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The Dowry and Its Securing According to the Josephine Code of 1787

Received: 11 September 2024     Accepted: 9 November 2024     Published: 21 November 2024
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Abstract

The study is dedicated to highlighting the provisions on the legal regime of dowry (the so-called marital property) and its security, enshrined in the third chapter "On the rights of spouses" of the first part "On personal law" of the Josephine Code of 1787, which regulated marital relations in the Habsburg monarchy. First of all, the author analyzed the state of scientific research of the specified problem both in the European science of the history of law, and in Ukrainian in particular. The main attention of the study is focused on the characteristics of the features of the legal regime of dowry, as well as the conditions for its securing according to the Josephine Code. The article sets out provisions on the persons obliged to provide dowry, on the type and size of dowry property, on the terms of its provision, on the procedure for using it, including the husband's right to usufruct, on compensation for damage caused to dowry property, on the conditions of return dowry, etc. Norms on the procedure and conditions for securing of dowry, on the persons obligated to such securing, on the terms of its securing, on the amount of such securing, etc. were also considered. In conclusion, the author substantiates the historical and legal significance of the Josephine Code. It was found that the provisions of the Josephine Code on dowry and its securing were the basis of the corresponding norms of the following civil codes of the Habsburg Monarchy – the Civil Code for Galicia of 1797 and the General Civil Code of the Austrian Empire of 1811.

Published in Social Sciences (Volume 13, Issue 6)
DOI 10.11648/j.ss.20241306.14
Page(s) 273-278
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Josephine Code, Marital Property, Dowry, Matrimonial Property, Property Rights of Spouses, Property Relations of Spouses, Habsburg Monarchy

References
[1] Allgemeines Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch. Erster Teil. Vienna: Johann Thomas Edlen von Trattnern; 1786. Available from:
[2] Josephinisches Gesetzbuch. Available from:
[3] Josephinisches Gesetzbuch (JGS 591). Faksimile des. Joseph des Zweyten, Römischen Kaisers, Gesetze und Verfassungen im Justitz-Fache. Jahrgang von 1785 bis 1786. Zweyte Fortsetzung (1786). In: Justizgesetzsammlung. ALEX – Historische Rechts- und Gesetzestexte Online. Wien: Kaiserlich-königliche Hof- und Staats-Serarial-Druckerei; 1817, s. 71-130. Available from:
[4] Josephinisches Gesetzbuch (1787). Available from:
[5] Brauneder, Wilhelm. Die Entwicklung des Ehegüterrechts in Österreich. Ein Beitrag zu Dogmengeschichte und Rechtstatsachenforschung des Spätmittelalters und der Neuzeit. Salzburg; München: W. Fink; 1973. (zugleich: Habilitationsschrift. Universität Wien; 1971).
[6] Brauneder, Wilhelm. Rechtseinheit durch elastisches vertragsrecht: das ehegüterrecht der österreichischen privatrechtskodifikationen. In: Зборник радова Правног факултета у Новом Саду [Proceedings of the Faculty of Law in Novy Sad], 2006, 3, 175-189. Available from:
[7] Sturm, Anna, Margaretha. Das josephinische Leitbild der Frau in Ehe und Familie. Wien: VWGÖ; 1988. Available from:
[8] Savuliak, R., V. Yozefinskyi kodeks 1787 r.: peredumovy ukladennia, kodyfikatsiini roboty, struktura, zahalna kharakterystyka ta znachennia [The Josephine Code of 1787: prerequisites for conclusion, codification works, structure, general characteristics and meaning]. In: Zbirnyk naukovykh prats Scientia: za materialamy III Mizhnarodnoi naukovo-teoretychnoi konferentsii «Modernizationoftoday’sscience: experienceandtrends» (m. Sinhapur (SGR), 24 liutoho 2023 roku) [Collection ofscientific papers «Scientia»: with Proceedings of the III International Scientific and Theoretical Conference «Modernization of today’s science: experience and trends» (Singapore, Republic of Singapore, February 24, 2023)]; р. 92-96. Available from:
[9] Savuliak, R., V. Osoblyvosti kodyfikatsiinykh robit nad Yozefinskym kodeksom 1787 r. [Peculiarities of the codification works on the Josephine Code of 1787]. In: Elektronne naukove vydannia «Analitychno-porivnialne pravoznavstvo» [Electronic scientific publication "Analytical and comparative jurisprudence"], 2023, 4, 41-49.
[10] Savuliak, R., V. Prava batkiv i ditei za Yozefinskym kodeksom 1787 r. [Rights of parents and children according to the Josephine Code of 1787]. In: Visnyk Lvivskoho universytetu. Seriia yurydychna [Bulletin of Lviv University. Legal series], 2023, 77, 79-87.
[11] Savuliak, R., V. Opika za Yozefinskym kodeksom 1787 r. [Tutelage according to the Josephine Code of 1787]. In: Visnyk Natsionalnoi akademii pravovykh nauk Ukrainy [Bulletin of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine], 2024. V. 31, No 3, 52-73.
[12] Savuliak, R., V. Kodyfikatsii tsyvilnoho prava v Avstriiskii monarkhii u druhii polovyni XVIII st.: kodyfikatsiini roboty, zahalna kharakterystyka ta znachennia [Codifications of civil law in the Austrian monarchy in the second half of the 18th century: codification works, general characteristics and significance]. In: Aktualni doslidzhennia pravovoi ta istorychnoi nauky (Vypusk 48): Mizhnarodna naukova konferentsiia (m. Kyiv, 9-10 bereznia 2023 r.) [Current research in legal and historical science (Issue 48): International Scientific Conference (Kyiv, March 9-10, 2023)]. Available from:
[13] Savuliak, R., V. Dzherela pryvatnoho prava Avstriiskoi monarkhii i Avstro-uhorskoi imperii ta yikhnie poshyrennia na zakhidnoukrainskykh zemliakh. [Sources of private law of the Austrian monarchy and the Austro-Hungarian Empire and their distribution in Western Ukrainian lands]. In: Mizhnarodnyi naukovyi zhurnal «Hraal nauky», 2023, liutyi, № 24: za materialamy V Mizhnarodnoi naukovo-praktychnoi konferentsii «Scientific researches and methods of their carrying out: world experience and domestic realities» (m. Vinnytsia (Ukraina) – Viden (Avstriia), 17 liutoho 2023 roku). [International scientific journal «Grail of Science», 2023, February, No 24 : with the proceedings of the V Correspondence International Scientific and Practical Conference «Scientific researches and methods of their carrying out: world experience and domestic realities» (Vinnytsia, Ukraine – Vienna, Austria, February 17th, 2023)]; р. 178-180.
[14] Tsyvilnyi kodeks Halychyny, 1797: [proekt Karla-Antona Martini; peredm. K. Neshvara; vstup V. A. Vasylieva; per. z nim.: M. Martyniuk, O. Pavlyshynets]. [The Civil Code of Galicia, 1797: [project by Karl-Anton Martini; foreword by Ch. Neschvara; introduction by V. A. Vasyliev; trans. from German: M. Martyniuk, O. Pavlyshynets]. Ivano-Frankivsk: Babylonian Library; Law Company "Moris Group"; 2017, p. 33-70. (In Ukrainian).
[15] Zahalne tsyvilne ulozhennia Avstriiskoi imperii 1811 roku [The general civil constitution of the Austrian Empire in 1811]. In: Kodyfikatsiia tsyvilnoho zakonodavstva na ukrainskykh zemliakh. T. 1 [Codification of civil legislation on Ukrainian lands. T. 1]; comp. Yu. V. Bilousov, I. R. Kalaur, S. D. Hrynko, etc.; under the editorship R. O. Stefanchuk and M. O. Stefanchuk. Kyiv: Legal unity; 2009, р. 1028-1051. (In Ukrainian).
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    Savuliak, R. (2024). The Dowry and Its Securing According to the Josephine Code of 1787. Social Sciences, 13(6), 273-278. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ss.20241306.14

