Hemoglobin A(1c) Reporting Units and Diagnostic Cut-Offs in Relation to International Recommendations

Penttilä Ilkka; Penttilä Karri; Laitinen Harri; Ranta Päivi; Törrönen Jukka; Rauramaa Rainer

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijcems.20190501.15

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Hemoglobin A(1c) Reporting Units and Diagnostic Cut-Offs in Relation to International Recommendations

Penttilä Ilkka, Penttilä Karri, Laitinen Harri, Ranta Päivi, Törrönen Jukka, Rauramaa Rainer

Published in International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences (Volume 5, Issue 1)

Received: 29 October 2018 Accepted: 9 January 2019 Published: 20 May 2019

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Abstract

Purpose. In this account were studied the use of units and cut-off limits for hemoglobin A(1c) in worldwide clinical laboratory practice and the quality assurance ranges of hemoglobin A(1c) by calculating the target limits from the values of Labquality Ltd. and ERLGH. Methods. The use of HbA(1c) units and the diagnostic limits for diabetes were examined using e-mail and letter inquiries to 37–51 societies of laboratory medicine (mainly clinical chemistry) sent from 2009 to 2017. The parametric statistical programs of Labquality Ltd., SPSS^® 13.0, and MS Excel 2013 (Microsoft^® Co., Cambridge, MA, USA) were used. Results. The mean values of the Finnish quality control organization Labquality Ltd. and the corresponding values from the HbA(1c) queries as to the percentage and mmol/mol SI units (IFCC) were used. The IFCC system for hemoglobin A(1c) is slowly but constantly gaining acceptance in Europe, but remains quite rare outside Europe where the percentage results were correspondingly lower. The mean round values of Labquality Ltd. and the corresponding mean values of the European Reference Laboratory for Glycohemoglobin (ERLGH) showed equal ranges for calculation of the target values with ± 6% intervals for the percentage results and ± 8% intervals for the mmol/mol results. Conclusions. To avoid confusion, the overall use of mmol/mol as a single unit for HbA(1c) may be the best option when the IFCC system has been accepted worldwide. The target values can be calculated equally well from the mean values of Labquality Ltd. and the ERLGH values in terms of both per percentage and mmol/mol units.

Published in	International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences (Volume 5, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijcems.20190501.15
Page(s)	19-25
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Diabetes, HbA(1c), IFCC Recommendation, Methods Quality Assurance, Target Limits, Units

References

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APA Style

Penttilä Ilkka, Penttilä Karri, Laitinen Harri, Ranta Päivi, Törrönen Jukka, et al. (2019). Hemoglobin A(1c) Reporting Units and Diagnostic Cut-Offs in Relation to International Recommendations. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences, 5(1), 19-25. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcems.20190501.15

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ACS Style

Penttilä Ilkka; Penttilä Karri; Laitinen Harri; Ranta Päivi; Törrönen Jukka, et al. Hemoglobin A(1c) Reporting Units and Diagnostic Cut-Offs in Relation to International Recommendations. Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med. Sci. 2019, 5(1), 19-25. doi: 10.11648/j.ijcems.20190501.15

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AMA Style

Penttilä Ilkka, Penttilä Karri, Laitinen Harri, Ranta Päivi, Törrönen Jukka, et al. Hemoglobin A(1c) Reporting Units and Diagnostic Cut-Offs in Relation to International Recommendations. Int J Clin Exp Med Sci. 2019;5(1):19-25. doi: 10.11648/j.ijcems.20190501.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ijcems.20190501.15,
  author = {Penttilä Ilkka and Penttilä Karri and Laitinen Harri and Ranta Päivi and Törrönen Jukka and Rauramaa Rainer},
  title = {Hemoglobin A(1c) Reporting Units and Diagnostic Cut-Offs in Relation to International Recommendations},
  journal = {International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences},
  volume = {5},
  number = {1},
  pages = {19-25},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijcems.20190501.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcems.20190501.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijcems.20190501.15},
  abstract = {Purpose. In this account were studied the use of units and cut-off limits for hemoglobin A(1c) in worldwide clinical laboratory practice and the quality assurance ranges of hemoglobin A(1c) by calculating the target limits from the values of Labquality Ltd. and ERLGH. Methods. The use of HbA(1c) units and the diagnostic limits for diabetes were examined using e-mail and letter inquiries to 37–51 societies of laboratory medicine (mainly clinical chemistry) sent from 2009 to 2017. The parametric statistical programs of Labquality Ltd., SPSS® 13.0, and MS Excel 2013 (Microsoft® Co., Cambridge, MA, USA) were used. Results. The mean values of the Finnish quality control organization Labquality Ltd. and the corresponding values from the HbA(1c) queries as to the percentage and mmol/mol SI units (IFCC) were used. The IFCC system for hemoglobin A(1c) is slowly but constantly gaining acceptance in Europe, but remains quite rare outside Europe where the percentage results were correspondingly lower. The mean round values of Labquality Ltd. and the corresponding mean values of the European Reference Laboratory for Glycohemoglobin (ERLGH) showed equal ranges for calculation of the target values with ± 6% intervals for the percentage results and ± 8% intervals for the mmol/mol results. Conclusions. To avoid confusion, the overall use of mmol/mol as a single unit for HbA(1c) may be the best option when the IFCC system has been accepted worldwide. The target values can be calculated equally well from the mean values of Labquality Ltd. and the ERLGH values in terms of both per percentage and mmol/mol units.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Hemoglobin A(1c) Reporting Units and Diagnostic Cut-Offs in Relation to International Recommendations
AU - Penttilä Ilkka
AU - Penttilä Karri
AU - Laitinen Harri
AU - Ranta Päivi
AU - Törrönen Jukka
AU - Rauramaa Rainer
Y1 - 2019/05/20
PY - 2019
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcems.20190501.15
DO - 10.11648/j.ijcems.20190501.15
T2 - International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences
JF - International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences
JO - International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences
SP - 19
EP - 25
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2469-8032
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcems.20190501.15
AB - Purpose. In this account were studied the use of units and cut-off limits for hemoglobin A(1c) in worldwide clinical laboratory practice and the quality assurance ranges of hemoglobin A(1c) by calculating the target limits from the values of Labquality Ltd. and ERLGH. Methods. The use of HbA(1c) units and the diagnostic limits for diabetes were examined using e-mail and letter inquiries to 37–51 societies of laboratory medicine (mainly clinical chemistry) sent from 2009 to 2017. The parametric statistical programs of Labquality Ltd., SPSS® 13.0, and MS Excel 2013 (Microsoft® Co., Cambridge, MA, USA) were used. Results. The mean values of the Finnish quality control organization Labquality Ltd. and the corresponding values from the HbA(1c) queries as to the percentage and mmol/mol SI units (IFCC) were used. The IFCC system for hemoglobin A(1c) is slowly but constantly gaining acceptance in Europe, but remains quite rare outside Europe where the percentage results were correspondingly lower. The mean round values of Labquality Ltd. and the corresponding mean values of the European Reference Laboratory for Glycohemoglobin (ERLGH) showed equal ranges for calculation of the target values with ± 6% intervals for the percentage results and ± 8% intervals for the mmol/mol results. Conclusions. To avoid confusion, the overall use of mmol/mol as a single unit for HbA(1c) may be the best option when the IFCC system has been accepted worldwide. The target values can be calculated equally well from the mean values of Labquality Ltd. and the ERLGH values in terms of both per percentage and mmol/mol units.
VL - 5
IS - 1
ER -

