Introduction: Chronic viral hepatitis remain a public health problem worldwide. Being the seventh leading cause of the deaths, it accounts for 1.4 million deaths annually, with 47% related to hepatitis B and 48% to hepatitis C. In Cameroon, screening for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is mandatory by the sixth month of pregnancy. This study aimed at evaluating the carriage rate of HBsAg among pupils in the south region, 10 years after the introduction of the pentavalent vaccine in the expanded immunization programme. Material and methods: This study was conducted in schools in Ebolowa (and its neighborhoods), south of Cameroon, during the five months period from November 1st 2015 to March 17th 2016. Eight schools were randomly selected. All children less than 10 years old were enrolled in our study. Children not meeting our selection criteria, or whose data forms were appropriately filled were excluded. Sampling was done by a laboratory technician of the Ebolowa regional hospital and transferred to the laboratory of the Yaounde University Teaching Hospital for analysis. Data was analyzed using the Epi info software. Results: A total of 471 pupils met our selection criteria with a male to female ration of 0.94 (243 females against 228 males). Five children were HBsAg positive, giving an overall prevalence of 1.06%. Among the 471 pupils, only 166 were appropriately vaccinated as per the extended immunization programme, yielding 35.24% coverage. Conclusion: Despite the low immunization coverage rate, there is a positive impact on the prevalence of hepatitis B among children. Everything being equal, improving the immunization coverage as per the EPI will certainly yield lower rates of infection among children, and thus in the long run, within the general population.
| Published in | International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy (Volume 5, Issue 3) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ijidt.20200503.19 |
| Page(s) | 88-91 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Carriage Rate, Hepatitis B, Infants, Vaccination, Ebolowa
| [1] | https://www.who.int/hepatitis/publications/global-hepatitis-report2017-executive-summary/fr/ (7 janvier 2020). |
| [2] | World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific Regional Action Plan for Viral Hepatitis in the Western Pacific 2016–2020: a priority action plan for awareness, surveillance, prevention and treatment of viral hepatitis in the Western Pacific Region In: World Health Organization. ed. Manila: WHO; 2016. |
| [3] | Sogni P. Hepatites virales et grossesse. Hepato Gastro 2013; 20: 595-600. doi: 10.1684/hpg.2013.0923 sciences biomédicales; 2006. |
| [4] | Prabdial-Sing N, Makhathini L, Smit SB, Manamela MJ, Motaze NV, Cohen C et al. Hepatitis B sero-prevalence in children under 15 years of age in South Africa using residual samples from community-based febrile rash surveillance. PLoS One. 2019 May 31; 14 (5): e0217415. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217415. eCollection 2019. |
| [5] | Fortuin M, Chotard J, Jack AD, Maine NP, Mendy M, Hall AJ, Inskip HM, George MO, Whittle HC. Efficacy of hepatitis B vaccine in the Gambian expanded programme on immunisation. Lancet; 1993 May 1; 341 (8853): 1129-31. |
| [6] | https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/cm.html (18 février 2020). |
| [7] | Shao Xiaoping, Wu Chenggang, Wangfu Zhen, Liang Jian Xie Xin Zhu Qi Liu Jun Hu Pei Quan Qiu. 2013 County, province of three Guangdong children aged 1 to 14 investigations HBV serological analysis. Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2015, 49 (09): 777-781. |
| [8] | Ximenes RA, Figueiredo GM, Cardoso MR, Stein AT, Moreira RC, Coral G, et al. Enquête multicentrique basée sur l’infection de l’hépatite B et facteurs de risque dans les régions du Nord, du Sud, du Sud - Est et du Brésil, 10-20 ans après le début de la vaccination. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2015 décembre; 93 (6): 1341-8. |
| [9] | Yen HN, et al. Hepatitis B Infection by the virus in children and adolescents in a hyperendemic area: 15 years after mass hepatitis B immunization. Ann Intern Med. 2001; 135 (9): 796-800. |
| [10] | Magoni M, Ekra KD, Aka LN, Sita KS, Kanga K. Effectiveness of vaccination against hepatitis B in Côte d'Ivoire: the case of the health district Grand Bassam. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 2009 Sep; 103 (6): 519-27. |
| [11] | Iman J, et al. Efficacy of hepatitis B vaccination in Egypt program: national project Multicenter. Monde J Hepatol. Monde J Hepatol. 8 October 2015; 7 (22): 2418-2426. 53. |
| [12] | Al-Faleh FZ, Al-Jeffri M, Ramia S, Al-Rashed. Seroepidemiology of hepatitis virus infection B in Saudi children 8 years after a vaccination program against hepatitis B of mass. J Infect. 1999 May; 38 (3): 167-70. |
| [13] | http://www.invs.sante.fr/publications/2005/analyse_descriptive_140205/rapport_analyse_descriptive.pdf (09 mars 2020). |
| [14] | Eloumou Bagnaka SAF, Noah Noah D, Ngaba GP, Luma Namme H, Adiogo D et al. Statut Vaccinal Contre le Virus de l’Hépatite Virale B et Portage de l’Antigène Hbs chez les Etudiants en Médecine et en Pharmacie de l’Université de Douala au Cameroun. Health Sci. Dis: Vol 15 (2) April-May-June 2014: 2-5. |
APA Style
Noah Noah Dominique, Eloumou Servais Albert Fiacre, Nsenga Djapa Guy Roger, Ze Meka Louis Philippe, Tayou Tagny Claude. (2020). Seroprevalence of Chronic Viral Hepatitis B in School Children Aged Less Than 10 Years in the Region of Southern Cameroon. International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy, 5(3), 88-91. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijidt.20200503.19
ACS Style
