Accumulation of Lead, Cadmium and Iron in Topsoil of Ori-Ile Battery Waste Dumpsite and Surrounding Gradient Point Areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria

Afolayan Adedotun Onoyinka; Hassan Amusat Titilayo

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12

| Peer-Reviewed

Accumulation of Lead, Cadmium and Iron in Topsoil of Ori-Ile Battery Waste Dumpsite and Surrounding Gradient Point Areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria

Afolayan Adedotun Onoyinka, Hassan Amusat Titilayo

Published in International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy (Volume 2, Issue 5)

Received: 25 August 2017 Accepted: 11 September 2017 Published: 23 October 2017

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

The disposal of waste is proving to be a major public health issue and a vital factor affecting the quality of the environment especially in the developing countries. Battery waste consists of toxic heavy metals and its incongruous disposal on the Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite at Olodo, Ibadan has elicited public health concerns. This study was designed to determine the concentration of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and iron (Fe) within the topsoil of Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite and surrounding gradient point areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria. An auto-battery Waste Dumpsite (WD), Ori-Ile, Olodo was purposively selected for the study. One hundred and thirty six (136) soil samples were collected every two months (March 2008 to July 2009) from the waste dumpsite and along the along North, South, East and West (N, S, E, W) directions at 5 m intervals from the edge of the wastedump site. Control soil samples were collected from Moor Plantation (MP), Ibadan. All soil samples collected were analyzed for Pb, Cd, and Fe. Mean concentrations of Pb, Cd and Fe concentration (mg/kg) in topsoil from the waste dumpsite was Pb: 4273.8±1436.7, Cd: 258.4±123.1, Fe: 7910.0±791.5 while that from North was Pb: 4693.8±1107.9, Cd: 274.3±94.8, Fe: 8346.7±740.0; South was Pb: 4353.3±867.0, Cd: 255.2±71.4, Fe: 8189.6± 603.5; East was Pb: 4351.3±832.9, Cd: 248.2±65.6, Fe: 8130.0±639.5; West was Pb: 4698.3±1020.8, Cd: 278.4±86.9, Fe: 7851.3±676.8 respectively. These were significantly higher than values obtained from the reference soil (157.0±39.8, 2.2±1.2, 976.3±353.9 mg/kg respectively) and National Environmental Standard Regulation Agency (NESREA) limits (164mgPb/kg and 50mgCd/kg). Also, soil contamination factor values obtained were greater than 6 and this indicated severe contamination. Overall, these results have shown that the levels of Pb, Cd and Fe in all sampled topsoil were several folds above the limits set by NESREA. High accumulation of heavy metals was found in the topsoil of Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite, Olodo, Ibadan and its surroundings and this could lead to further contamination of surface water, ground water and living organisms within this polluted sites. The health of all living biota within the area could also be negatively impacted.

Published in	International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy (Volume 2, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12
Page(s)	68-78
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Lead, Cadmium, Iron, Heavy metals, Accumulation, Contamination Factor, Battery Waste Dumpsite, Ori-Ile Olodo