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Author Information

Penttilä Ilkka
Penttilä Karri
Laitinen Harri

The International External Quality Assessment Schemes for, Clinical Laboratories Labquality Ltd., Kumpulankatu, Helsinki, Finland
Ranta Päivi
Törrönen Jukka
Rauramaa Rainer

Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Haapaniementie, Kuopio, Finland

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APA Style

Penttilä Ilkka, Penttilä Karri, Laitinen Harri, Ranta Päivi, Törrönen Jukka, et al. (2019). Hemoglobin A(1c) Reporting Units and Diagnostic Cut-Offs in Relation to International Recommendations. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences, 5(1), 19-25. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcems.20190501.15

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ACS Style

Penttilä Ilkka; Penttilä Karri; Laitinen Harri; Ranta Päivi; Törrönen Jukka, et al. Hemoglobin A(1c) Reporting Units and Diagnostic Cut-Offs in Relation to International Recommendations. Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med. Sci. 2019, 5(1), 19-25. doi: 10.11648/j.ijcems.20190501.15

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AMA Style

Penttilä Ilkka, Penttilä Karri, Laitinen Harri, Ranta Päivi, Törrönen Jukka, et al. Hemoglobin A(1c) Reporting Units and Diagnostic Cut-Offs in Relation to International Recommendations. Int J Clin Exp Med Sci. 2019;5(1):19-25. doi: 10.11648/j.ijcems.20190501.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ijcems.20190501.15,
  author = {Penttilä Ilkka and Penttilä Karri and Laitinen Harri and Ranta Päivi and Törrönen Jukka and Rauramaa Rainer},
  title = {Hemoglobin A(1c) Reporting Units and Diagnostic Cut-Offs in Relation to International Recommendations},
  journal = {International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences},
  volume = {5},
  number = {1},
  pages = {19-25},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijcems.20190501.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcems.20190501.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijcems.20190501.15},
  abstract = {Purpose. In this account were studied the use of units and cut-off limits for hemoglobin A(1c) in worldwide clinical laboratory practice and the quality assurance ranges of hemoglobin A(1c) by calculating the target limits from the values of Labquality Ltd. and ERLGH. Methods. The use of HbA(1c) units and the diagnostic limits for diabetes were examined using e-mail and letter inquiries to 37–51 societies of laboratory medicine (mainly clinical chemistry) sent from 2009 to 2017. The parametric statistical programs of Labquality Ltd., SPSS® 13.0, and MS Excel 2013 (Microsoft® Co., Cambridge, MA, USA) were used. Results. The mean values of the Finnish quality control organization Labquality Ltd. and the corresponding values from the HbA(1c) queries as to the percentage and mmol/mol SI units (IFCC) were used. The IFCC system for hemoglobin A(1c) is slowly but constantly gaining acceptance in Europe, but remains quite rare outside Europe where the percentage results were correspondingly lower. The mean round values of Labquality Ltd. and the corresponding mean values of the European Reference Laboratory for Glycohemoglobin (ERLGH) showed equal ranges for calculation of the target values with ± 6% intervals for the percentage results and ± 8% intervals for the mmol/mol results. Conclusions. To avoid confusion, the overall use of mmol/mol as a single unit for HbA(1c) may be the best option when the IFCC system has been accepted worldwide. The target values can be calculated equally well from the mean values of Labquality Ltd. and the ERLGH values in terms of both per percentage and mmol/mol units.},
 year = {2019}
}

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