Evolutionary Profile of Cellulitis and Erysipelas of Lower Limbs in a Level-Two Healthcare Facility in Brazzaville, Congo

Edith Sophie Bayonne-Kombo; Axel Gillius Aloumba; Aude Kanga Okandzé; Yanichka Voumbo-Mavoungou; Alphonse Gathsé

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijidt.20200501.12

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Evolutionary Profile of Cellulitis and Erysipelas of Lower Limbs in a Level-Two Healthcare Facility in Brazzaville, Congo

Edith Sophie Bayonne-Kombo, Axel Gillius Aloumba, Aude Kanga Okandzé, Yanichka Voumbo-Mavoungou, Alphonse Gathsé

Published in International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy (Volume 5, Issue 1)

Received: 24 January 2020 Accepted: 12 February 2020 Published: 19 February 2020

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Abstract

Background: Cellulitis/erysipelas are the most frequent reason for hospitalization in dermatology departments. Objective: To describe evolutionary profile of cellulitis/erysipelas and to determine associated factors with the long hospital stay. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out from January 2016 to December 2018 in Talangaï Reference Hospital, that included patients hospitalized for cellulitis or erysipelas of the lower limbs. Necrotizing fasciitis cases were excluded. A hospital stay of more than 11 days was considered long. Sociodemographic, clinical and biological data were collected and processed with Epi Info 7.2.1.0. The Chi-square and Fisher tests were used for univariate analysis. Logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. Results: One hundred and five patients were included, with an average age of 50.7 (±15) years. They were 26 (24.8%) men and 79 (74.2%) women. Antibiotic regimen used was amoxicillin in 19 (18.1%) cases, amoxicillin / clavulanic acid in 40 (38.1%) cases and ceftriaxone in 46 (43.8%) cases. The outcome was favorable in 69 (65.7%) patients. Fever persisted after 5 days-treatment in 19 (28.3%) patients out of 67 initially. Complications were cutaneous necrosis in 19 (18.0%) cases, abscess in 14 (13.3%) cases, severe sepsis and necrotizing fasciitis in 7 and 4 cases, respectively. Two patients died. The average length of hospital stay was 13 days (±7.5) and 44 (41.9%) cases had a long hospital stay. The bullous forms of cellulitis/erysipelas [aOR=4.8, 95%CI (1.9-12.4); p=0.001] and the occurrence of complications [aOR=3.2, 95%CI (1.1-8.7); p=0.026] were associated with a long hospital stay. Conclusion: Cellulitis and erysipelas are potentially serious. Despite treatment, complications can occur, including necrosis and abscess. Effective management, including early medical treatment, daily thorough monitoring of patients, appropriate local care and collaboration with surgeons, is necessary to improve the prognosis of the disease.

Published in	International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy (Volume 5, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijidt.20200501.12
Page(s)	4-8
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Cellulitis, Erysipelas, Complication, Abscess, Hospitalization, Congo

References

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Edith Sophie Bayonne-Kombo, Axel Gillius Aloumba, Aude Kanga Okandzé, Yanichka Voumbo-Mavoungou, Alphonse Gathsé. (2020). Evolutionary Profile of Cellulitis and Erysipelas of Lower Limbs in a Level-Two Healthcare Facility in Brazzaville, Congo. International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy, 5(1), 4-8. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijidt.20200501.12

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ACS Style

Edith Sophie Bayonne-Kombo; Axel Gillius Aloumba; Aude Kanga Okandzé; Yanichka Voumbo-Mavoungou; Alphonse Gathsé. Evolutionary Profile of Cellulitis and Erysipelas of Lower Limbs in a Level-Two Healthcare Facility in Brazzaville, Congo. Int. J. Infect. Dis. Ther. 2020, 5(1), 4-8. doi: 10.11648/j.ijidt.20200501.12

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Edith Sophie Bayonne-Kombo, Axel Gillius Aloumba, Aude Kanga Okandzé, Yanichka Voumbo-Mavoungou, Alphonse Gathsé. Evolutionary Profile of Cellulitis and Erysipelas of Lower Limbs in a Level-Two Healthcare Facility in Brazzaville, Congo. Int J Infect Dis Ther. 2020;5(1):4-8. doi: 10.11648/j.ijidt.20200501.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijidt.20200501.12,
  author = {Edith Sophie Bayonne-Kombo and Axel Gillius Aloumba and Aude Kanga Okandzé and Yanichka Voumbo-Mavoungou and Alphonse Gathsé},
  title = {Evolutionary Profile of Cellulitis and Erysipelas of Lower Limbs in a Level-Two Healthcare Facility in Brazzaville, Congo},
  journal = {International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy},
  volume = {5},
  number = {1},
  pages = {4-8},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijidt.20200501.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijidt.20200501.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijidt.20200501.12},
  abstract = {Background: Cellulitis/erysipelas are the most frequent reason for hospitalization in dermatology departments. Objective: To describe evolutionary profile of cellulitis/erysipelas and to determine associated factors with the long hospital stay. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out from January 2016 to December 2018 in Talangaï Reference Hospital, that included patients hospitalized for cellulitis or erysipelas of the lower limbs. Necrotizing fasciitis cases were excluded. A hospital stay of more than 11 days was considered long. Sociodemographic, clinical and biological data were collected and processed with Epi Info 7.2.1.0. The Chi-square and Fisher tests were used for univariate analysis. Logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. Results: One hundred and five patients were included, with an average age of 50.7 (±15) years. They were 26 (24.8%) men and 79 (74.2%) women. Antibiotic regimen used was amoxicillin in 19 (18.1%) cases, amoxicillin / clavulanic acid in 40 (38.1%) cases and ceftriaxone in 46 (43.8%) cases. The outcome was favorable in 69 (65.7%) patients. Fever persisted after 5 days-treatment in 19 (28.3%) patients out of 67 initially. Complications were cutaneous necrosis in 19 (18.0%) cases, abscess in 14 (13.3%) cases, severe sepsis and necrotizing fasciitis in 7 and 4 cases, respectively. Two patients died. The average length of hospital stay was 13 days (±7.5) and 44 (41.9%) cases had a long hospital stay. The bullous forms of cellulitis/erysipelas [aOR=4.8, 95%CI (1.9-12.4); p=0.001] and the occurrence of complications [aOR=3.2, 95%CI (1.1-8.7); p=0.026] were associated with a long hospital stay. Conclusion: Cellulitis and erysipelas are potentially serious. Despite treatment, complications can occur, including necrosis and abscess. Effective management, including early medical treatment, daily thorough monitoring of patients, appropriate local care and collaboration with surgeons, is necessary to improve the prognosis of the disease.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Evolutionary Profile of Cellulitis and Erysipelas of Lower Limbs in a Level-Two Healthcare Facility in Brazzaville, Congo
AU - Edith Sophie Bayonne-Kombo
AU - Axel Gillius Aloumba
AU - Aude Kanga Okandzé
AU - Yanichka Voumbo-Mavoungou
AU - Alphonse Gathsé
Y1 - 2020/02/19
PY - 2020
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijidt.20200501.12
DO - 10.11648/j.ijidt.20200501.12
T2 - International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy
JF - International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy
JO - International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy
SP - 4
EP - 8
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2578-966X
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijidt.20200501.12
AB - Background: Cellulitis/erysipelas are the most frequent reason for hospitalization in dermatology departments. Objective: To describe evolutionary profile of cellulitis/erysipelas and to determine associated factors with the long hospital stay. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out from January 2016 to December 2018 in Talangaï Reference Hospital, that included patients hospitalized for cellulitis or erysipelas of the lower limbs. Necrotizing fasciitis cases were excluded. A hospital stay of more than 11 days was considered long. Sociodemographic, clinical and biological data were collected and processed with Epi Info 7.2.1.0. The Chi-square and Fisher tests were used for univariate analysis. Logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. Results: One hundred and five patients were included, with an average age of 50.7 (±15) years. They were 26 (24.8%) men and 79 (74.2%) women. Antibiotic regimen used was amoxicillin in 19 (18.1%) cases, amoxicillin / clavulanic acid in 40 (38.1%) cases and ceftriaxone in 46 (43.8%) cases. The outcome was favorable in 69 (65.7%) patients. Fever persisted after 5 days-treatment in 19 (28.3%) patients out of 67 initially. Complications were cutaneous necrosis in 19 (18.0%) cases, abscess in 14 (13.3%) cases, severe sepsis and necrotizing fasciitis in 7 and 4 cases, respectively. Two patients died. The average length of hospital stay was 13 days (±7.5) and 44 (41.9%) cases had a long hospital stay. The bullous forms of cellulitis/erysipelas [aOR=4.8, 95%CI (1.9-12.4); p=0.001] and the occurrence of complications [aOR=3.2, 95%CI (1.1-8.7); p=0.026] were associated with a long hospital stay. Conclusion: Cellulitis and erysipelas are potentially serious. Despite treatment, complications can occur, including necrosis and abscess. Effective management, including early medical treatment, daily thorough monitoring of patients, appropriate local care and collaboration with surgeons, is necessary to improve the prognosis of the disease.
VL - 5
IS - 1
ER -

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Author Information

Edith Sophie Bayonne-Kombo

Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo
Axel Gillius Aloumba

Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo
Aude Kanga Okandzé

Department of Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, Talanga? Reference Hospital, Brazzaville, Congo
Yanichka Voumbo-Mavoungou

Department of Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, Talanga? Reference Hospital, Brazzaville, Congo
Alphonse Gathsé

Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo

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Edith Sophie Bayonne-Kombo, Axel Gillius Aloumba, Aude Kanga Okandzé, Yanichka Voumbo-Mavoungou, Alphonse Gathsé. (2020). Evolutionary Profile of Cellulitis and Erysipelas of Lower Limbs in a Level-Two Healthcare Facility in Brazzaville, Congo. International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy, 5(1), 4-8. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijidt.20200501.12

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Edith Sophie Bayonne-Kombo; Axel Gillius Aloumba; Aude Kanga Okandzé; Yanichka Voumbo-Mavoungou; Alphonse Gathsé. Evolutionary Profile of Cellulitis and Erysipelas of Lower Limbs in a Level-Two Healthcare Facility in Brazzaville, Congo. Int. J. Infect. Dis. Ther. 2020, 5(1), 4-8. doi: 10.11648/j.ijidt.20200501.12

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AMA Style

Edith Sophie Bayonne-Kombo, Axel Gillius Aloumba, Aude Kanga Okandzé, Yanichka Voumbo-Mavoungou, Alphonse Gathsé. Evolutionary Profile of Cellulitis and Erysipelas of Lower Limbs in a Level-Two Healthcare Facility in Brazzaville, Congo. Int J Infect Dis Ther. 2020;5(1):4-8. doi: 10.11648/j.ijidt.20200501.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijidt.20200501.12,
  author = {Edith Sophie Bayonne-Kombo and Axel Gillius Aloumba and Aude Kanga Okandzé and Yanichka Voumbo-Mavoungou and Alphonse Gathsé},
  title = {Evolutionary Profile of Cellulitis and Erysipelas of Lower Limbs in a Level-Two Healthcare Facility in Brazzaville, Congo},
  journal = {International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy},
  volume = {5},
  number = {1},
  pages = {4-8},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijidt.20200501.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijidt.20200501.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijidt.20200501.12},
  abstract = {Background: Cellulitis/erysipelas are the most frequent reason for hospitalization in dermatology departments. Objective: To describe evolutionary profile of cellulitis/erysipelas and to determine associated factors with the long hospital stay. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out from January 2016 to December 2018 in Talangaï Reference Hospital, that included patients hospitalized for cellulitis or erysipelas of the lower limbs. Necrotizing fasciitis cases were excluded. A hospital stay of more than 11 days was considered long. Sociodemographic, clinical and biological data were collected and processed with Epi Info 7.2.1.0. The Chi-square and Fisher tests were used for univariate analysis. Logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. Results: One hundred and five patients were included, with an average age of 50.7 (±15) years. They were 26 (24.8%) men and 79 (74.2%) women. Antibiotic regimen used was amoxicillin in 19 (18.1%) cases, amoxicillin / clavulanic acid in 40 (38.1%) cases and ceftriaxone in 46 (43.8%) cases. The outcome was favorable in 69 (65.7%) patients. Fever persisted after 5 days-treatment in 19 (28.3%) patients out of 67 initially. Complications were cutaneous necrosis in 19 (18.0%) cases, abscess in 14 (13.3%) cases, severe sepsis and necrotizing fasciitis in 7 and 4 cases, respectively. Two patients died. The average length of hospital stay was 13 days (±7.5) and 44 (41.9%) cases had a long hospital stay. The bullous forms of cellulitis/erysipelas [aOR=4.8, 95%CI (1.9-12.4); p=0.001] and the occurrence of complications [aOR=3.2, 95%CI (1.1-8.7); p=0.026] were associated with a long hospital stay. Conclusion: Cellulitis and erysipelas are potentially serious. Despite treatment, complications can occur, including necrosis and abscess. Effective management, including early medical treatment, daily thorough monitoring of patients, appropriate local care and collaboration with surgeons, is necessary to improve the prognosis of the disease.},
 year = {2020}
}

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