References

[1]	Oni, A. A., 2010. Physico-chemical parameters and toxicity of solid waste and leachates on selected animals at Aba-Eku landfill site, Ibadan, Nigeria. Ph.D. Thesis. Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan. 330p.
[2]	Kumar, D., Rai, J. and Gaur, J. P., 2012. Removal of metal ions by Phormidium bigranulatum (Cyanobacteria)-dominated mat in batch and continuous flow systems. Bioresour. Technol., 104 (2012), pp. 202–207.
[3]	Shivhare L. and Sharma S (2012). Effects of toxic heavy metal contaminated soil on an ornamental plant Georgina wild (Dahlia). Environ Anal Toxicol 2.
[4]	Swarup, D., Patra R. C., Naresh R., Kumar P., Shekhar P. and Baragangatharathilagar M., 2006. Lowered blood copper and cobalt contents in goats reared around lead-zinc smelter. Small Ruminant Res., 63: 309-313.
[5]	Manali, O. 2010. Facts about land pollution. ©2000-2009, 2010 Buzzle.com®. Retrieved from: www.buzzle.com/articles/facts-about-land-pollution.html
[6]	United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), 2011. Integrated Risk Information System: Copper (CASRN 7440-50-8). Copper and cancer. Accessed March 11, 2011.
[7]	Mwegoha, W. and Kihampa, C., 2010. Heavy Metal Contamination in Agricultural Soils and Water in Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, Vol 4 (11) pp 763-769.
[8]	European Union, 2002. Heavy Metals in Wastes, European Commission on Environment (http://ec.europa.eu/environment/waste/studies/pdf/heavy_metalsreport.pdf)
[9]	United States Department of Agriculture, (USDA), 2000. Heavy Metals Contamination, Soil Quality Urban Technical Note 3, Natural Resources Conservation Service
[10]	Agusa, T., Kunito, T., Fujihara, J., Kubota, R., Minh, T. B., Trang, P. T. K., Iwata, H., Subramanin, A., Viet, O. H. and Tanabe S., 2006. Contamination by Arsenic and other trace elements in tube-well water and its risk assessment to humans in Hanoi, Vietnam. Environ. Poll. 139, 95-106.
[11]	Needleman, H. L., Schell, A., Bellinger, D., Leviton, A. and Allred, E. N., 1990. The long-term effects of exposure to low doses of lead in childhood: an 11 year followup report. N. Engl. J. Med. 32, 83–88.
[12]	Kumar, D., Rai, J. and Gaur, J. P., 2012. Removal of metal ions by Phormidium bigranulatum (Cyanobacteria)-dominated mat in batch and continuous flow systems. Bioresour. Technol., 104 (2012), pp. 202–207.
[13]	Alloway, B. J., 2004. Zinc in Soils and Crop Nutrition. International Zinc Association, Brussels. 130pp. Available at www.zinc-crops.org
[14]	All Recycling Facts, 2012. Type of Pollution on land. In: all-recycling-facts.com. Copyright 2009 – 2014.
[15]	Järup, L., 2003. Hazards of heavy metal contamination, Brit. Med. Bull., 68: 167-182.
[16]	Sathawara, N. G., Parikh, D. J., and Agarwal, Y. K., 2004. Essential heavy metals in environmental samples from western India. Bul. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 73: 756 -761.
[17]	Yusuf, A. A., Arowolo T. A. and Bamgbose O., 2003. Cadmium, copper and nickel levels in vegetables from industrial and residential areas of Lagos City, Nigeria. Food Chem. Toxicol., 41: 375-378.
[18]	Oyediran, I. A. and Aladejana, J. A., 2011. Assessment of Impact and Safety Status of Remediation of Lead Contaminated Soil using Excavation Method: A Case Study of Olodo, Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria. Proceedings of the Environmental Management Conference, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.
[19]	Adeagbo, O. A., 2011. Impact of waste batteries dumpsite on the water quality of parts of Ibadan northeast (sheet 261), southwestern Nigeria. Global journal of pure and applied sciences 17: 2.
[20]	Olusoga, T. O. and Osibanjo, O. O., 2007. Contamination of soil with battery wastes: prospect for phytoremediation. European Journal of Scientific Research 17. 1: 6-10.
[21]	Adie, G. U. and Osibanjo, O., 2009. Assessment of Soil-Pollution by Slag from an Automobile Battery Manufacturing Plant in Nigeria. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 3 (9): 239-250.
