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Determinants of Childbearing Age Women's Reliance on Skilled Birth in Benin: Secondary Data Analysis Based on the Fifth Demographic and Health SurveyA
Talon Pascaline Yvonne,
Saizonou Zinsou Jacques,
Kpozehouen Alphonse,
Gaffan Nicolas,
Akouta Merveille,
Ouendo Edgard-Marius
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, February 2023
Pages:
1-11
Received:
22 November 2022
Accepted:
20 December 2022
Published:
17 January 2023
Abstract: Recourse to skilled birth attendance is known for contributing to a better outcome of pregnancy and childbirth. The purpose of this study was to examine the determinants of skilled birth attendance in Benin. This was a cross-sectional study that involved performing a secondary analysis using data from the fifth Demographic and Health Survey. The study population was women of childbearing age successfully surveyed, usually residing in the households visited, and having had at least one live birth in the five years preceding the survey. The dependent variable was the assistance of a skilled attendant for the last delivery (Yes vs. No). Woman, household, and environmental characteristics were also entered. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify the factors that determine births attended by skilled professionals. Overall, 8,816 women were included in the study. Of the women surveyed, 79.39% (95% CI = 77.25-81.38) had delivered with the assistance of a skilled attendant at the end of their last pregnancy. Women aged 30-39 years (aOR = 1.33; 95% CI = 1.09-1.62), with secondary education and above (aOR = 1.34; 95% CI = 1.03-1.75), single (aOR = 1.35; 95% CI = 1.02-1.78), Christian (aOR = 1.97; 95% CI = 1.50-2.58), and professionally active (aOR = 1.27; 95% CI = 1.00-1.60) were more likely to give birth assisted by skilled attendants than, respectively, women aged 40-49 years, with no formal education, in couples, with no religion, and with no work activity, respectively. Similarly, primiparous women (aOR = 1.35; 95% CI = 1.04-1.74) and those who observed antenatal consultations (aOR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.50-2.23) were more likely to have skilled attendants at delivery than multiparous women and those who did not observe antenatal consultations, respectively. The odds of delivering with skilled attendance were significantly higher for women living in households of 1-5 persons (aOR = 1.22; 95% CI = 1.03-1.44) and wealthy (aOR = 4.79; 95% CI = 2.93-7.85) compared to women living in households of more than five persons and poor, respectively. In addition, disparities related to county of residence were observed. Interventions targeting older women, strengthening education, information and communication, antenatal consultation compliance, women's economic empowerment, and poverty reduction, including addressing geographic disparities, are needed to increase the use of skilled birth attendance by pregnant women.
Abstract: Recourse to skilled birth attendance is known for contributing to a better outcome of pregnancy and childbirth. The purpose of this study was to examine the determinants of skilled birth attendance in Benin. This was a cross-sectional study that involved performing a secondary analysis using data from the fifth Demographic and Health Survey. The st...
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Prevalence and Factors Associated with "Zero-Dose" in Children 12 to 23 Months in Togo
Nyulelen Toyi Mangbassim,
Alphonse Kpozehouen,
Jacques Zinsou Saizonou,
Nicolas Gaffan
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, February 2023
Pages:
12-21
Received:
4 January 2023
Accepted:
25 January 2023
Published:
9 February 2023
Abstract: One of the priorities of the Immunization Agenda 2030 is to identify “zero-dose” children, and to adapt strategies in order to recover them. The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of “zero-dose” in children aged 12-23 months and determine the associated factors in Togo. This was a cross-sectional study which consisted in carrying out secondary analyzes of the databases of the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey conducted in Togo in 2017. This study population consisted of children aged 12-23 months that had been successfully investigated during this survey. The dependent variable was the child's vaccination status (0 ="Vaccinated" vs 1 ="Zero-dose"). As for the explanatory variables, they were related to the child, the child’s mother, the household and the environment. Geospatial analyzes of child prevalence at “zero-dose” were performed using Arc GIS 10.5 software. Factors associated with “zero-dose” were identified through multivariate logistic regression. A total of 933 children under five were included in the study. The prevalence of “zero-dose” in children aged 12-23 months was 26.88% (95% CI= 23.50-30.55). We note that the factors associated with "zero-dose" in children aged 12-23 months in Togo were: the birth order of the child, the age, the level of education, the ethnicity, the religion of the head of household and the region of residence. Finally, our results can guide efforts to identify and reach children who have not received any vaccine. “Zero-dose” children can be avoided by joint interventions by the competent authorities at different levels, in particular parents, government authorities and technical and financial partners.
Abstract: One of the priorities of the Immunization Agenda 2030 is to identify “zero-dose” children, and to adapt strategies in order to recover them. The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of “zero-dose” in children aged 12-23 months and determine the associated factors in Togo. This was a cross-sectional study which consisted in carrying out secondary ...
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Malaria Among Pregnant Women in Bossaso City, Somalia: Cross Sectional Study Design
Abdirahman Jama,
Abdulahi Abdiwali,
Tesfaye Assebe
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, February 2023
Pages:
22-29
Received:
4 December 2022
Accepted:
4 January 2023
Published:
27 February 2023
Abstract: Malaria is a protozoan-caused parasitic infection of the genus Plasmodium. Approximately 25 million pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa live at risk of Malaria. This study aims to address the prevalence of Malaria and its associated factors among pregnant women in Bossaso, Somalia. A health institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 422 pregnant women in Bossaso General Hospital (BGH) using an interview-administered questionnaire and malaria diagnosis confirmation, which was done on microscope-based laboratory techniques. The collected data were analyzed. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were employed to identify factors associated with Malaria. The overall prevalence of Malaria was found to be 20.9% [95%CI (15.9%, 25.9%)]. Of these, 64 (75.3%), 19 (22.4%), and 2 (2.4%) were caused by Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, and mixed infection, respectively. The factors like the presence of water pond sites around the house or vicinity [AOR= 6.5, 95% CI (1.6, 20.5)] and always using insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) [AOR=0.1, 95%CI (0.01, 0.88)] were found to be significantly associated with Malaria during pregnancy. The prevalence of Malaria among pregnant women in the study area was found to be high; Thus, this study emphasized the need to provide health education and consultation to pregnant women on the appropriate malaria preventive methods and continue strengthening other interventions.
Abstract: Malaria is a protozoan-caused parasitic infection of the genus Plasmodium. Approximately 25 million pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa live at risk of Malaria. This study aims to address the prevalence of Malaria and its associated factors among pregnant women in Bossaso, Somalia. A health institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted amo...
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Epidemiological, Clinical and Lifestyle Profile of Patients Diagnosed with Oral Cancer in Senegal
Dieng Amadou,
Ndiaye Mouhamadou Makhtar,
Faye Ababacar Diegane,
Ba Ndeye Dior Fall,
Seck Khadim,
Diop Gora,
Diouf Massamba
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, February 2023
Pages:
30-37
Received:
8 January 2023
Accepted:
9 February 2023
Published:
27 February 2023
Abstract: Oral cavity cancers (OCC) are malignant tumours that develop from tissues of buccal cavities. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical and lifestyle profile of patients diagnosed with OCC in Senegal. A multicentre cross-sectional study of 45 patients was conducted. Patients aged 18 years and older with histologically confirmed lesions of the oral cavity were included in the study. Data were collected on socio-demographic characteristics, clinical and para-clinical aspects, and lifestyle habits of the OCC patients. A survey directly administered to patients was used. Data entry was performed with Epi 7.2 software and descriptive analysis with Stata 17/IC. More than half (55.56%) of the patients were female. The average age was 53.09±16.80 years. The hospital university Aristide Le Dantec accounted for 55.56% of the study participants. More than 4/5 of the patients had come on their own to a consultation for an objective clinical symptomatology. The average size of lesions was 6.66±3.3 centimetres. More than 2/3 were diagnosed in the advanced stage. Less than 40% of patients had a diet rich in fruits and vegetables. Nearly 65% admitted to having oral sexual activity. The data from this study show that the profile of patients diagnosed with OCC is 50 years old, predominantly female, and not a consumer of known risk factors.
Abstract: Oral cavity cancers (OCC) are malignant tumours that develop from tissues of buccal cavities. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical and lifestyle profile of patients diagnosed with OCC in Senegal. A multicentre cross-sectional study of 45 patients was conducted. Patients aged 18 years and older with histologicall...
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Vitamin D Deficiency Prevalence and Correlates in Patients Attending the Cardiology Clinic in a Tertiary Centre in Southern Nigeria
Dodiyi-Manuel Sotonye,
Ajala Aisha Oluwabunmi
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, February 2023
Pages:
38-43
Received:
3 February 2023
Accepted:
21 February 2023
Published:
28 February 2023
Abstract: Background: Vitamin D is an important vitamin that helps in many bodily functions. Its deficiency has been found to play a role in cardiovascular diseases like hypertension, heart failure, ischemic heart disease etc. 1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D, the active metabolite of vitamin D, binds major receptors found in all the major cardiovascular cells including arteries and cardiomyocytes to exert its protective effects. Darker skinned individuals have been found to be more vitamin D deficient than their Caucasian counterparts. This study sought to determine the prevalence and correlates of vitamin insufficiency and deficiency among patients attending the cardiology clinic in a major referral centre in southern, Nigeria. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study of a total of 192 study participants attending the cardiology out-patient clinic of the university. Informed consent was sort, and a questionnaire administered to all recruited patients and blood drawn for vitamin D assay. Results: There were more female study participants 55.7% as compared with their male counterparts at 44.3%. Hypertension (62.0%) as well as diabetes (33.3%) were the most common co-morbidity in the participants. Vitamin D deficiency was found in 7.8% of the study participants and 24.5% of all participants had below normal serum Vitamin D concentration i.e. <30ng/ml. A statistically significant association was noticed between the presence of comorbidities and vitamin D deficiency (F=65.87; p=0.03). Inadequate consumption of red meat was also found to be associated with insufficient and deficient serum vitamin D level (P=0.009). Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency was found to be prevalent in patients attending the cariology out-patient clinic and linked with the presence of hypertension, hypertensive heart disease and diabetes mellitus. The need for dietary supplementation of Vitamin D should be of public health importance in not only paediatric population and maternal health, but the general adult population as well.
Abstract: Background: Vitamin D is an important vitamin that helps in many bodily functions. Its deficiency has been found to play a role in cardiovascular diseases like hypertension, heart failure, ischemic heart disease etc. 1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D, the active metabolite of vitamin D, binds major receptors found in all the major cardiovascular cells incl...
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