Heavy Metals in Keana Salt Lake and Some Sources of Drinking Water Within the Keana Salt Lake Community, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

Sule Philip Ivoms Ogah

doi:doi:10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.13

| Peer-Reviewed

Heavy Metals in Keana Salt Lake and Some Sources of Drinking Water Within the Keana Salt Lake Community, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

Sule Philip Ivoms Ogah

Published in Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry (Volume 8, Issue 2)

Received: 2 April 2020 Accepted: 26 April 2020 Published: 14 May 2020

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Utilization of Salt Lake may portend risk in terms of environmental and human health. The study aimed at analyzing for selected metallic ions in Keana Salt Lake and sources of drinking water in Keana Salt Lake Community, so as to identify and determine the amount of heavy metals in comparison with WHO (World Health Organization) permissible limits. Heavy metals analyzed in the study includes Lead (mg/L), Cadmium (mg/L), Copper (mg/L), Iron (mg/L), Nickel (mg/L), Manganese (mg/L), Aluminum (mg/L), Zinc (mg/L), Cobalt (mg/L), Arsenic (mg/L) and Chromium (mg/L). Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) was used to analyze five samples collected in triplicates from well water (WW), Salt Lake water (SLW) Filtrate from salt lake water (FSLW), non-motorized borehole (BH1) and motorized borehole (BH2) located within Keana community, Nasarawa state, Nigeria. Study findings indicate that while Cobalt was not detected in any of the water samples, mean concentration values for Zinc, Copper and Alumunium were within permissible limits set by WHO. Furthermore, mean concentration values for Manganese, Chromium, Iron, Nickel, Cadmium, Lead and Arsenic exceeded WHO permissible limits. Mean concentration levels of some heavy metals analyzed in the study shows that utilizing water in the study area may be hazardous to environmental health. The study recommends regular treatment of water from the study area before utilization by the populace.

Published in	Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry (Volume 8, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.13
Page(s)	56-59
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Heavy Metals, Salt Lake, Mean Concentration Values, AAS, Metallic Ions

References

[1]	Banerji, S, & Mitra, D. (2017). Grey water footprint of domestic households in Salt Lake City, India: An overview. 15–27.
[2]	Koller, M. and Saleh, H. M. (2018). Introductory Chapter: Introducing Heavy Metals. In Heavy Metals. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.74783
[3]	S. K. Sharma. Heavy Metals in Water: Presence, Removal and Safety, Vol. 59, Issue 4. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1595/205651315x689009
[4]	Radulescu, C. et al. (2014). Determination of heavy metal levels in water and therapeutic mud by atomic absorption spectrometry. Romanian Journal of Physics 59 (9–10): 1057–1066.
[5]	Thiros, S. A. (2003). Quality and sources of shallow ground water in areas of recent residential development in Salt Lake Valley, Salt Lake County, Utah. [online] http://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034028
[6]	Banerji, S. and Mitra, D. (2017). Evaluation of water resource management in Salt Lake City, West Bengal, India. Hydrological Sciences Journal 62 (12): 1980–1994. https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2017.1351028
[7]	Borzenko, S. V. and Shvartsev, S. L. (2019). Chemical composition of salt lakes in East Transbaikalia (Russia). Applied Geochemistry 103: 72–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2019.02.014
[8]	Salim, N. A. A. et al. (2009). A study of arsenic and chromium contamination in sediments of freshwater bodies. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin 18 (9): 1618–1623.
[9]	Thorsen, M. L., Handy, R. G., Sleeth, D. K., Thiese, M. S. and Riches, N. O. (2017). A comparison study between previous and current shoreline concentrations of heavy metals at the Great Salt Lake using portable X-ray fluorescence analysis. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment 23 (8): 1941–1954. https://doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2017.1349541
[10]	Agbafor, K. N., Ajah, P. M., Offor, C. E., Igwenyi, I. O. and Ibiam, U. A. (2011). Examination of cardiovascular toxicity and trace elements status in albino rats Treated with Okposi and Uburu salt lakes (Nigeria). Research Journal of Environmental Toxicology, 5 (3): 229–234. https://doi.org/10.3923/rjet.2011.229.234
[11]	Ogbanshi, M. E. et al. (2015). Administration of water and salt samples from Okposi and Uburu Nigerian Salt Lakes induce Oxidative stress in the reproductive parameters of adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Global Journal of Pharmacology 9 (4): 345–351. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.gjp.2015.9.4.10152.
[12]	Tukura, B. W. (2013). Preliminary Assessment of Physicochemical Properties of Borehole Water in the vicinity of Public Health Facilities in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry, 5 (6), 55–63. https://doi.org/10.9790/5736-0565563
[13]	Onunkwo, A. A., Nwagbara, J. O. and Ahiarakwem,.C.A. (2014). Assessment of Heavy Metals in Nnewi under Ground Water. International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, 10 (11): 01–05. http://ijerd.com/paper/vol10-issue11/Version_2/A10110105.pdf%5Cn
[14]	Adeyemi, O., Oloyede, O. B. and Oladiji, A. T. (2007). Physicochemical and Microbial Characteristics of Leachate-Contaminated Groundwater. Asian Journal of Biochemistry, 2 (5): 343–348. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajb.2007.343.348
[15]	Bernard, E. and Ayeni, N. (2012). Physicochemical Analysis of Groundwater Samples of Bichi Local Government Area of Kano State of Nigeria. World Environment 2 (6): 116–119. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.env.20120206.02
[16]	Lar, A. U. (2013). Trace Elements and Health: An Environmental Risk in Nigeria. Earth Sciences, 2 (3): 66. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20130203.11
[17]	Ramos, L., Fernández, M. A., González, M. J. and Hernández, L. M. (1999). Heavy metal pollution in water, sediments, and earthworms from the Ebro River, Spain. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 63 (3): 305–311. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001289900981
[18]	Elijah, A. A. (2014). Physico-chemical Analysis of Some Selected Water Sources Around the Waste Treatment Plant of Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Zaria, Nigeria. MSc Thesis: Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Sule Philip Ivoms Ogah. (2020). Heavy Metals in Keana Salt Lake and Some Sources of Drinking Water Within the Keana Salt Lake Community, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 8(2), 56-59. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.13

