Background: Respiratory viruses cause a variety of human infections, ranging from the common cold to life-threatening pneumonia. Over 200 strains of virus can cause respiratory disease. The majority of severe viral respiratory infections are caused by relatively few viruses, primarily parainfluenza virus types 1, 2 and 3, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza A and B viruses, and adenovirus. Objective: The purpose of this study was to see the validity of Immunofluorescence test for the detection of Respiratory viruses causing acute lower respiratory tract infection among under five children. Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Virology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from July 2002 to June 2003 for a period of one year. The children with the age group of below five (5) years presented with the clinical manifestations of acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRI) who were visited or were admitted to Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), Dhaka were selected as study population. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected. Viruses were detected by cell line culture and direct Immunoflorescence (DFA) method. Result: The study was carried out among 100 children aged from new born to 60 months with acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRI). Highest rate (85.7%) of isolation was obtained among children between 0 to 24 months of age. There was a significant reduction in the number of cases in older children in 25 to 60 months of age group. The most common virus isolated from the under five children was respiratory syncytial virus which was 20(95.2%). Adenovirus was isolated in only 1(4.8%) case. No other viruses were found in this study. DFA method typically more rapid than the cell culture and also detect virus which has lost viability in transit. Culture methods on the other hand, are more favorable for detecting low titer of viable virus. In this study 17 samples are positive by cell culture and these are also positive by DFA. Total 21 samples are positive by DFA and among them 4 samples are negative. Conclusion: DFA is highly sensitive and specific for detection of respiratory viruses among the under-five children. Furthermore the accuracy of this test is also very high. Therefore it is recommended that the DFA test can be used for the detection of respiratory virus from the children presented with respiratory tract infection.
| Published in | International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology (Volume 3, Issue 1) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ijmb.20180301.12 |
| Page(s) | 7-10 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Respiratory Viruses, Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection, Under Five Children, Cell Culture, Immunoflourescence, Test Validity
| [1] | Rahman M, Huq F, Sack DA, Butler T, Azad AK, Alam A, Nahar N, Islam M. Acute lower respiratory tract infections in hospitalized patients with diarrhea in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Rev Infect Dis 1990;12:899-906. |
| [2] | Nair H, Simoes EA, Rudan I, Gessner BD, Azziz-Baumgartner E, Zhang JS, Feikin DR, Mackenzie GA, Moiisi JC, Roca A, Baggett HC. The global and regional burden of hospital admissions for severe acute lower respiratory infections in young children in 2010: a systematic analysis. Lancet 2013; 381 (9875): 1380-90. |
| [3] | Mazur NI, Martinon-Torres F, Baraldi E, Fauroux B, Greenough A, Heikkinen T, Manzoni P, Mejias A, Nair H, Papadopoulos NG, Polack FP. Lower respiratory tract infection caused by the respiratory syncytial virus: current management and new therapeutics. Lancet Respiratory Med 2015; 3 (11): 888-900. |
| [4] | Nasreen S, Luby SP, Brooks WA, Homaira N, Al Mamun A, Bhuiyan MU, Rahman M, Ahmed D, Abedin J, Rahman M, Alamgir AS. Population-based incidence of severe acuterespiratory virus infections among children aged < 5 years in rural Bangladesh, June–October 2010. PloS one 2014; 9 (2): e89978. |
| [5] | Halstead DC, Todd S, Fritch G. Evaluation of five methods for respiratory syncytial virus detection. J Clin Microbiol 1990; 28: 1021-1025. |
| [6] | Chattopadhyay D, Chatterjee R, Anand VK, Kumari S, Patwari AK. Lower respiratory tract infection in hospitalized children due to the respiratory syncytial (RS) virus during a suspected epidemic period of RS virus in Delhi. J Trop Paediatr 1992; 38; 68-73. |
| [7] | Rudan I, Boschi-Pinto C, Biloglav Z, Mulholland K, Campbell H. Epidemiology and etiology of childhood pneumonia. Bulletin World Health Organization 2008; 86: 408–416. |
| [8] | Landry ML, Ferguson D. SimulFluor respiratory screen specimens by immunofluorescence staining for rapid detection of multiple respiratory viruses in clinical specimen. J Clin Microbiol 2000; 35: 708-711. |
| [9] | Ruutu P, Halonen P, Meurman O, Torres C, Paladin F, Yamaoka K, Tupasi FE. Viral lower respiratory tract infections in Filipino children. J Infect Dis 1990; 161: I75-179. |
