Vitamin D Deficiency Prevalence and Correlates in Patients Attending the Cardiology Clinic in a Tertiary Centre in Southern Nigeria

Dodiyi-Manuel Sotonye; Ajala Aisha Oluwabunmi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.cajph.20230901.15

| Peer-Reviewed

Vitamin D Deficiency Prevalence and Correlates in Patients Attending the Cardiology Clinic in a Tertiary Centre in Southern Nigeria

Dodiyi-Manuel Sotonye, Ajala Aisha Oluwabunmi

Published in Central African Journal of Public Health (Volume 9, Issue 1)

Received: 3 February 2023 Accepted: 21 February 2023 Published: 28 February 2023

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Background: Vitamin D is an important vitamin that helps in many bodily functions. Its deficiency has been found to play a role in cardiovascular diseases like hypertension, heart failure, ischemic heart disease etc. 1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D, the active metabolite of vitamin D, binds major receptors found in all the major cardiovascular cells including arteries and cardiomyocytes to exert its protective effects. Darker skinned individuals have been found to be more vitamin D deficient than their Caucasian counterparts. This study sought to determine the prevalence and correlates of vitamin insufficiency and deficiency among patients attending the cardiology clinic in a major referral centre in southern, Nigeria. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study of a total of 192 study participants attending the cardiology out-patient clinic of the university. Informed consent was sort, and a questionnaire administered to all recruited patients and blood drawn for vitamin D assay. Results: There were more female study participants 55.7% as compared with their male counterparts at 44.3%. Hypertension (62.0%) as well as diabetes (33.3%) were the most common co-morbidity in the participants. Vitamin D deficiency was found in 7.8% of the study participants and 24.5% of all participants had below normal serum Vitamin D concentration i.e. <30ng/ml. A statistically significant association was noticed between the presence of comorbidities and vitamin D deficiency (F=65.87; p=0.03). Inadequate consumption of red meat was also found to be associated with insufficient and deficient serum vitamin D level (P=0.009). Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency was found to be prevalent in patients attending the cariology out-patient clinic and linked with the presence of hypertension, hypertensive heart disease and diabetes mellitus. The need for dietary supplementation of Vitamin D should be of public health importance in not only paediatric population and maternal health, but the general adult population as well.

Published in	Central African Journal of Public Health (Volume 9, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.cajph.20230901.15
Page(s)	38-43
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Vitamin D, Deficiency, Cardiovascular, Insufficiency, Hypertension, Risk Factors

References

[1]	Norman PE, Powell JT. Vitamin D and Cardiovascular Disease. Circ Res [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2022 Oct 2]; 114 (2): 379–93. Available from: https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.113.301241
[2]	Bikle DD, Schwartz J. Vitamin D binding protein, total and free Vitamin D levels in different physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2019; 10 (MAY): 317.
[3]	Tsiaras WG, Weinstock MA. Factors influencing vitamin D status. Acta Derm Venereol. 2011 Mar; 91 (2): 115–24.
[4]	Lee JH, O’Keefe JH, Bell D, Hensrud DD, Holick MF. Vitamin D Deficiency: An Important, Common, and Easily Treatable Cardiovascular Risk Factor? J Am Coll Cardiol [Internet]. 2008 Dec 9 [cited 2022 Feb 1]; 52 (24): 1949–56. Available from: https://www.jacc.org/doi/10.1016/j.jacc.2008.08.050
[5]	Holick MF. Vitamin D Deficiency. https://doi.org/101056/NEJMra070553. 2007 Jul; 357 (3): 266–81.
[6]	Reddy Vanga S, Good M, Howard PA, Vacek JL. Role of Vitamin D in Cardiovascular Health. Am J Cardiol. 2010 Sep; 106 (6): 798–805.
[7]	Saponaro F, Marcocci C, Zucchi R. Vitamin D status and cardiovascular outcome. J Endocrinol Investig 2019 4211. 2019 Jun; 42 (11): 1285–90.
[8]	Does Solar Work Everywhere In Nigeria? - Solynta Energy.
[9]	Lee JH, Gadi R, Spertus JA, Tang F, O’Keefe JH. Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction. Am J Cardiol. 2011 Jun; 107 (11): 1636–8.
[10]	Burgaz A, Orsini N, Larsson SC, Wolk A. Blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and hypertension: A meta-analysis. J Hypertens [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2022 Oct 2]; 29 (4): 636–45. Available from: https://journals.lww.com/jhypertension/Fulltext/2011/04000/Blood_25_hydroxyvitamin_D_concentration_and.2.aspx
[11]	Pilz S, Tomaschitz A. Role of vitamin D in arterial hypertension. http://dx.doi.org/101586/erc10142 [Internet]. 2014 Nov [cited 2022 Oct 2]; 8 (11): 1599–608. Available from: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1586/erc.10.142
[12]	Green RJ, Samy G, Miqdady MS, El-Hodhod M, Akinyinka OO, Saleh G, et al. Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in Africa and the Middle East, despite year-round sunny days. SAMJ South African Med J. 2015 Jul; 105 (7): 603–5.
[13]	Riaz H, Finlayson AE, Bashir S, Hussain S, Mahmood S, Malik F, et al. Prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency in Pakistan and implications for the future. http://dx.doi.org/101586/1751243320161122519. 2016 Feb; 9 (2): 329–38.
[14]	Hovsepian S, Amini M, Aminorroaya A, Amini P, Iraj B. Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency among Adult Population of Isfahan City, Iran. J Health Popul Nutr. 2011; 29 (2): 149.
[15]	Glew RH, Crossey MJ, Polanams J, Okolie HI, VanderJagt DJ. Vitamin D Status of Seminomadic Fulani Men and Women. J Natl Med Assoc. 2010 Jun; 102 (6): 485–90.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Dodiyi-Manuel Sotonye, Ajala Aisha Oluwabunmi. (2023). Vitamin D Deficiency Prevalence and Correlates in Patients Attending the Cardiology Clinic in a Tertiary Centre in Southern Nigeria. Central African Journal of Public Health, 9(1), 38-43. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20230901.15

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Dodiyi-Manuel Sotonye; Ajala Aisha Oluwabunmi. Vitamin D Deficiency Prevalence and Correlates in Patients Attending the Cardiology Clinic in a Tertiary Centre in Southern Nigeria. Cent. Afr. J. Public Health 2023, 9(1), 38-43. doi: 10.11648/j.cajph.20230901.15

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Dodiyi-Manuel Sotonye, Ajala Aisha Oluwabunmi. Vitamin D Deficiency Prevalence and Correlates in Patients Attending the Cardiology Clinic in a Tertiary Centre in Southern Nigeria. Cent Afr J Public Health. 2023;9(1):38-43. doi: 10.11648/j.cajph.20230901.15

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.cajph.20230901.15,
  author = {Dodiyi-Manuel Sotonye and Ajala Aisha Oluwabunmi},
  title = {Vitamin D Deficiency Prevalence and Correlates in Patients Attending the Cardiology Clinic in a Tertiary Centre in Southern Nigeria},
  journal = {Central African Journal of Public Health},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {38-43},
  doi = {10.11648/j.cajph.20230901.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20230901.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cajph.20230901.15},
  abstract = {Background: Vitamin D is an important vitamin that helps in many bodily functions. Its deficiency has been found to play a role in cardiovascular diseases like hypertension, heart failure, ischemic heart disease etc. 1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D, the active metabolite of vitamin D, binds major receptors found in all the major cardiovascular cells including arteries and cardiomyocytes to exert its protective effects. Darker skinned individuals have been found to be more vitamin D deficient than their Caucasian counterparts. This study sought to determine the prevalence and correlates of vitamin insufficiency and deficiency among patients attending the cardiology clinic in a major referral centre in southern, Nigeria. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study of a total of 192 study participants attending the cardiology out-patient clinic of the university. Informed consent was sort, and a questionnaire administered to all recruited patients and blood drawn for vitamin D assay. Results: There were more female study participants 55.7% as compared with their male counterparts at 44.3%. Hypertension (62.0%) as well as diabetes (33.3%) were the most common co-morbidity in the participants. Vitamin D deficiency was found in 7.8% of the study participants and 24.5% of all participants had below normal serum Vitamin D concentration i.e. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency was found to be prevalent in patients attending the cariology out-patient clinic and linked with the presence of hypertension, hypertensive heart disease and diabetes mellitus. The need for dietary supplementation of Vitamin D should be of public health importance in not only paediatric population and maternal health, but the general adult population as well.},
 year = {2023}
}

