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Changes in Breast Cancer Care in New York During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Alexandra Fiederlein,
Cheyenne Rosado,
Noelle Cutter
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 3, June 2022
Pages:
58-64
Received:
22 March 2022
Accepted:
13 April 2022
Published:
10 May 2022
Abstract: Breast cancer is the second most common malignancy among women in the United States. As such, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused medical facilities to change their methods of operation since March of 2020, including changes in diagnosis and treatment plans. New York (NY) has an unusually high incidence of breast cancer. This study analyzed the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on breast cancer care (BCC) in NY. Women in NY that were diagnosed with or in remission for breast cancer were asked to take an online, anonymous survey regarding their BCC experience. For patients in treatment, 26% of women wished they had greater emotional support or had a family member included in their appointments. 39% of women do not feel they are receiving as good of care as before, while 31% feel they are receiving the same level of care. Additionally, 41% of women feel they received the same level of care over telemedicine. Our data show a negative correlation between the quality of care received during the pandemic and the wish for more emotional support and inclusion of supportive members in the care process (nonsignificant). There was less of a negative correlation between the quality of telemedicine care received during the pandemic and the wish for more emotional support and inclusion of supportive members in the care process (nonsignificant). This indicates that most women lacking emotional support reported worse BCC experiences, and telemedicine use was not as troublesome to patients as the lack of emotional support. Most women in treatment and in remission reported negative feelings like fear when asked about their BCC experiences. Our data show the importance of emotional support for breast cancer patients and those in remission during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our work could also provide clinicians with the knowledge necessary on how breast cancer care should be handled in an evolving pandemic such as COVID-19.
Abstract: Breast cancer is the second most common malignancy among women in the United States. As such, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused medical facilities to change their methods of operation since March of 2020, including changes in diagnosis and treatment plans. New York (NY) has an unusually high incidence of breast cancer. This study analyzed the effect...
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Influence of Dihydroquercetin, 1-Aryltetrahydroisoquinoline (F-18) and Their Conjugate (DHQ-11) on Mitochondrial Respiration and Oxidative Phosphorylation
Ernazarov Zafarjon Mamurovich,
Pozilov Mamurjon Komiljonovich,
Toshmatova Shoiraxon Ruziyevna,
Zhurakulov Sherzod Niyatkobulovich
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 3, June 2022
Pages:
65-69
Received:
9 April 2022
Accepted:
5 May 2022
Published:
24 May 2022
Abstract: In current scientific article, rat liver mitochondria respond to the flavonoids dihydroquercetin (20–100 µM), 1-(2´-bromo-4´,5´-dimethoxyphenyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4 for respiratory and processes of oxidative phosphorylation - tetrahydroisoquinolines F-18 (20-100 μM) and synthesized on the basis of followings 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-6-[1-(2'-bromo-4',5'-dimethoxyphenyl)-6,7- The effect of dimethoxy-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl]methyl-3,5,7-trihydroxychroman-4-on the concentrations of the DHQ-11 conjugate (20-100 μM) was investigated in in vitro experiments. Experiments were conducted within 180-200 gram infertile white male rats. Mitochondrias from rat liver were isolated by the way of differential centrifugation. Concentrations of dihydroquercetin flavonoid 20, 60, 100 μM in FAD-dependent succinate oxidation in rat liver mitochondria were identified to be reliable respiratory control parameters and partially increased ADF/O value, the respiratory control coefficient as Chans demonstrated an increase in respiratory rate under the influence of the alkaloid F-18 isoquinoline 20, 60, 100 μM. Moreover, the ADP/O coefficients also boosted under the influence of the isoquinoline alkaloid F-18. It was observed that ADP/O ratio coefficients was expanded within the bonding by the effect of the DHQ-11 conjugate concentration. The concentration of 100 μM dihydroquercetin for FAD-dependent succinate oxidation in rat liver mitochondria surged Chance's respiratory rate by 15% compared to the control. Concentrations of isoquinoline alkaloid F-18 100 μM enlarged the respiratory rate by 13% compared to the control. It was defined that concentrations of 100 μM DHQ-11 conjugate rose the respiratory rate by 20%. The oxidation of FAD-dependent substrates in mitochondria was more actively effected by the DHQ-11 conjugate than dihydroquercetin and F-18 isoquinoline alkaloids.
Abstract: In current scientific article, rat liver mitochondria respond to the flavonoids dihydroquercetin (20–100 µM), 1-(2´-bromo-4´,5´-dimethoxyphenyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4 for respiratory and processes of oxidative phosphorylation - tetrahydroisoquinolines F-18 (20-100 μM) and synthesized on the basis of followings 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-6-[1-(2'-bromo...