| [10] | Fan J, Henrickson KJ, Savatski LL. Rapid simultaneous diagnosis of infections with respiratory syncytial viruses A and B, influenza viruses A and B, human parainfluenza virus types 1,2, and 3 by multiplex quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction -enzyme hybridization assay (Hexaplex). Clin Infect Dis 1998; 26: 1397-1402. |
| [11] | Maitreyi RS, Kabra SK, Ghosh M, Dar L, Seth P, Prasad AK. Rapid detection methods for diagnosis of acute lower respiratory tract infections in young children due to respiratory syncytial virus. Indian J Med Microbiol 1999;17(1):10. |
| [12] | Hijazi Z, Pacsa A. Gharbawy FE, Chugh Essa TDS, Shazli AE, Salam RAE. Acute lower respiratory tract infections in children in Kuwait. Ann of Trop Paediatr 1997;17:127-134. |
| [13] | Forgie IM, PHD, Campbell H, Evans NL, Leinonen M, Neil KPO, Saikku P, Whittle HC, Greenwood BM. Etiology of acute lower respiratory tract infections in children in a rural community in the Gambia. Pediatr Infect DisJ 1992; ll: 446-73. |
| [14] | John TJ, Cherian T, Steinhoff MC, Simoes EAF, John M. Etiology of acute respiratory infections in children in tropical southern India. Rev Infect Dis 1991; 13: 463-9. |
| [15] | Shann F, Germer S, Hazlett D, Gratten M, Linnemann V, Payne R. Etiology of pneumonia in children in Goroka hospital, Papua New Guinea. Lancet 1984;8: 537-41. |
| [16] | Diane S. Leland and Christino C Ginocchio American Society of Microbiology. |
| [17] | Guerrier G, Goyette S, Chheng ET, Rampart B, Brand L, Te V, Try PL, Sarah R, Cavailler P, Mayaud C, Guillard B. Acute viral lower respiratory tract infections in Cambodian children:clinical and epidemiologic characteristics. Pediatric Infect Dis J 2013; 32 (1): e8-13. |
| [18] | Feng L, Li Z, Zhao S, Nair H, Lai S, Xu W, Li M, Wu J, Ren L, Liu W, Yuan Z. Viral etiologies of hospitalized acute lower respiratory infection patients in China, 2009-2013. PloS one 2014; 9 (6): e99419. |
| [19] | Hacimustafaoglu M, Celebi S, Bozdemir SE, Ozgur T, Ozcan İ, Guray A, Cakir D. RSV frequency in children below 2 years hospitalized for lower respiratory tract infections. Turkish J Pediatric 2013; 55 (2): 130. |
| [20] | Hughes JH, Mann DR, Hamparian VV. Detection of respiratory syncytial virus in clinical specimens by viral culture, direct and indirect immunofluorescence, and enzyme immunoassay. Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210. |
APA Style
Rashida Akter Khanam, Md. Nazrul Islam, Shahina Tabassum, Ahmed Sharif, Md. Abdullah Yusuf. (2018). Validity of Immunofluorescence Test for the Detection of Respiratory Viruses Causing Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Among Under Five Children. International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 3(1), 7-10. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20180301.12
ACS Style
Rashida Akter Khanam; Md. Nazrul Islam; Shahina Tabassum; Ahmed Sharif; Md. Abdullah Yusuf. Validity of Immunofluorescence Test for the Detection of Respiratory Viruses Causing Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Among Under Five Children. Int. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2018, 3(1), 7-10. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmb.20180301.12
AMA Style
Rashida Akter Khanam, Md. Nazrul Islam, Shahina Tabassum, Ahmed Sharif, Md. Abdullah Yusuf. Validity of Immunofluorescence Test for the Detection of Respiratory Viruses Causing Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Among Under Five Children. Int J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2018;3(1):7-10. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmb.20180301.12
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.ijmb.20180301.12,
author = {Rashida Akter Khanam and Md. Nazrul Islam and Shahina Tabassum and Ahmed Sharif and Md. Abdullah Yusuf},
title = {Validity of Immunofluorescence Test for the Detection of Respiratory Viruses Causing Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Among Under Five Children},
journal = {International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology},
volume = {3},
number = {1},
pages = {7-10},
doi = {10.11648/j.ijmb.20180301.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20180301.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmb.20180301.12},
abstract = {Background: Respiratory viruses cause a variety of human infections, ranging from the common cold to life-threatening pneumonia. Over 200 strains of virus can cause respiratory disease. The majority of severe viral respiratory infections are caused by relatively few viruses, primarily parainfluenza virus types 1, 2 and 3, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza A and B viruses, and adenovirus. Objective: The purpose of this study was to see the validity of Immunofluorescence test for the detection of Respiratory viruses causing acute lower respiratory tract infection among under five children. Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Virology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from July 2002 to June 2003 for a period of one year. The children with the age group of below five (5) years presented with the clinical manifestations of acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRI) who were visited or were admitted to Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), Dhaka were selected as study population. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected. Viruses were detected by cell line culture and direct Immunoflorescence (DFA) method. Result: The study was carried out among 100 children aged from new born to 60 months with acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRI). Highest rate (85.7%) of isolation was obtained among children between 0 to 24 months of age. There was a significant reduction in the number of cases in older children in 25 to 60 months of age group. The most common virus isolated from the under five children was respiratory syncytial virus which was 20(95.2%). Adenovirus was isolated in only 1(4.8%) case. No other viruses were found in this study. DFA method typically more rapid than the cell culture and also detect virus which has lost viability in transit. Culture methods on the other hand, are more favorable for detecting low titer of viable virus. In this study 17 samples are positive by cell culture and these are also positive by DFA. Total 21 samples are positive by DFA and among them 4 samples are negative. Conclusion: DFA is highly sensitive and specific for detection of respiratory viruses among the under-five children. Furthermore the accuracy of this test is also very high. Therefore it is recommended that the DFA test can be used for the detection of respiratory virus from the children presented with respiratory tract infection.},
year = {2018}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Validity of Immunofluorescence Test for the Detection of Respiratory Viruses Causing Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Among Under Five Children AU - Rashida Akter Khanam AU - Md. Nazrul Islam AU - Shahina Tabassum AU - Ahmed Sharif AU - Md. Abdullah Yusuf Y1 - 2018/03/02 PY - 2018 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20180301.12 DO - 10.11648/j.ijmb.20180301.12 T2 - International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology JF - International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology JO - International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology SP - 7 EP - 10 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2578-9686 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20180301.12 AB - Background: Respiratory viruses cause a variety of human infections, ranging from the common cold to life-threatening pneumonia. Over 200 strains of virus can cause respiratory disease. The majority of severe viral respiratory infections are caused by relatively few viruses, primarily parainfluenza virus types 1, 2 and 3, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza A and B viruses, and adenovirus. Objective: The purpose of this study was to see the validity of Immunofluorescence test for the detection of Respiratory viruses causing acute lower respiratory tract infection among under five children. Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Virology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from July 2002 to June 2003 for a period of one year. The children with the age group of below five (5) years presented with the clinical manifestations of acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRI) who were visited or were admitted to Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), Dhaka were selected as study population. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected. Viruses were detected by cell line culture and direct Immunoflorescence (DFA) method. Result: The study was carried out among 100 children aged from new born to 60 months with acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRI). Highest rate (85.7%) of isolation was obtained among children between 0 to 24 months of age. There was a significant reduction in the number of cases in older children in 25 to 60 months of age group. The most common virus isolated from the under five children was respiratory syncytial virus which was 20(95.2%). Adenovirus was isolated in only 1(4.8%) case. No other viruses were found in this study. DFA method typically more rapid than the cell culture and also detect virus which has lost viability in transit. Culture methods on the other hand, are more favorable for detecting low titer of viable virus. In this study 17 samples are positive by cell culture and these are also positive by DFA. Total 21 samples are positive by DFA and among them 4 samples are negative. Conclusion: DFA is highly sensitive and specific for detection of respiratory viruses among the under-five children. Furthermore the accuracy of this test is also very high. Therefore it is recommended that the DFA test can be used for the detection of respiratory virus from the children presented with respiratory tract infection. VL - 3 IS - 1 ER -
Information
Email: