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The Legal Threshold of Rights and Liabilities of the Mortgagor, Mortgagee, and Lessee of a Mortgage Property in Relation to the Validity of a Lease

Received: 11 December 2023     Accepted: 25 December 2023     Published: 10 October 2024
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Abstract

The general position of the law is that, subject to the agreement of the parties to a mortgage transaction, both the mortgagor and mortgagee of a leased property have power to lease mortgaged property. The only condition that needs to be satisfied is that the party leasing must be in possession. While the rights and liabilities of the mortgagor and mortgagee in relation to the mortgage contract poses no problems, the various legislations on mortgage do not provide for the rights and liabilities of a lessee where the property, subject matter of a mortgage, is leased. It would seem that the lessee is subject to the terms of the contract between the mortgagor and mortgagee which he is not privy to. This situation may pose more challenges than is evident and recourse would be had frequently to equity. A threshold implies a boundary of a right. In the realm of property law, the Mortgagor, Mortgagee, Lessor, and Lessee have a multitude of individual rights. However, when these parties interact, not all of these rights are accommodated. Some are modified, and others are limited. The writer, in this paper, intends to conceptualize the interaction of leases in a mortgage transaction. The major jurisdiction explored is Nigeria, with a glimpse on how other jurisdictions comparatively handle similar transactions. This paper seeks to examine the limit of the rights and liabilities of a mortgagor, the mortgagee and lessee in relation to each other in the event of a valid lease of property subject to a mortgage with a view to proposing reforms in this important area of the law and property transaction.

Published in International Journal of Law and Society (Volume 7, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijls.20240704.11
Page(s) 139-147
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Mortgage Property, Lease, Rights and Liabilities, Threshold, Mortgagee, Lessor, Mortgagor, Lessee

References
[1] Santley v Wilde (1899) 2 Ch. 474; see also Suberu v A. I. S. L. Ltd (2007) 10 NWLR (Pt. 1043) at p. 590; Blacks Law Dictionary (6th edition) at p. 1009; see also Intercity Bank Plc v. Feed & Food Farms Nig. Ltd (2002) FWLR (pt. 128) p. 1289.
[2] B. O. N. Ltd. v Akintoye (1999) 12 NWLR (pt. 205) at 403; see also Maveyen Ewomazino Jemialu, Nigerian Property Law and Practice, Panaf Press, Nigeria, p. 229.
[3] J. Kagan, March 27, 2023 “What Is a Mortgage? Types, How They Work, and Examples”. Investopedia
[4] M. Taylor, “What Is a Mortgage? Bank Rate”, August 9 2023
[5] Treece D. D (2022, August 18). What is a Mortgage? Forbes Advisor
[6] Sethi A. (2022 Feb 21) Tripartite agreement meaning: How does it work? Housing.com
[7] J. Thornhill & L. Howard, (2023, June 12) “Guarantor Mortgages: What You Need To Know”. Forbes Advisor
[8] Being a Guarantor. (n.d) Experian.
[9] “Requirements for Obtaining a Mortgage Loan in Nigeria”. (n.d) Credit Nigeria
[10] O. Seun-Oguntuga, (2020, June 15) “Nigeria: Taking Security: A Review Of Mortgage Creation Under Nigerian Law”. Mondaq
[11] E. Chianu, (2017) Law of Securities for Bank Advances (Mortgage of Land). (3rd Edn) Ambik Press.
[12] Yusufu Yilzum Dadem, Property Law Practice in Nigeria (5th Edition), Jos University Press Ltd, Jos, Nigeria, 2022, p. 171.
[13] Robert Kratovil, Modern Mortgage Law and Practice, Prentice-Hall, New Jersey, U.S.A., 1972, p. 135.
[14] Cheshire and Burn’s Modern Law of Real Property (Eighteenth Edition), Oxford University Press, United Kingdom, 2011, p. 842, 843.
[15] Maxims, (n.d) Kanoons https://www.indiankanoon.org/docfragment/627172/?formInput=maxims accessed 03 December 2023. See also Yaro v. Arewa Constructions Ltd (2008) AFWLR (pt 400) 603 at 634.
[16] M. E. Jemialu, Nigerian Property Law and Practice, Panaf Press, Nigeria, 2023, p. 256, see also s. 33(10) MPL.
[17] Aderoku v. United African Co. Ltd (1941) 7 WACA 39; Wema Bank PLC v. Bioku Investment & Property Co Ltd (987) FHCLR 275.
[18] M. E. Jemialu, Nigerian Property Law and Practice, Panaf Press, Nigeria, 2023, p. 256.
[19] King S. J. (1942), The Effect of a Mortgage Foreclosure on a Lease Executed Subsequent to the Mortgage, Washington Law Review, 17(1).
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Abdulrahman, S. T., Juwah, A. (2024). The Legal Threshold of Rights and Liabilities of the Mortgagor, Mortgagee, and Lessee of a Mortgage Property in Relation to the Validity of a Lease. International Journal of Law and Society, 7(4), 139-147. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijls.20240704.11