Noah Noah Dominique; Eloumou Servais Albert Fiacre; Nsenga Djapa Guy Roger; Ze Meka Louis Philippe; Tayou Tagny Claude. Seroprevalence of Chronic Viral Hepatitis B in School Children Aged Less Than 10 Years in the Region of Southern Cameroon. Int. J. Infect. Dis. Ther. 2020, 5(3), 88-91. doi: 10.11648/j.ijidt.20200503.19
AMA Style
Noah Noah Dominique, Eloumou Servais Albert Fiacre, Nsenga Djapa Guy Roger, Ze Meka Louis Philippe, Tayou Tagny Claude. Seroprevalence of Chronic Viral Hepatitis B in School Children Aged Less Than 10 Years in the Region of Southern Cameroon. Int J Infect Dis Ther. 2020;5(3):88-91. doi: 10.11648/j.ijidt.20200503.19
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.ijidt.20200503.19,
author = {Noah Noah Dominique and Eloumou Servais Albert Fiacre and Nsenga Djapa Guy Roger and Ze Meka Louis Philippe and Tayou Tagny Claude},
title = {Seroprevalence of Chronic Viral Hepatitis B in School Children Aged Less Than 10 Years in the Region of Southern Cameroon},
journal = {International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy},
volume = {5},
number = {3},
pages = {88-91},
doi = {10.11648/j.ijidt.20200503.19},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijidt.20200503.19},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijidt.20200503.19},
abstract = {Introduction: Chronic viral hepatitis remain a public health problem worldwide. Being the seventh leading cause of the deaths, it accounts for 1.4 million deaths annually, with 47% related to hepatitis B and 48% to hepatitis C. In Cameroon, screening for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is mandatory by the sixth month of pregnancy. This study aimed at evaluating the carriage rate of HBsAg among pupils in the south region, 10 years after the introduction of the pentavalent vaccine in the expanded immunization programme. Material and methods: This study was conducted in schools in Ebolowa (and its neighborhoods), south of Cameroon, during the five months period from November 1st 2015 to March 17th 2016. Eight schools were randomly selected. All children less than 10 years old were enrolled in our study. Children not meeting our selection criteria, or whose data forms were appropriately filled were excluded. Sampling was done by a laboratory technician of the Ebolowa regional hospital and transferred to the laboratory of the Yaounde University Teaching Hospital for analysis. Data was analyzed using the Epi info software. Results: A total of 471 pupils met our selection criteria with a male to female ration of 0.94 (243 females against 228 males). Five children were HBsAg positive, giving an overall prevalence of 1.06%. Among the 471 pupils, only 166 were appropriately vaccinated as per the extended immunization programme, yielding 35.24% coverage. Conclusion: Despite the low immunization coverage rate, there is a positive impact on the prevalence of hepatitis B among children. Everything being equal, improving the immunization coverage as per the EPI will certainly yield lower rates of infection among children, and thus in the long run, within the general population.},
year = {2020}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Seroprevalence of Chronic Viral Hepatitis B in School Children Aged Less Than 10 Years in the Region of Southern Cameroon AU - Noah Noah Dominique AU - Eloumou Servais Albert Fiacre AU - Nsenga Djapa Guy Roger AU - Ze Meka Louis Philippe AU - Tayou Tagny Claude Y1 - 2020/09/03 PY - 2020 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijidt.20200503.19 DO - 10.11648/j.ijidt.20200503.19 T2 - International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy JF - International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy JO - International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy SP - 88 EP - 91 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2578-966X UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijidt.20200503.19 AB - Introduction: Chronic viral hepatitis remain a public health problem worldwide. Being the seventh leading cause of the deaths, it accounts for 1.4 million deaths annually, with 47% related to hepatitis B and 48% to hepatitis C. In Cameroon, screening for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is mandatory by the sixth month of pregnancy. This study aimed at evaluating the carriage rate of HBsAg among pupils in the south region, 10 years after the introduction of the pentavalent vaccine in the expanded immunization programme. Material and methods: This study was conducted in schools in Ebolowa (and its neighborhoods), south of Cameroon, during the five months period from November 1st 2015 to March 17th 2016. Eight schools were randomly selected. All children less than 10 years old were enrolled in our study. Children not meeting our selection criteria, or whose data forms were appropriately filled were excluded. Sampling was done by a laboratory technician of the Ebolowa regional hospital and transferred to the laboratory of the Yaounde University Teaching Hospital for analysis. Data was analyzed using the Epi info software. Results: A total of 471 pupils met our selection criteria with a male to female ration of 0.94 (243 females against 228 males). Five children were HBsAg positive, giving an overall prevalence of 1.06%. Among the 471 pupils, only 166 were appropriately vaccinated as per the extended immunization programme, yielding 35.24% coverage. Conclusion: Despite the low immunization coverage rate, there is a positive impact on the prevalence of hepatitis B among children. Everything being equal, improving the immunization coverage as per the EPI will certainly yield lower rates of infection among children, and thus in the long run, within the general population. VL - 5 IS - 3 ER -
Information
Email: