ESD Operators: Roles and Duties for the Environmental Monitoring Activities of ARPA Puglia

Costantino Gaetano; Dalle Mura Ilaria; De Gioia Michele; Strippoli Giuseppe; Ungaro Nicola; Gramegna Domenico

doi:doi:10.11648/j.earth.20211004.15

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ESD Operators: Roles and Duties for the Environmental Monitoring Activities of ARPA Puglia

Costantino Gaetano, Dalle Mura Ilaria, De Gioia Michele, Strippoli Giuseppe, Ungaro Nicola, Gramegna Domenico

Published in Earth Sciences (Volume 10, Issue 4)

Received: 21 May 2021 Accepted: 11 June 2021 Published: 31 August 2021

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Abstract

ARPA Puglia (Italy), the Regional Agency for the Environmental Prevention and Protection, has chosen to use the Scientific Diving Operator figure (ESD) in order to meet some of the environmental monitoring activities foreseen by European Directives, such as WFD-Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC and the MSFD-Marine Strategy Framework Directive 2008/56/EC. Regarding the environmental monitoring obligations of the aforementioned Directives, many of them involve underwater operations. For example, both Directives (MSFD and WFD) require Posidonia oceanica monitoring in situ, by collecting data on shoot density and other eco-biometric parameters, also describing the main ecological aspect of seagrass meadows; about Pinna nobilis, the visual census of its distribution and abundance is carried out underwater; the non-indigenous species census provided by MSFD requires the qualitative and quantitative sampling of the benthic communities of hard bottoms in harbors performed by a scratching technique. All the described activities need operations by ESDs, so ARPA Puglia developed a path for the implementation of good practices on the subject: adopting the national Guide Lines "Good practices for the safe performance of the underwater activities” (ISPRA manual n. 94/2013; D.D.G. n.229/2016); identifying the diving equipment as Personal Protective Equipment (PPE); allowing the acquisition or renewal of ESD scientific license for the operational staff; allowing the annual medical check-up for the ESD operational staff; opening of a national call in order to acquire specialized figures, selected according to ESD Panel standards. Details of environmental monitoring activities carried out by ARPA Puglia ESDs are described in this document.

Published in	Earth Sciences (Volume 10, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.earth.20211004.15
Page(s)	180-188
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

European Scientific Diver, European Scientific Panel, ARPA Puglia, Environmental Agencies, Underwater Scientific Activities, Pinna nobilis, Posidonia Oceanica, Not Indigenous Species

References

[1]	Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy.
[2]	Directive 2006/7/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 February 2006 concerning the management of bathing water quality and repealing Directive 76/160/EEC.
[3]	Consolidated text: Directive 2008/56/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 June 2008 establishing a framework for community action in the field of marine environmental policy (Marine Strategy Framework Directive) (Text with EEA relevance).
[4]	Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora.
[5]	(ISPRA Manuali e linee guida 94/2013 ISBN: 978-88-448-0625-5).
[6]	Airoldi, L., 2003. The effects of sedimentation on rocky coastal assemblages. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev. 41: 161-203.
[7]	Cicero A. M., Di Girolamo I. (Ed), 2001 Metodologie analitiche di riferimento del Programma di Monitoraggio dell’ambiente marino costiero (Triennio 2001-2003). Roma, Ministero dell’Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio, ICRAM.
[8]	Bavestrello, G., F. Boero, R. Cattaneo-Vietti, C. Cerrano & M. Sarà, 1995. Competizione e cooperazione intraspecifica nell’occupazione del substrato: organismi incrostanti e arborescenti. Atti 56° Congresso UZI: 121.
[9]	OSHA – Occupational Safety and Health Administration – standard regulation n. 1910.424.
[10]	Moreno D., Aguilera P., Castro H., 2001. Assessment of the conservation status of seagrass (Posidonia oceanica) meadows: implications for monitoring strategy and the decision-making process. Biological Conservation 102, 325 - 332.
[11]	Pergent G., 1990. Lepidochronological analysis of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile: A standardised approach. Aquatic Botany 57, 39-54.
[12]	Buia M. C., Gambi M. C., Dappiano M. 2003. I sistemi a fanerogame marine. In: Gambi M. C., Dappiano M. (Editors). Manuale di Metodologie di campionamento e studio del benthos marino mediterraneo. Biol. Mar. Med, 19 (Suppl.): 145-198.
[13]	Kersting, D., Benabdi, M., Čižmek, H., Grau, A., Jimenez, C., Katsanevakis, S., Öztürk, B., Tuncer, S., Tunesi, L., Vázquez-Luis, M., Vicente, N. & Otero Villanueva, M., Pinna nobilis, su IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Versione 2020.2, IUCN, 2020.
[14]	Butler, A., Vicente, N., De Gaulejac, B. (1993). Ecology of the pterioid bivalves P. nobilis bicolor Gmelin and P. nobilis L. Marine Life, 3 (1–2), 37–45.
[15]	Katsanevakis S., 2005. Population ecology of the endangered fan mussel Pinna nobilis in a marine lake. ESR 1: 51-59
[16]	Rotter A, Klun K, Francé J, Mozetič P and Orlando-Bonaca M (2020) Non-indigenous Species in the Mediterranean Sea: Turning From Pest to Source by Developing the 8Rs Model, a New Paradigm in Pollution Mitigation. Front. Mar. Sci. 7:178.
[17]	von Ammon, U., Wood, S. A., Laroche, O., Zaiko, A., Tait, L., Lavery, S., et al. (2018). Combining morpho-taxonomy and metabarcoding enhances the detection of non-indigenous marine pests in biofouling communities. Sci. Rep. 8:16290
[18]	Boudouresque, C. F., 1971. Méthodes d'étude qualitative et quantitative du benthos (en particulier du phytobenthos). Tethys 3: 79-104.

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Costantino Gaetano, Dalle Mura Ilaria, De Gioia Michele, Strippoli Giuseppe, Ungaro Nicola, et al. (2021). ESD Operators: Roles and Duties for the Environmental Monitoring Activities of ARPA Puglia. Earth Sciences, 10(4), 180-188. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20211004.15

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ACS Style

Costantino Gaetano; Dalle Mura Ilaria; De Gioia Michele; Strippoli Giuseppe; Ungaro Nicola, et al. ESD Operators: Roles and Duties for the Environmental Monitoring Activities of ARPA Puglia. Earth Sci. 2021, 10(4), 180-188. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20211004.15

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AMA Style

Costantino Gaetano, Dalle Mura Ilaria, De Gioia Michele, Strippoli Giuseppe, Ungaro Nicola, et al. ESD Operators: Roles and Duties for the Environmental Monitoring Activities of ARPA Puglia. Earth Sci. 2021;10(4):180-188. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20211004.15

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@article{10.11648/j.earth.20211004.15,
  author = {Costantino Gaetano and Dalle Mura Ilaria and De Gioia Michele and Strippoli Giuseppe and Ungaro Nicola and Gramegna Domenico},
  title = {ESD Operators: Roles and Duties for the Environmental Monitoring Activities of ARPA Puglia},
  journal = {Earth Sciences},
  volume = {10},
  number = {4},
  pages = {180-188},
  doi = {10.11648/j.earth.20211004.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20211004.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.earth.20211004.15},
  abstract = {ARPA Puglia (Italy), the Regional Agency for the Environmental Prevention and Protection, has chosen to use the Scientific Diving Operator figure (ESD) in order to meet some of the environmental monitoring activities foreseen by European Directives, such as WFD-Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC and the MSFD-Marine Strategy Framework Directive 2008/56/EC. Regarding the environmental monitoring obligations of the aforementioned Directives, many of them involve underwater operations. For example, both Directives (MSFD and WFD) require Posidonia oceanica monitoring in situ, by collecting data on shoot density and other eco-biometric parameters, also describing the main ecological aspect of seagrass meadows; about Pinna nobilis, the visual census of its distribution and abundance is carried out underwater; the non-indigenous species census provided by MSFD requires the qualitative and quantitative sampling of the benthic communities of hard bottoms in harbors performed by a scratching technique. All the described activities need operations by ESDs, so ARPA Puglia developed a path for the implementation of good practices on the subject: adopting the national Guide Lines "Good practices for the safe performance of the underwater activities” (ISPRA manual n. 94/2013; D.D.G. n.229/2016); identifying the diving equipment as Personal Protective Equipment (PPE); allowing the acquisition or renewal of ESD scientific license for the operational staff; allowing the annual medical check-up for the ESD operational staff; opening of a national call in order to acquire specialized figures, selected according to ESD Panel standards. Details of environmental monitoring activities carried out by ARPA Puglia ESDs are described in this document.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - ESD Operators: Roles and Duties for the Environmental Monitoring Activities of ARPA Puglia
AU  - Costantino Gaetano
AU  - Dalle Mura Ilaria
AU  - De Gioia Michele
AU  - Strippoli Giuseppe
AU  - Ungaro Nicola
AU  - Gramegna Domenico
Y1  - 2021/08/31
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20211004.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.earth.20211004.15
T2  - Earth Sciences
JF  - Earth Sciences
JO  - Earth Sciences
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EP  - 188
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5982
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20211004.15
AB  - ARPA Puglia (Italy), the Regional Agency for the Environmental Prevention and Protection, has chosen to use the Scientific Diving Operator figure (ESD) in order to meet some of the environmental monitoring activities foreseen by European Directives, such as WFD-Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC and the MSFD-Marine Strategy Framework Directive 2008/56/EC. Regarding the environmental monitoring obligations of the aforementioned Directives, many of them involve underwater operations. For example, both Directives (MSFD and WFD) require Posidonia oceanica monitoring in situ, by collecting data on shoot density and other eco-biometric parameters, also describing the main ecological aspect of seagrass meadows; about Pinna nobilis, the visual census of its distribution and abundance is carried out underwater; the non-indigenous species census provided by MSFD requires the qualitative and quantitative sampling of the benthic communities of hard bottoms in harbors performed by a scratching technique. All the described activities need operations by ESDs, so ARPA Puglia developed a path for the implementation of good practices on the subject: adopting the national Guide Lines "Good practices for the safe performance of the underwater activities” (ISPRA manual n. 94/2013; D.D.G. n.229/2016); identifying the diving equipment as Personal Protective Equipment (PPE); allowing the acquisition or renewal of ESD scientific license for the operational staff; allowing the annual medical check-up for the ESD operational staff; opening of a national call in order to acquire specialized figures, selected according to ESD Panel standards. Details of environmental monitoring activities carried out by ARPA Puglia ESDs are described in this document.
VL  - 10
IS  - 4
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Author Information

Costantino Gaetano

Agenzia Regionale Per la Protezione e la Prevenzione dell’Ambiente – Regione Puglia, Unità Operativa Complessa Ambienti Naturali- Centro Regionale Mare, Bari, Italy
Dalle Mura Ilaria

Agenzia Regionale Per la Protezione e la Prevenzione dell’Ambiente – Regione Puglia, Unità Operativa Complessa Ambienti Naturali- Centro Regionale Mare, Bari, Italy
De Gioia Michele

Agenzia Regionale Per la Protezione e la Prevenzione dell’Ambiente – Regione Puglia, Unità Operativa Complessa Ambienti Naturali- Centro Regionale Mare, Bari, Italy
Strippoli Giuseppe

Agenzia Regionale Per la Protezione e la Prevenzione dell’Ambiente – Regione Puglia, Unità Operativa Complessa Ambienti Naturali- Centro Regionale Mare, Bari, Italy
Ungaro Nicola

Agenzia Regionale Per la Protezione e la Prevenzione dell’Ambiente – Regione Puglia, Unità Operativa Complessa Ambienti Naturali- Centro Regionale Mare, Bari, Italy
Gramegna Domenico

Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione e la Prevenzione dell’Ambiente – Regione Puglia, Unità Operativa Complessa Centro Regionale Aria, Bari, Italy

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APA Style

Costantino Gaetano, Dalle Mura Ilaria, De Gioia Michele, Strippoli Giuseppe, Ungaro Nicola, et al. (2021). ESD Operators: Roles and Duties for the Environmental Monitoring Activities of ARPA Puglia. Earth Sciences, 10(4), 180-188. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20211004.15

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ACS Style

Costantino Gaetano; Dalle Mura Ilaria; De Gioia Michele; Strippoli Giuseppe; Ungaro Nicola, et al. ESD Operators: Roles and Duties for the Environmental Monitoring Activities of ARPA Puglia. Earth Sci. 2021, 10(4), 180-188. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20211004.15