[22]	Sridhar, S., Botbol, Y., Macian, F. and Cuervo, A. M., 2012. Autophagy and Disease: Always Two Sides to a Problem. J Pathol. 226(2): 255–273
[23]	GIS Konsult (Geography Information System), 2012. Map informations and Geographical Mapping. Opposite Awolowo Junction, Bodija, Ibadan.
[24]	United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), 2000. Data Quality Objectives Process for Hazardous Waste Site Investigations. EPA QA/G-4HW Final. Office of Environmental Information Washington, DC 20460.
[25]	Agunbiade, F. O. and Fawale, A. T., 2009. Use of Siam Weed Biomarker in Assessing Heavy Metal Contamination in Traffic and Solid Waste Polluted Areas. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 6 (2): 267-276.
[26]	Tomlinson D. L., Wilson, J. G., Harris C. R. and Jeffrey D. W. 1980. Problems in Assessment of Heavy Metals in Estuaries and the Formation of Pollution Index. Helgoland Marine Research • March 1980. (10) 1007.
[27]	National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency. (NESREA), 2011. National Environmental (Surface and Groundwater quality) Regulations. S. I. 22.
[28]	Chirenje, T., Ma, L., Reeves, M. and Szulczewski, M., 2004. Lead distribution in near-surface soils of two Florida cities: Gainesville and Miami. Geoderma 119: 113–120.
[29]	World Health Organization, (WHO), 1989. Heavy metals - environmental aspects. Environment Health Criteria. No. 85. Geneva, Switzerland.
[30]	Kabata-Pendias A. and Pendias, H. K., 1984. Trace Elements in soils and Plants. 2nd edition. CRC Press, Boca Raton Ann Arbor. 10-20p, 45-78p.
[31]	Atayese, M. O., A. I. Eigbadon, K. A. Oluwa and J. K. Adeosun, 2008. Heavy metal contamination of Amaranthus grown along major highways in Lagos, Nigeria. Afr. Crop Sci. J., 16: 225-235.
[32]	Onianwa, P. C. and Fakayode, S. O., 2000. Lead contamination of topsoil and vegetation in the vicinity of a battery factory in Nigeria. Environmental Geochemistry and Health 22.3: 211-218.
[33]	World Health Organization, (WHO), 1992. Cadmium. International programme on chemical safety. Environmental Health criteria 134: 13.
[34]	Eddy, N. O., Odoemelem, S. A. and Mbaba, A., 2006. Elemental compositions of soil in some dump sites. Journal of environmental, agricultural and food chemistry 5.3: 1349-1365.
[35]	Sleshi Fentie Tadesse, Worku Lakew Kebede. Determination of the Level of Selected Heavy Metals from Khat Leaves (Cata Edulis Forsk) Grown in Gidolle Konso and Koyira, Southern Ethiopia. Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry. Vol. 3, No. 6, 2015, pp. 115-121. doi: 10.11648/j.sjac.20150306.16.
[36]	Mohamed Ezeldin, Sulieman A. G. Nasir, Ali M. Masaad, Nawal M. Suleman. Determination of Some Heavy Metals in Raw Petroleum Wastewater Samples Before and After Passing on Australis Phragmites Plant. American Journal of Environmental Protection. Vol. 4, No. 6, 2015, pp. 354-357. doi: 10.11648/j.ajep.20150406.22.
[37]	Rieuwerts, J. S., Ashnore, M. R. and Farago, M. E. and Thornton, I., 2006. The influence of soil characteristics on the extractability of Cd, Pb and Zn in upland and moorland soils. Sci. Total Environ., 366, 864-875.
[38]	Navas, A. and Machin, J., 2002. Spatial distribution of heavy metals and arsenic in soils of aragon (North-East spain): controlling factors and environmental implications. Applied geochemistry 17: 961-973.
[39]	Sadiq Abdurrahman Abubakar Shawai, Halima Ibrahim Muktar, Ado Garba Bataiya, Idris Imam Abdullahi, Ibrahim Muhammad Shamsuddin, Abba Shehu Yahaya, Maimua Suleiman, A Review on Heavy Metals Contamination in Water and Soil: Effects, Sources and Phytoremediation Techniques, International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy. Vol. 2, No. 2, 2017, pp. 21-27. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170202.12.
[40]	Ite, A. E., I. I. Udusoro, and U. J. Ibok, “Distribution of some Atmospheric Heavy metals in Lichen and Moss samples collected from Eket and Ibeno Local government Areas of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.” American journal of Environmental protection, 2(1). 22-31, 2014.
[41]	Etesin, U. M., A. E. Ite, T. A. Harry, C. E. Bassey, and E. W. Nsi, “Assessment of cadmium and lead distribution in the outcrop Rocks of Abakaliki Anticlinorium in the southern Benue Trough, Nigeria”. Journal of Environmental pollution and Human Health, 3(3). 62-69. 2015.
[42]	Iwegbue, C. M. A., Egobueze, F. E. and Opuene, K., 2006. Preliminary assessment of heavy metals levels of soils of an oil field in the Niger Delta, Nig., Int. J. Environ. Sci. Tech. 3(2): 167–172.
[43]	Chen, T., Liu, X., Li, X., Zhao, K., Zhang, J., Xu, J., Shi, J. and Dahlgren, R. A., 2009. Heavy metal sources identification and sampling uncertainty analysis in a field-scale vegetable soil of Hang Zhou, China. Environ. Pollution, 157: 1003–1010.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Afolayan Adedotun Onoyinka, Hassan Amusat Titilayo. (2017). Accumulation of Lead, Cadmium and Iron in Topsoil of Ori-Ile Battery Waste Dumpsite and Surrounding Gradient Point Areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria. International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy, 2(5), 68-78. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Afolayan Adedotun Onoyinka; Hassan Amusat Titilayo. Accumulation of Lead, Cadmium and Iron in Topsoil of Ori-Ile Battery Waste Dumpsite and Surrounding Gradient Point Areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria. Int. J. Miner. Process. Extr. Metall. 2017, 2(5), 68-78. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Afolayan Adedotun Onoyinka, Hassan Amusat Titilayo. Accumulation of Lead, Cadmium and Iron in Topsoil of Ori-Ile Battery Waste Dumpsite and Surrounding Gradient Point Areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria. Int J Miner Process Extr Metall. 2017;2(5):68-78. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12,
  author = {Afolayan Adedotun Onoyinka and Hassan Amusat Titilayo},
  title = {Accumulation of Lead, Cadmium and Iron in Topsoil of Ori-Ile Battery Waste Dumpsite and Surrounding Gradient Point Areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria},
  journal = {International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy},
  volume = {2},
  number = {5},
  pages = {68-78},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmpem.20170205.12},
  abstract = {The disposal of waste is proving to be a major public health issue and a vital factor affecting the quality of the environment especially in the developing countries. Battery waste consists of toxic heavy metals and its incongruous disposal on the Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite at Olodo, Ibadan has elicited public health concerns. This study was designed to determine the concentration of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and iron (Fe) within the topsoil of Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite and surrounding gradient point areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria. An auto-battery Waste Dumpsite (WD), Ori-Ile, Olodo was purposively selected for the study. One hundred and thirty six (136) soil samples were collected every two months (March 2008 to July 2009) from the waste dumpsite and along the along North, South, East and West (N, S, E, W) directions at 5 m intervals from the edge of the wastedump site. Control soil samples were collected from Moor Plantation (MP), Ibadan. All soil samples collected were analyzed for Pb, Cd, and Fe. Mean concentrations of Pb, Cd and Fe concentration (mg/kg) in topsoil from the waste dumpsite was Pb: 4273.8±1436.7, Cd: 258.4±123.1, Fe: 7910.0±791.5 while that from North was Pb: 4693.8±1107.9, Cd: 274.3±94.8, Fe: 8346.7±740.0; South was Pb: 4353.3±867.0, Cd: 255.2±71.4, Fe: 8189.6± 603.5; East was Pb: 4351.3±832.9, Cd: 248.2±65.6, Fe: 8130.0±639.5; West was Pb: 4698.3±1020.8, Cd: 278.4±86.9, Fe: 7851.3±676.8 respectively. These were significantly higher than values obtained from the reference soil (157.0±39.8, 2.2±1.2, 976.3±353.9 mg/kg respectively) and National Environmental Standard Regulation Agency (NESREA) limits (164mgPb/kg and 50mgCd/kg). Also, soil contamination factor values obtained were greater than 6 and this indicated severe contamination. Overall, these results have shown that the levels of Pb, Cd and Fe in all sampled topsoil were several folds above the limits set by NESREA. High accumulation of heavy metals was found in the topsoil of Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite, Olodo, Ibadan and its surroundings and this could lead to further contamination of surface water, ground water and living organisms within this polluted sites. The health of all living biota within the area could also be negatively impacted.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Accumulation of Lead, Cadmium and Iron in Topsoil of Ori-Ile Battery Waste Dumpsite and Surrounding Gradient Point Areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria
AU  - Afolayan Adedotun Onoyinka
AU  - Hassan Amusat Titilayo
Y1  - 2017/10/23
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12
T2  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
JF  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
JO  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
SP  - 68
EP  - 78
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1859
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12
AB  - The disposal of waste is proving to be a major public health issue and a vital factor affecting the quality of the environment especially in the developing countries. Battery waste consists of toxic heavy metals and its incongruous disposal on the Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite at Olodo, Ibadan has elicited public health concerns. This study was designed to determine the concentration of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and iron (Fe) within the topsoil of Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite and surrounding gradient point areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria. An auto-battery Waste Dumpsite (WD), Ori-Ile, Olodo was purposively selected for the study. One hundred and thirty six (136) soil samples were collected every two months (March 2008 to July 2009) from the waste dumpsite and along the along North, South, East and West (N, S, E, W) directions at 5 m intervals from the edge of the wastedump site. Control soil samples were collected from Moor Plantation (MP), Ibadan. All soil samples collected were analyzed for Pb, Cd, and Fe. Mean concentrations of Pb, Cd and Fe concentration (mg/kg) in topsoil from the waste dumpsite was Pb: 4273.8±1436.7, Cd: 258.4±123.1, Fe: 7910.0±791.5 while that from North was Pb: 4693.8±1107.9, Cd: 274.3±94.8, Fe: 8346.7±740.0; South was Pb: 4353.3±867.0, Cd: 255.2±71.4, Fe: 8189.6± 603.5; East was Pb: 4351.3±832.9, Cd: 248.2±65.6, Fe: 8130.0±639.5; West was Pb: 4698.3±1020.8, Cd: 278.4±86.9, Fe: 7851.3±676.8 respectively. These were significantly higher than values obtained from the reference soil (157.0±39.8, 2.2±1.2, 976.3±353.9 mg/kg respectively) and National Environmental Standard Regulation Agency (NESREA) limits (164mgPb/kg and 50mgCd/kg). Also, soil contamination factor values obtained were greater than 6 and this indicated severe contamination. Overall, these results have shown that the levels of Pb, Cd and Fe in all sampled topsoil were several folds above the limits set by NESREA. High accumulation of heavy metals was found in the topsoil of Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite, Olodo, Ibadan and its surroundings and this could lead to further contamination of surface water, ground water and living organisms within this polluted sites. The health of all living biota within the area could also be negatively impacted.
VL  - 2
IS  - 5
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Afolayan Adedotun Onoyinka