Copy | Download

TY - JOUR
T1 - Vitamin D Deficiency Prevalence and Correlates in Patients Attending the Cardiology Clinic in a Tertiary Centre in Southern Nigeria
AU - Dodiyi-Manuel Sotonye
AU - Ajala Aisha Oluwabunmi
Y1 - 2023/02/28
PY - 2023
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20230901.15
DO - 10.11648/j.cajph.20230901.15
T2 - Central African Journal of Public Health
JF - Central African Journal of Public Health
JO - Central African Journal of Public Health
SP - 38
EP - 43
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2575-5781
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20230901.15
AB - Background: Vitamin D is an important vitamin that helps in many bodily functions. Its deficiency has been found to play a role in cardiovascular diseases like hypertension, heart failure, ischemic heart disease etc. 1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D, the active metabolite of vitamin D, binds major receptors found in all the major cardiovascular cells including arteries and cardiomyocytes to exert its protective effects. Darker skinned individuals have been found to be more vitamin D deficient than their Caucasian counterparts. This study sought to determine the prevalence and correlates of vitamin insufficiency and deficiency among patients attending the cardiology clinic in a major referral centre in southern, Nigeria. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study of a total of 192 study participants attending the cardiology out-patient clinic of the university. Informed consent was sort, and a questionnaire administered to all recruited patients and blood drawn for vitamin D assay. Results: There were more female study participants 55.7% as compared with their male counterparts at 44.3%. Hypertension (62.0%) as well as diabetes (33.3%) were the most common co-morbidity in the participants. Vitamin D deficiency was found in 7.8% of the study participants and 24.5% of all participants had below normal serum Vitamin D concentration i.e. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency was found to be prevalent in patients attending the cariology out-patient clinic and linked with the presence of hypertension, hypertensive heart disease and diabetes mellitus. The need for dietary supplementation of Vitamin D should be of public health importance in not only paediatric population and maternal health, but the general adult population as well.
VL - 9
IS - 1
ER -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Dodiyi-Manuel Sotonye

Department of Internal Medicine, University of Port-harcourt Teaching Hospital, Rivers, Nigeria
Ajala Aisha Oluwabunmi

Department of Internal Medicine, University of Port-harcourt Teaching Hospital, Rivers, Nigeria

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Dodiyi-Manuel Sotonye, Ajala Aisha Oluwabunmi. (2023). Vitamin D Deficiency Prevalence and Correlates in Patients Attending the Cardiology Clinic in a Tertiary Centre in Southern Nigeria. Central African Journal of Public Health, 9(1), 38-43. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20230901.15

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Dodiyi-Manuel Sotonye; Ajala Aisha Oluwabunmi. Vitamin D Deficiency Prevalence and Correlates in Patients Attending the Cardiology Clinic in a Tertiary Centre in Southern Nigeria. Cent. Afr. J. Public Health 2023, 9(1), 38-43. doi: 10.11648/j.cajph.20230901.15

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Dodiyi-Manuel Sotonye, Ajala Aisha Oluwabunmi. Vitamin D Deficiency Prevalence and Correlates in Patients Attending the Cardiology Clinic in a Tertiary Centre in Southern Nigeria. Cent Afr J Public Health. 2023;9(1):38-43. doi: 10.11648/j.cajph.20230901.15

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.cajph.20230901.15,
  author = {Dodiyi-Manuel Sotonye and Ajala Aisha Oluwabunmi},
  title = {Vitamin D Deficiency Prevalence and Correlates in Patients Attending the Cardiology Clinic in a Tertiary Centre in Southern Nigeria},
  journal = {Central African Journal of Public Health},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {38-43},
  doi = {10.11648/j.cajph.20230901.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20230901.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cajph.20230901.15},
  abstract = {Background: Vitamin D is an important vitamin that helps in many bodily functions. Its deficiency has been found to play a role in cardiovascular diseases like hypertension, heart failure, ischemic heart disease etc. 1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D, the active metabolite of vitamin D, binds major receptors found in all the major cardiovascular cells including arteries and cardiomyocytes to exert its protective effects. Darker skinned individuals have been found to be more vitamin D deficient than their Caucasian counterparts. This study sought to determine the prevalence and correlates of vitamin insufficiency and deficiency among patients attending the cardiology clinic in a major referral centre in southern, Nigeria. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study of a total of 192 study participants attending the cardiology out-patient clinic of the university. Informed consent was sort, and a questionnaire administered to all recruited patients and blood drawn for vitamin D assay. Results: There were more female study participants 55.7% as compared with their male counterparts at 44.3%. Hypertension (62.0%) as well as diabetes (33.3%) were the most common co-morbidity in the participants. Vitamin D deficiency was found in 7.8% of the study participants and 24.5% of all participants had below normal serum Vitamin D concentration i.e. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency was found to be prevalent in patients attending the cariology out-patient clinic and linked with the presence of hypertension, hypertensive heart disease and diabetes mellitus. The need for dietary supplementation of Vitamin D should be of public health importance in not only paediatric population and maternal health, but the general adult population as well.},
 year = {2023}
}

Copy | Download