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AMA Style

Costantino Gaetano, Dalle Mura Ilaria, De Gioia Michele, Strippoli Giuseppe, Ungaro Nicola, et al. ESD Operators: Roles and Duties for the Environmental Monitoring Activities of ARPA Puglia. Earth Sci. 2021;10(4):180-188. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20211004.15

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@article{10.11648/j.earth.20211004.15,
  author = {Costantino Gaetano and Dalle Mura Ilaria and De Gioia Michele and Strippoli Giuseppe and Ungaro Nicola and Gramegna Domenico},
  title = {ESD Operators: Roles and Duties for the Environmental Monitoring Activities of ARPA Puglia},
  journal = {Earth Sciences},
  volume = {10},
  number = {4},
  pages = {180-188},
  doi = {10.11648/j.earth.20211004.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20211004.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.earth.20211004.15},
  abstract = {ARPA Puglia (Italy), the Regional Agency for the Environmental Prevention and Protection, has chosen to use the Scientific Diving Operator figure (ESD) in order to meet some of the environmental monitoring activities foreseen by European Directives, such as WFD-Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC and the MSFD-Marine Strategy Framework Directive 2008/56/EC. Regarding the environmental monitoring obligations of the aforementioned Directives, many of them involve underwater operations. For example, both Directives (MSFD and WFD) require Posidonia oceanica monitoring in situ, by collecting data on shoot density and other eco-biometric parameters, also describing the main ecological aspect of seagrass meadows; about Pinna nobilis, the visual census of its distribution and abundance is carried out underwater; the non-indigenous species census provided by MSFD requires the qualitative and quantitative sampling of the benthic communities of hard bottoms in harbors performed by a scratching technique. All the described activities need operations by ESDs, so ARPA Puglia developed a path for the implementation of good practices on the subject: adopting the national Guide Lines "Good practices for the safe performance of the underwater activities” (ISPRA manual n. 94/2013; D.D.G. n.229/2016); identifying the diving equipment as Personal Protective Equipment (PPE); allowing the acquisition or renewal of ESD scientific license for the operational staff; allowing the annual medical check-up for the ESD operational staff; opening of a national call in order to acquire specialized figures, selected according to ESD Panel standards. Details of environmental monitoring activities carried out by ARPA Puglia ESDs are described in this document.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - ESD Operators: Roles and Duties for the Environmental Monitoring Activities of ARPA Puglia
AU  - Costantino Gaetano
AU  - Dalle Mura Ilaria
AU  - De Gioia Michele
AU  - Strippoli Giuseppe
AU  - Ungaro Nicola
AU  - Gramegna Domenico
Y1  - 2021/08/31
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20211004.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.earth.20211004.15
T2  - Earth Sciences
JF  - Earth Sciences
JO  - Earth Sciences
SP  - 180
EP  - 188
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5982
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20211004.15
AB  - ARPA Puglia (Italy), the Regional Agency for the Environmental Prevention and Protection, has chosen to use the Scientific Diving Operator figure (ESD) in order to meet some of the environmental monitoring activities foreseen by European Directives, such as WFD-Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC and the MSFD-Marine Strategy Framework Directive 2008/56/EC. Regarding the environmental monitoring obligations of the aforementioned Directives, many of them involve underwater operations. For example, both Directives (MSFD and WFD) require Posidonia oceanica monitoring in situ, by collecting data on shoot density and other eco-biometric parameters, also describing the main ecological aspect of seagrass meadows; about Pinna nobilis, the visual census of its distribution and abundance is carried out underwater; the non-indigenous species census provided by MSFD requires the qualitative and quantitative sampling of the benthic communities of hard bottoms in harbors performed by a scratching technique. All the described activities need operations by ESDs, so ARPA Puglia developed a path for the implementation of good practices on the subject: adopting the national Guide Lines "Good practices for the safe performance of the underwater activities” (ISPRA manual n. 94/2013; D.D.G. n.229/2016); identifying the diving equipment as Personal Protective Equipment (PPE); allowing the acquisition or renewal of ESD scientific license for the operational staff; allowing the annual medical check-up for the ESD operational staff; opening of a national call in order to acquire specialized figures, selected according to ESD Panel standards. Details of environmental monitoring activities carried out by ARPA Puglia ESDs are described in this document.
VL  - 10
IS  - 4
ER  -

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