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Sanitary Status and Bio-monitoring of Surface Water Quality in the City of Maroua (Far North, Cameroon)
Tonmeu Douyong Chimene Sandrine,
Nguepidjo Gilbert,
Kapso Tchouankep Mireille,
Ewodo Mboudou Guillaume
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 3, June 2022
Pages:
70-80
Received:
5 May 2022
Accepted:
1 June 2022
Published:
9 June 2022
Abstract: A study to assess the physico-chemical and microbiological quality of surface water was conducted from September 2019 to September 2020 in the town of Maroua. With the objective of evaluating the physico-chemical and microbiological quality of the surface water of this town. The sampling stations were chosen on 3 main watercourses in each district of the town. Sampling was done on a fortnightly basis for one year. The results were grouped by seasons. The physico-chemical analyzes consisted of measuring the following parameters: temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, turbidity, chloride, sodium and sulphate content. The biological analyzes of the water focused on the search for bacteria, yeasts and microscopic fungi. The spatiotemporal variations of the physico-chemical parameters revealed water with relatively high temperatures during the two seasons. Suspended solids are generally higher in water during the rainy season (45, 227, 321 and 427 mg/l respectively at M4, M1, M5 and M3) reflecting on high turbidity over 2800 NTU during both seasons at M2 station in Kaliao mayo. The microbiology of water has shown three groups of microorganisms like bacteria, yeasts and fungi. From the microorganisms isolated, the majority were bacteria 84%, yeasts 8% and fungi 8%. The most represented germs in surface water’s samples in Maroua are by medical interest importance: Salmonella spp., Vibrio spp., Legionella spp., then Campylobacter spp. and Aeromonas spp.. Alongside, Mycobacterium species, Candida spp., Cryptococcus spp. and Trichophyton spp. were scarce. These results testify to the occurrence of pathogenic germs in surface water in the city of Maroua. Hence the resurgence of epidemic diseases such as Cholera.
Abstract: A study to assess the physico-chemical and microbiological quality of surface water was conducted from September 2019 to September 2020 in the town of Maroua. With the objective of evaluating the physico-chemical and microbiological quality of the surface water of this town. The sampling stations were chosen on 3 main watercourses in each district ...
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Tumor of the Granulosa of the Ovary About a Case
Zein Ahmed,
Ahmedou Moulaye Idriss,
Nacer Dine Ould Mohamed Baba,
Isselmou Sidi
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 3, June 2022
Pages:
81-83
Received:
18 May 2022
Accepted:
10 June 2022
Published:
27 June 2022
Abstract: Ovarian granulosa tumors are very rare; they belong to the group of sex cord and stromal tumors. Their slow evolution in the adult forms which are more frequent (95%) and less aggressive than the much rarer juvenile forms. The exact etiology of these tumors is unknown, but higher than normal estrogen levels are frequently found in women with ovarian granulosa cell tumors. A woman's menstrual status with excess estrogen is related to the presence of certain symptoms such as: early puberty in young women, increase in the size of the abdomen, menstrual cycle disorders in pre menopause or bleeding abnormal uteri in postmenopausal women. The most frequent ultrasound aspect is the solid-cystic aspect and pathological examination remains the diagnostic key. The treatment is essentially surgical, but sometimes associated with complementary therapies such as: chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormone therapy. Recurrences occur late, hence the importance of post-therapeutic follow-up. Some aggressive forms relapse and progress more rapidly, which justifies rigorous therapeutic monitoring. The prognostic factors for recurrence identified in the literature are the FIGO stage, the presence of residual tumor and the tumor size. We report a case of observation and we draw attention to the epidemiological, clinical particularities, as well as the various prognostic factors in order to carry out a better therapeutic management.
Abstract: Ovarian granulosa tumors are very rare; they belong to the group of sex cord and stromal tumors. Their slow evolution in the adult forms which are more frequent (95%) and less aggressive than the much rarer juvenile forms. The exact etiology of these tumors is unknown, but higher than normal estrogen levels are frequently found in women with ovaria...
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Khaya grandifololia Improves Cognition and Prevents Scopolamine-Induced Impairment of Brain Functions by Activating the Cholinergic and Antioxidant Systems in Rats
Fils Armand Ella,
Simon Ngamli Fewou,
Mario Robillard Didier Koloko,
Pascal Owona,
Frederic Nico Njayou,
Paul Fewou Moundipa
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 3, June 2022
Pages:
84-96
Received:
23 May 2022
Accepted:
14 June 2022
Published:
27 June 2022
Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial, progressive neurodegenerative disorder with dementia and persistent impairment of cognitive functions as the main clinical characteristics. Although signs of progress are being made in developing AD therapy, there is no effective drug capable of stopping and/or slowing down the progression of the disease. We have previously indicated in an in vitro setting of AD that Khaya grandifololia (KG) crude extract possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective activities. In the current work, we have evaluated the activity of KG hydroethanolic (KG-HE) extract in preventing cognitive impairment and promoting memory improvement in vivo. Results from behavioral tests indicated a significant improvement in memory performance and a delay in depression-like behavior upon treatment of rats with KG-HE extract (5, 25, and 50 mg/kg) or donepezil (1 mg/kg) as standard. Because scopolamine (1 mg/kg) impaired cognitive performance in the tail suspension test, Morris Water Maze test, and Novelty Suppressed Feeding Test, KG-HE extract (5, 25, and 50 mg/kg) or donepezil (1 mg/kg) treatment prevented scopolamine-induced performance impairment. Moreover, both KG-HE extract (5, 25, and 50 mg/kg) and donepezil (1 mg/kg) prevented the scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment by inhibiting the acetylcholinesterase activity. In addition, the brain parameters of stress oxidation (SOD, CAT, and GSH) reduced by scopolamine treatment were regulated by the administration of KG-HE extract or the standard drug donepezil. An increase in the MDA level and the phosphatase activity both in the serum and brain due to scopolamine treatment was restored by the administration of KG-HE extract or donepezil. Taken together, these results suggest that KG-HE extract improves cognition and relieves the scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment via activation of the cholinergic and anti-oxidation systems in rats.
Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial, progressive neurodegenerative disorder with dementia and persistent impairment of cognitive functions as the main clinical characteristics. Although signs of progress are being made in developing AD therapy, there is no effective drug capable of stopping and/or slowing down the progression of the diseas...
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Relationship Between CYP2C8*2 and Pfmdr1 N86Y Polymorphisms in Patients with Uncomplicated Malaria in Yaounde, Centre Region of Cameroon
Jean Paul Kengne Chedjou,
Palmer Masumbe Netongo,
Aristid Herve Mbange Ekollo,
Cyrille Mbanwi Mbu’u,
Lesley Ngum Ngum,
Calvino Tah Fomboh,
Wilfred Fon Mbacham
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 3, June 2022
Pages:
97-101
Received:
23 May 2022
Accepted:
15 June 2022
Published:
30 June 2022
Abstract: Background: Plasmodium falciparum malaria is a major public health problem in Cameroon. It remains endemic and is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the most vulnerable groups, including children under five and pregnant women. The fight against plasmodium today faces not only diversity, preventive struggles, but also the spread of resistant parasites to available antimalarials. Several factors, among others, genetic factors, and the immune system predispose patients to develop resistances. The parasite's resistance to antimalarial would continue to be an obstacle to the management of malaria in Cameroon. This study aimed to determine the frequency of the mutation affecting the gene CYP2C8 (CYP2C8*2) and its influence on the mutation N86Y of the plasmodial gene Pfmdr1 in children under 15 years of age suffering from non-complicated malaria in Yaounde. Methods: This was a population based, retrospective study in a Cameroonian population. Archived whole blood samples collected from One hundred children infected with Plasmodium falciparum malaria were randomly selected. Blood samples spotted on filter papers were used for DNA (plasmodial and human) extraction performed by the chelex-100 method. The PfmdrI marker was established by the nested PCR and gene involved in the metabolism of antimalarial by conventional PCR. The RFLP-PCR technique allowed the detection of the polymorphism of these mutations. The restriction enzyme bclI was used for the polymorphisms of the cyp2C8 gene and the restriction enzyme AflIII for PfmdrI. Results: the mutant allele CYP2C8*2 had a frequency of 38%. For the Pfmdr1 gene, 57% of isolates were detected with the mutant 86Y. The application of the Khi2 statistical test showed that patients with the mutant allele CYP2C8*2 were more likely to be infected with the pfmdrI-86Y mutant strain (OR: 2,446; P: 0.030). Conclusion: This study reported that the mutant allele CYP2C8*2 influences the emergence of Pfmdr1 86Y mutants.
Abstract: Background: Plasmodium falciparum malaria is a major public health problem in Cameroon. It remains endemic and is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the most vulnerable groups, including children under five and pregnant women. The fight against plasmodium today faces not only diversity, preventive struggles, but also the spread of resi...
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