Genetic Polymorphism and Personalized Medicine-Application in Metabolic Syndrome

Ri-Hyang Paek; Dae-Yong Jon; Hak-Chol Ri; Yong-Ju Gong

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijde.20170202.12

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Genetic Polymorphism and Personalized Medicine-Application in Metabolic Syndrome

Ri-Hyang Paek, Dae-Yong Jon, Hak-Chol Ri, Yong-Ju Gong

Published in International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology (Volume 2, Issue 2)

Received: 24 February 2017 Accepted: 1 April 2017 Published: 18 May 2017

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Abstract

To explore the associations between the phenotypes of metabolic syndrome and several genetic polymorphisms in the people of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, and to address the basic and practical problems that arise in carrying out the personalized medicine of metabolic syndrome. We analyzed the four phenotypes of metabolic syndrome including hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus and obesity by PCR. And we could select six genetic polymorphisms that are associated with more than three phenotypes (3 of 4 phenotypes including hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus and obesity) of metabolic syndrome; they are CMA (Chymase) A (-1903)G, GNB3(β3 subunit of G protein) C825T and C1429T, eNOS (Nitric oxide synthetase in the endothelium) 4a/4b and G894T, and MTHFR (Methylenetetra hydrofolate reductase) C677T. It shows that these can be the significant markers related with metabolic syndrome in the future. (It recommends future studies to support our conclusion) The typical genes associated with metabolic syndrome in the people of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea will be basic data for the personalized medicine in metabolic syndrome.

Published in	International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology (Volume 2, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijde.20170202.12
Page(s)	26-29
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Metabolic Syndrome, Genes, Personalized Medicine, Polymorphism

References

[1]	Alberti K. G. et al: The metabolic syndrome – A new worldwide definition. Lancet, 366, 1059 – 1062, 2005.
[2]	Cirulli E. T. et al: Uncovering the roles of rare variants in common disease through whole-genome sequencing, Nat. Rev. Genet., 11, 415-425, 2010.
[3]	Cornier M. A. et al: The metabolic syndrome. Endocr. Rev., 29, 777-822, 2008.
[4]	Eckel, R. H. et al: The metabolic syndrome. Lancet, 365, 1415–1428, 2005.
[5]	Flegal K. M. et al: Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults, 1999-2000. JAMA, 288-1723, 2002.
[6]	Hegele, R. A. et al: Genetic and physiological insights into the metabolic syndrome, Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol., 289, R663–R669, 2005.
[7]	Hunting F. et al: Genomic and personalized Medicine, Volume 1, ELSEVIER, 1161-1220, 2009.
[8]	Peaerson E. R. et al: Personalized medicine in diabetes: the role of ‘omics’ and biomarkers, DIABET. Med., 33, 712-71, 2016.
[9]	Genuth S. et al: Follow-up report on the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care, 26: 3160, 2003.
[10]	Grundy S. M. et al: Definition of metabolic syndrome report of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/American Heart Association conference on scientific issues related to definition. Circulation, 109: 433–8, 2004.
[11]	Papp A. C. et al: Single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping using allele-specific PCR and fluorescence melting curves, Biotechniques, 34: 1068, 2003.

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APA Style

Ri-Hyang Paek, Dae-Yong Jon, Hak-Chol Ri, Yong-Ju Gong. (2017). Genetic Polymorphism and Personalized Medicine-Application in Metabolic Syndrome. International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology, 2(2), 26-29. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijde.20170202.12

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ACS Style

Ri-Hyang Paek; Dae-Yong Jon; Hak-Chol Ri; Yong-Ju Gong. Genetic Polymorphism and Personalized Medicine-Application in Metabolic Syndrome. Int. J. Diabetes Endocrinol. 2017, 2(2), 26-29. doi: 10.11648/j.ijde.20170202.12

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AMA Style

Ri-Hyang Paek, Dae-Yong Jon, Hak-Chol Ri, Yong-Ju Gong. Genetic Polymorphism and Personalized Medicine-Application in Metabolic Syndrome. Int J Diabetes Endocrinol. 2017;2(2):26-29. doi: 10.11648/j.ijde.20170202.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijde.20170202.12,
  author = {Ri-Hyang Paek and Dae-Yong Jon and Hak-Chol Ri and Yong-Ju Gong},
  title = {Genetic Polymorphism and Personalized Medicine-Application in Metabolic Syndrome},
  journal = {International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology},
  volume = {2},
  number = {2},
  pages = {26-29},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijde.20170202.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijde.20170202.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijde.20170202.12},
  abstract = {To explore the associations between the phenotypes of metabolic syndrome and several genetic polymorphisms in the people of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, and to address the basic and practical problems that arise in carrying out the personalized medicine of metabolic syndrome. We analyzed the four phenotypes of metabolic syndrome including hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus and obesity by PCR. And we could select six genetic polymorphisms that are associated with more than three phenotypes (3 of 4 phenotypes including hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus and obesity) of metabolic syndrome; they are CMA (Chymase) A (-1903)G, GNB3(β3 subunit of G protein) C825T and C1429T, eNOS (Nitric oxide synthetase in the endothelium) 4a/4b and G894T, and MTHFR (Methylenetetra hydrofolate reductase) C677T. It shows that these can be the significant markers related with metabolic syndrome in the future. (It recommends future studies to support our conclusion) The typical genes associated with metabolic syndrome in the people of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea will be basic data for the personalized medicine in metabolic syndrome.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Genetic Polymorphism and Personalized Medicine-Application in Metabolic Syndrome
AU  - Ri-Hyang Paek
AU  - Dae-Yong Jon
AU  - Hak-Chol Ri
AU  - Yong-Ju Gong
Y1  - 2017/05/18
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijde.20170202.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijde.20170202.12
T2  - International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology
JF  - International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology
JO  - International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology
SP  - 26
EP  - 29
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-1371
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijde.20170202.12
AB  - To explore the associations between the phenotypes of metabolic syndrome and several genetic polymorphisms in the people of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, and to address the basic and practical problems that arise in carrying out the personalized medicine of metabolic syndrome. We analyzed the four phenotypes of metabolic syndrome including hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus and obesity by PCR. And we could select six genetic polymorphisms that are associated with more than three phenotypes (3 of 4 phenotypes including hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus and obesity) of metabolic syndrome; they are CMA (Chymase) A (-1903)G, GNB3(β3 subunit of G protein) C825T and C1429T, eNOS (Nitric oxide synthetase in the endothelium) 4a/4b and G894T, and MTHFR (Methylenetetra hydrofolate reductase) C677T. It shows that these can be the significant markers related with metabolic syndrome in the future. (It recommends future studies to support our conclusion) The typical genes associated with metabolic syndrome in the people of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea will be basic data for the personalized medicine in metabolic syndrome.
VL  - 2
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Ri-Hyang Paek

