Coronavirus (CoV), which causes animal diseases, has become a human health concern. Prior to 2003, CoV caused respiratory diseases and enteric disorders, but after 2003, CoV caused three acute respiratory syndromes, resulting in significant human deaths. Since then, research on CoV has multiplied, leading to a deeper knowledge of the species. It is in this context that this article reviews the history, the biological aspect, the evolution and the crossing of the CoV species barrier. This review shows that CoVs are formed by a large genome (27 to 33 kb) and by structural proteins (spike S, hemagglutinin esterase HE and membran protein M). Various coronaviruses have been described in a wide range of species including chickens (IBV-CoV), pigs (PHE-CoV, PED-CoV, TGE-CoV PR-CoV, PD-CoV, SADS-CoV), cattle (BCoV), cats (FCoV), dogs (CCoV), and humans (HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV2). Birds and bats are the main reservoirs of CoVs, but due to the low fidelity of the replication complex, CoVs have the ability to adapt to various species. Due to the crossing of the species barrier, CoVs have a wide host range resulting in the emergence of various strains worldwide. This information can help researchers develop intervention strategies to prevent the re-emergence of CoVs in the future.
| Published in | International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy (Volume 6, Issue 4) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ijidt.20210604.13 |
| Page(s) | 132-145 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Coronavirus, Bats, tMRCA, Viral Evolution, Animal Host, Intermediate Host
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APA Style
Maminiaina Olivier Fridolin, Razafindrafara Mirantsoa Suzanne. (2021). History of Epizootics, Epidemics and Evolution of Coronaviruses. International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy, 6(4), 132-145. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijidt.20210604.13
ACS Style
Maminiaina Olivier Fridolin; Razafindrafara Mirantsoa Suzanne. History of Epizootics, Epidemics and Evolution of Coronaviruses. Int. J. Infect. Dis. Ther. 2021, 6(4), 132-145. doi: 10.11648/j.ijidt.20210604.13
AMA Style
Maminiaina Olivier Fridolin, Razafindrafara Mirantsoa Suzanne. History of Epizootics, Epidemics and Evolution of Coronaviruses. Int J Infect Dis Ther. 2021;6(4):132-145. doi: 10.11648/j.ijidt.20210604.13
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Download@article{10.11648/j.ijidt.20210604.13,
author = {Maminiaina Olivier Fridolin and Razafindrafara Mirantsoa Suzanne},
title = {History of Epizootics, Epidemics and Evolution of Coronaviruses},
journal = {International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy},
volume = {6},
number = {4},
pages = {132-145},
doi = {10.11648/j.ijidt.20210604.13},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijidt.20210604.13},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijidt.20210604.13},
abstract = {Coronavirus (CoV), which causes animal diseases, has become a human health concern. Prior to 2003, CoV caused respiratory diseases and enteric disorders, but after 2003, CoV caused three acute respiratory syndromes, resulting in significant human deaths. Since then, research on CoV has multiplied, leading to a deeper knowledge of the species. It is in this context that this article reviews the history, the biological aspect, the evolution and the crossing of the CoV species barrier. This review shows that CoVs are formed by a large genome (27 to 33 kb) and by structural proteins (spike S, hemagglutinin esterase HE and membran protein M). Various coronaviruses have been described in a wide range of species including chickens (IBV-CoV), pigs (PHE-CoV, PED-CoV, TGE-CoV PR-CoV, PD-CoV, SADS-CoV), cattle (BCoV), cats (FCoV), dogs (CCoV), and humans (HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV2). Birds and bats are the main reservoirs of CoVs, but due to the low fidelity of the replication complex, CoVs have the ability to adapt to various species. Due to the crossing of the species barrier, CoVs have a wide host range resulting in the emergence of various strains worldwide. This information can help researchers develop intervention strategies to prevent the re-emergence of CoVs in the future.},
year = {2021}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - History of Epizootics, Epidemics and Evolution of Coronaviruses AU - Maminiaina Olivier Fridolin AU - Razafindrafara Mirantsoa Suzanne Y1 - 2021/10/15 PY - 2021 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijidt.20210604.13 DO - 10.11648/j.ijidt.20210604.13 T2 - International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy JF - International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy JO - International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy SP - 132 EP - 145 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2578-966X UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijidt.20210604.13 AB - Coronavirus (CoV), which causes animal diseases, has become a human health concern. Prior to 2003, CoV caused respiratory diseases and enteric disorders, but after 2003, CoV caused three acute respiratory syndromes, resulting in significant human deaths. Since then, research on CoV has multiplied, leading to a deeper knowledge of the species. It is in this context that this article reviews the history, the biological aspect, the evolution and the crossing of the CoV species barrier. This review shows that CoVs are formed by a large genome (27 to 33 kb) and by structural proteins (spike S, hemagglutinin esterase HE and membran protein M). Various coronaviruses have been described in a wide range of species including chickens (IBV-CoV), pigs (PHE-CoV, PED-CoV, TGE-CoV PR-CoV, PD-CoV, SADS-CoV), cattle (BCoV), cats (FCoV), dogs (CCoV), and humans (HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV2). Birds and bats are the main reservoirs of CoVs, but due to the low fidelity of the replication complex, CoVs have the ability to adapt to various species. Due to the crossing of the species barrier, CoVs have a wide host range resulting in the emergence of various strains worldwide. This information can help researchers develop intervention strategies to prevent the re-emergence of CoVs in the future. VL - 6 IS - 4 ER -
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