th edition. Conclusion: F4 formulation had the best characteristics and could serve as an alternative to capsules. Indeed, being dispersed in water before administration, these granules could be well tolerated by the gastrointestinal tract and promote a more rapid action of the drug at a time of crisis.
Abstract: Introduction: Sickle cell disease is a genetic disease that affects nearly 5% of the world's population and is particularly prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa. The inaccessibility of modern treatment has led to the development of a phytomedicine called FACA® in Burkina Faso. It is formulated in capsule form and contains a mixture of powdered root bark...
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