Pyongyang Medical College, Kim Il Sung University, Pyongyang, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
Dae-Yong Jon

Pyongyang Medical College, Kim Il Sung University, Pyongyang, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
Hak-Chol Ri

Pyongyang Medical College, Kim Il Sung University, Pyongyang, Democratic People’s Republic of KoreaPyongyang Medical College, Kim Il Sung University, Pyongyang, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
Yong-Ju Gong

Pyongyang Medical College, Kim Il Sung University, Pyongyang, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea

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APA Style

Ri-Hyang Paek, Dae-Yong Jon, Hak-Chol Ri, Yong-Ju Gong. (2017). Genetic Polymorphism and Personalized Medicine-Application in Metabolic Syndrome. International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology, 2(2), 26-29. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijde.20170202.12

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ACS Style

Ri-Hyang Paek; Dae-Yong Jon; Hak-Chol Ri; Yong-Ju Gong. Genetic Polymorphism and Personalized Medicine-Application in Metabolic Syndrome. Int. J. Diabetes Endocrinol. 2017, 2(2), 26-29. doi: 10.11648/j.ijde.20170202.12

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AMA Style

Ri-Hyang Paek, Dae-Yong Jon, Hak-Chol Ri, Yong-Ju Gong. Genetic Polymorphism and Personalized Medicine-Application in Metabolic Syndrome. Int J Diabetes Endocrinol. 2017;2(2):26-29. doi: 10.11648/j.ijde.20170202.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijde.20170202.12,
  author = {Ri-Hyang Paek and Dae-Yong Jon and Hak-Chol Ri and Yong-Ju Gong},
  title = {Genetic Polymorphism and Personalized Medicine-Application in Metabolic Syndrome},
  journal = {International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology},
  volume = {2},
  number = {2},
  pages = {26-29},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijde.20170202.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijde.20170202.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijde.20170202.12},
  abstract = {To explore the associations between the phenotypes of metabolic syndrome and several genetic polymorphisms in the people of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, and to address the basic and practical problems that arise in carrying out the personalized medicine of metabolic syndrome. We analyzed the four phenotypes of metabolic syndrome including hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus and obesity by PCR. And we could select six genetic polymorphisms that are associated with more than three phenotypes (3 of 4 phenotypes including hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus and obesity) of metabolic syndrome; they are CMA (Chymase) A (-1903)G, GNB3(β3 subunit of G protein) C825T and C1429T, eNOS (Nitric oxide synthetase in the endothelium) 4a/4b and G894T, and MTHFR (Methylenetetra hydrofolate reductase) C677T. It shows that these can be the significant markers related with metabolic syndrome in the future. (It recommends future studies to support our conclusion) The typical genes associated with metabolic syndrome in the people of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea will be basic data for the personalized medicine in metabolic syndrome.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Genetic Polymorphism and Personalized Medicine-Application in Metabolic Syndrome
AU  - Ri-Hyang Paek
AU  - Dae-Yong Jon
AU  - Hak-Chol Ri
AU  - Yong-Ju Gong
Y1  - 2017/05/18
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijde.20170202.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijde.20170202.12
T2  - International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology
JF  - International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology
JO  - International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology
SP  - 26
EP  - 29
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-1371
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijde.20170202.12
AB  - To explore the associations between the phenotypes of metabolic syndrome and several genetic polymorphisms in the people of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, and to address the basic and practical problems that arise in carrying out the personalized medicine of metabolic syndrome. We analyzed the four phenotypes of metabolic syndrome including hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus and obesity by PCR. And we could select six genetic polymorphisms that are associated with more than three phenotypes (3 of 4 phenotypes including hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus and obesity) of metabolic syndrome; they are CMA (Chymase) A (-1903)G, GNB3(β3 subunit of G protein) C825T and C1429T, eNOS (Nitric oxide synthetase in the endothelium) 4a/4b and G894T, and MTHFR (Methylenetetra hydrofolate reductase) C677T. It shows that these can be the significant markers related with metabolic syndrome in the future. (It recommends future studies to support our conclusion) The typical genes associated with metabolic syndrome in the people of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea will be basic data for the personalized medicine in metabolic syndrome.
VL  - 2
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download