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    ACS Style

    Abdulrahman, S. T.; Juwah, A. The Legal Threshold of Rights and Liabilities of the Mortgagor, Mortgagee, and Lessee of a Mortgage Property in Relation to the Validity of a Lease. Int. J. Law Soc. 2024, 7(4), 139-147. doi: 10.11648/j.ijls.20240704.11

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    AMA Style

    Abdulrahman ST, Juwah A. The Legal Threshold of Rights and Liabilities of the Mortgagor, Mortgagee, and Lessee of a Mortgage Property in Relation to the Validity of a Lease. Int J Law Soc. 2024;7(4):139-147. doi: 10.11648/j.ijls.20240704.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijls.20240704.11,
      author = {Saka Toyin Abdulrahman and Abigail Juwah},
      title = {The Legal Threshold of Rights and Liabilities of the Mortgagor, Mortgagee, and Lessee of a Mortgage Property in Relation to the Validity of a Lease
    },
      journal = {International Journal of Law and Society},
      volume = {7},
      number = {4},
      pages = {139-147},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijls.20240704.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijls.20240704.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijls.20240704.11},
      abstract = {The general position of the law is that, subject to the agreement of the parties to a mortgage transaction, both the mortgagor and mortgagee of a leased property have power to lease mortgaged property. The only condition that needs to be satisfied is that the party leasing must be in possession. While the rights and liabilities of the mortgagor and mortgagee in relation to the mortgage contract poses no problems, the various legislations on mortgage do not provide for the rights and liabilities of a lessee where the property, subject matter of a mortgage, is leased. It would seem that the lessee is subject to the terms of the contract between the mortgagor and mortgagee which he is not privy to. This situation may pose more challenges than is evident and recourse would be had frequently to equity. A threshold implies a boundary of a right. In the realm of property law, the Mortgagor, Mortgagee, Lessor, and Lessee have a multitude of individual rights. However, when these parties interact, not all of these rights are accommodated. Some are modified, and others are limited. The writer, in this paper, intends to conceptualize the interaction of leases in a mortgage transaction. The major jurisdiction explored is Nigeria, with a glimpse on how other jurisdictions comparatively handle similar transactions. This paper seeks to examine the limit of the rights and liabilities of a mortgagor, the mortgagee and lessee in relation to each other in the event of a valid lease of property subject to a mortgage with a view to proposing reforms in this important area of the law and property transaction.
    },
     year = {2024}
    }
    

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    AB  - The general position of the law is that, subject to the agreement of the parties to a mortgage transaction, both the mortgagor and mortgagee of a leased property have power to lease mortgaged property. The only condition that needs to be satisfied is that the party leasing must be in possession. While the rights and liabilities of the mortgagor and mortgagee in relation to the mortgage contract poses no problems, the various legislations on mortgage do not provide for the rights and liabilities of a lessee where the property, subject matter of a mortgage, is leased. It would seem that the lessee is subject to the terms of the contract between the mortgagor and mortgagee which he is not privy to. This situation may pose more challenges than is evident and recourse would be had frequently to equity. A threshold implies a boundary of a right. In the realm of property law, the Mortgagor, Mortgagee, Lessor, and Lessee have a multitude of individual rights. However, when these parties interact, not all of these rights are accommodated. Some are modified, and others are limited. The writer, in this paper, intends to conceptualize the interaction of leases in a mortgage transaction. The major jurisdiction explored is Nigeria, with a glimpse on how other jurisdictions comparatively handle similar transactions. This paper seeks to examine the limit of the rights and liabilities of a mortgagor, the mortgagee and lessee in relation to each other in the event of a valid lease of property subject to a mortgage with a view to proposing reforms in this important area of the law and property transaction.
    
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