Tissue Culture Section, Biotechnology Unit, National Centre for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria
Hassan Amusat Titilayo

Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Afolayan Adedotun Onoyinka, Hassan Amusat Titilayo. (2017). Accumulation of Lead, Cadmium and Iron in Topsoil of Ori-Ile Battery Waste Dumpsite and Surrounding Gradient Point Areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria. International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy, 2(5), 68-78. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Afolayan Adedotun Onoyinka; Hassan Amusat Titilayo. Accumulation of Lead, Cadmium and Iron in Topsoil of Ori-Ile Battery Waste Dumpsite and Surrounding Gradient Point Areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria. Int. J. Miner. Process. Extr. Metall. 2017, 2(5), 68-78. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Afolayan Adedotun Onoyinka, Hassan Amusat Titilayo. Accumulation of Lead, Cadmium and Iron in Topsoil of Ori-Ile Battery Waste Dumpsite and Surrounding Gradient Point Areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria. Int J Miner Process Extr Metall. 2017;2(5):68-78. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12,
  author = {Afolayan Adedotun Onoyinka and Hassan Amusat Titilayo},
  title = {Accumulation of Lead, Cadmium and Iron in Topsoil of Ori-Ile Battery Waste Dumpsite and Surrounding Gradient Point Areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria},
  journal = {International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy},
  volume = {2},
  number = {5},
  pages = {68-78},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmpem.20170205.12},
  abstract = {The disposal of waste is proving to be a major public health issue and a vital factor affecting the quality of the environment especially in the developing countries. Battery waste consists of toxic heavy metals and its incongruous disposal on the Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite at Olodo, Ibadan has elicited public health concerns. This study was designed to determine the concentration of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and iron (Fe) within the topsoil of Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite and surrounding gradient point areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria. An auto-battery Waste Dumpsite (WD), Ori-Ile, Olodo was purposively selected for the study. One hundred and thirty six (136) soil samples were collected every two months (March 2008 to July 2009) from the waste dumpsite and along the along North, South, East and West (N, S, E, W) directions at 5 m intervals from the edge of the wastedump site. Control soil samples were collected from Moor Plantation (MP), Ibadan. All soil samples collected were analyzed for Pb, Cd, and Fe. Mean concentrations of Pb, Cd and Fe concentration (mg/kg) in topsoil from the waste dumpsite was Pb: 4273.8±1436.7, Cd: 258.4±123.1, Fe: 7910.0±791.5 while that from North was Pb: 4693.8±1107.9, Cd: 274.3±94.8, Fe: 8346.7±740.0; South was Pb: 4353.3±867.0, Cd: 255.2±71.4, Fe: 8189.6± 603.5; East was Pb: 4351.3±832.9, Cd: 248.2±65.6, Fe: 8130.0±639.5; West was Pb: 4698.3±1020.8, Cd: 278.4±86.9, Fe: 7851.3±676.8 respectively. These were significantly higher than values obtained from the reference soil (157.0±39.8, 2.2±1.2, 976.3±353.9 mg/kg respectively) and National Environmental Standard Regulation Agency (NESREA) limits (164mgPb/kg and 50mgCd/kg). Also, soil contamination factor values obtained were greater than 6 and this indicated severe contamination. Overall, these results have shown that the levels of Pb, Cd and Fe in all sampled topsoil were several folds above the limits set by NESREA. High accumulation of heavy metals was found in the topsoil of Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite, Olodo, Ibadan and its surroundings and this could lead to further contamination of surface water, ground water and living organisms within this polluted sites. The health of all living biota within the area could also be negatively impacted.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Accumulation of Lead, Cadmium and Iron in Topsoil of Ori-Ile Battery Waste Dumpsite and Surrounding Gradient Point Areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria
AU  - Afolayan Adedotun Onoyinka
AU  - Hassan Amusat Titilayo
Y1  - 2017/10/23
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12
T2  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
JF  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
JO  - International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
SP  - 68
EP  - 78
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1859
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmpem.20170205.12
AB  - The disposal of waste is proving to be a major public health issue and a vital factor affecting the quality of the environment especially in the developing countries. Battery waste consists of toxic heavy metals and its incongruous disposal on the Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite at Olodo, Ibadan has elicited public health concerns. This study was designed to determine the concentration of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and iron (Fe) within the topsoil of Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite and surrounding gradient point areas at Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria. An auto-battery Waste Dumpsite (WD), Ori-Ile, Olodo was purposively selected for the study. One hundred and thirty six (136) soil samples were collected every two months (March 2008 to July 2009) from the waste dumpsite and along the along North, South, East and West (N, S, E, W) directions at 5 m intervals from the edge of the wastedump site. Control soil samples were collected from Moor Plantation (MP), Ibadan. All soil samples collected were analyzed for Pb, Cd, and Fe. Mean concentrations of Pb, Cd and Fe concentration (mg/kg) in topsoil from the waste dumpsite was Pb: 4273.8±1436.7, Cd: 258.4±123.1, Fe: 7910.0±791.5 while that from North was Pb: 4693.8±1107.9, Cd: 274.3±94.8, Fe: 8346.7±740.0; South was Pb: 4353.3±867.0, Cd: 255.2±71.4, Fe: 8189.6± 603.5; East was Pb: 4351.3±832.9, Cd: 248.2±65.6, Fe: 8130.0±639.5; West was Pb: 4698.3±1020.8, Cd: 278.4±86.9, Fe: 7851.3±676.8 respectively. These were significantly higher than values obtained from the reference soil (157.0±39.8, 2.2±1.2, 976.3±353.9 mg/kg respectively) and National Environmental Standard Regulation Agency (NESREA) limits (164mgPb/kg and 50mgCd/kg). Also, soil contamination factor values obtained were greater than 6 and this indicated severe contamination. Overall, these results have shown that the levels of Pb, Cd and Fe in all sampled topsoil were several folds above the limits set by NESREA. High accumulation of heavy metals was found in the topsoil of Ori-Ile battery waste dumpsite, Olodo, Ibadan and its surroundings and this could lead to further contamination of surface water, ground water and living organisms within this polluted sites. The health of all living biota within the area could also be negatively impacted.
VL  - 2
IS  - 5
ER  -

Copy | Download