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    Savuliak, R. The Dowry and Its Securing According to the Josephine Code of 1787. Soc. Sci. 2024, 13(6), 273-278. doi: 10.11648/j.ss.20241306.14

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    AMA Style

    Savuliak R. The Dowry and Its Securing According to the Josephine Code of 1787. Soc Sci. 2024;13(6):273-278. doi: 10.11648/j.ss.20241306.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ss.20241306.14,
      author = {Roman Savuliak},
      title = {The Dowry and Its Securing According to the Josephine Code of 1787
    },
      journal = {Social Sciences},
      volume = {13},
      number = {6},
      pages = {273-278},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ss.20241306.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ss.20241306.14},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ss.20241306.14},
      abstract = {The study is dedicated to highlighting the provisions on the legal regime of dowry (the so-called marital property) and its security, enshrined in the third chapter "On the rights of spouses" of the first part "On personal law" of the Josephine Code of 1787, which regulated marital relations in the Habsburg monarchy. First of all, the author analyzed the state of scientific research of the specified problem both in the European science of the history of law, and in Ukrainian in particular. The main attention of the study is focused on the characteristics of the features of the legal regime of dowry, as well as the conditions for its securing according to the Josephine Code. The article sets out provisions on the persons obliged to provide dowry, on the type and size of dowry property, on the terms of its provision, on the procedure for using it, including the husband's right to usufruct, on compensation for damage caused to dowry property, on the conditions of return dowry, etc. Norms on the procedure and conditions for securing of dowry, on the persons obligated to such securing, on the terms of its securing, on the amount of such securing, etc. were also considered. In conclusion, the author substantiates the historical and legal significance of the Josephine Code. It was found that the provisions of the Josephine Code on dowry and its securing were the basis of the corresponding norms of the following civil codes of the Habsburg Monarchy – the Civil Code for Galicia of 1797 and the General Civil Code of the Austrian Empire of 1811.
    },
     year = {2024}
    }
    

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    AB  - The study is dedicated to highlighting the provisions on the legal regime of dowry (the so-called marital property) and its security, enshrined in the third chapter "On the rights of spouses" of the first part "On personal law" of the Josephine Code of 1787, which regulated marital relations in the Habsburg monarchy. First of all, the author analyzed the state of scientific research of the specified problem both in the European science of the history of law, and in Ukrainian in particular. The main attention of the study is focused on the characteristics of the features of the legal regime of dowry, as well as the conditions for its securing according to the Josephine Code. The article sets out provisions on the persons obliged to provide dowry, on the type and size of dowry property, on the terms of its provision, on the procedure for using it, including the husband's right to usufruct, on compensation for damage caused to dowry property, on the conditions of return dowry, etc. Norms on the procedure and conditions for securing of dowry, on the persons obligated to such securing, on the terms of its securing, on the amount of such securing, etc. were also considered. In conclusion, the author substantiates the historical and legal significance of the Josephine Code. It was found that the provisions of the Josephine Code on dowry and its securing were the basis of the corresponding norms of the following civil codes of the Habsburg Monarchy – the Civil Code for Galicia of 1797 and the General Civil Code of the Austrian Empire of 1811.
    
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Author Information
  • The Department of History of the State, Law and Political and Law Teachings of the Faculty of Law, Lviv National University of Ivan Franko, Lviv, Ukraine;The Court Chamber for Consideration of the Civil Cases, The Court of Appeal of Lviv Region, Lviv, Ukraine

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