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Sule Philip Ivoms Ogah. Heavy Metals in Keana Salt Lake and Some Sources of Drinking Water Within the Keana Salt Lake Community, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Sci. J. Anal. Chem. 2020, 8(2), 56-59. doi: 10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.13

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Sule Philip Ivoms Ogah. Heavy Metals in Keana Salt Lake and Some Sources of Drinking Water Within the Keana Salt Lake Community, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Sci J Anal Chem. 2020;8(2):56-59. doi: 10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.13,
  author = {Sule Philip Ivoms Ogah},
  title = {Heavy Metals in Keana Salt Lake and Some Sources of Drinking Water Within the Keana Salt Lake Community, Nasarawa State, Nigeria},
  journal = {Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {56-59},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjac.20200802.13},
  abstract = {Utilization of Salt Lake may portend risk in terms of environmental and human health. The study aimed at analyzing for selected metallic ions in Keana Salt Lake and sources of drinking water in Keana Salt Lake Community, so as to identify and determine the amount of heavy metals in comparison with WHO (World Health Organization) permissible limits. Heavy metals analyzed in the study includes Lead (mg/L), Cadmium (mg/L), Copper (mg/L), Iron (mg/L), Nickel (mg/L), Manganese (mg/L), Aluminum (mg/L), Zinc (mg/L), Cobalt (mg/L), Arsenic (mg/L) and Chromium (mg/L). Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) was used to analyze five samples collected in triplicates from well water (WW), Salt Lake water (SLW) Filtrate from salt lake water (FSLW), non-motorized borehole (BH1) and motorized borehole (BH2) located within Keana community, Nasarawa state, Nigeria. Study findings indicate that while Cobalt was not detected in any of the water samples, mean concentration values for Zinc, Copper and Alumunium were within permissible limits set by WHO. Furthermore, mean concentration values for Manganese, Chromium, Iron, Nickel, Cadmium, Lead and Arsenic exceeded WHO permissible limits. Mean concentration levels of some heavy metals analyzed in the study shows that utilizing water in the study area may be hazardous to environmental health. The study recommends regular treatment of water from the study area before utilization by the populace.},
 year = {2020}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Heavy Metals in Keana Salt Lake and Some Sources of Drinking Water Within the Keana Salt Lake Community, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
AU  - Sule Philip Ivoms Ogah
Y1  - 2020/05/14
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.13
T2  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
JO  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
SP  - 56
EP  - 59
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-8053
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.13
AB  - Utilization of Salt Lake may portend risk in terms of environmental and human health. The study aimed at analyzing for selected metallic ions in Keana Salt Lake and sources of drinking water in Keana Salt Lake Community, so as to identify and determine the amount of heavy metals in comparison with WHO (World Health Organization) permissible limits. Heavy metals analyzed in the study includes Lead (mg/L), Cadmium (mg/L), Copper (mg/L), Iron (mg/L), Nickel (mg/L), Manganese (mg/L), Aluminum (mg/L), Zinc (mg/L), Cobalt (mg/L), Arsenic (mg/L) and Chromium (mg/L). Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) was used to analyze five samples collected in triplicates from well water (WW), Salt Lake water (SLW) Filtrate from salt lake water (FSLW), non-motorized borehole (BH1) and motorized borehole (BH2) located within Keana community, Nasarawa state, Nigeria. Study findings indicate that while Cobalt was not detected in any of the water samples, mean concentration values for Zinc, Copper and Alumunium were within permissible limits set by WHO. Furthermore, mean concentration values for Manganese, Chromium, Iron, Nickel, Cadmium, Lead and Arsenic exceeded WHO permissible limits. Mean concentration levels of some heavy metals analyzed in the study shows that utilizing water in the study area may be hazardous to environmental health. The study recommends regular treatment of water from the study area before utilization by the populace.
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Sule Philip Ivoms Ogah

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Federal University of Lafia, Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Sule Philip Ivoms Ogah. (2020). Heavy Metals in Keana Salt Lake and Some Sources of Drinking Water Within the Keana Salt Lake Community, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 8(2), 56-59. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.13

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Sule Philip Ivoms Ogah. Heavy Metals in Keana Salt Lake and Some Sources of Drinking Water Within the Keana Salt Lake Community, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Sci. J. Anal. Chem. 2020, 8(2), 56-59. doi: 10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.13

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Sule Philip Ivoms Ogah. Heavy Metals in Keana Salt Lake and Some Sources of Drinking Water Within the Keana Salt Lake Community, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Sci J Anal Chem. 2020;8(2):56-59. doi: 10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.13,
  author = {Sule Philip Ivoms Ogah},
  title = {Heavy Metals in Keana Salt Lake and Some Sources of Drinking Water Within the Keana Salt Lake Community, Nasarawa State, Nigeria},
  journal = {Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {56-59},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjac.20200802.13},
  abstract = {Utilization of Salt Lake may portend risk in terms of environmental and human health. The study aimed at analyzing for selected metallic ions in Keana Salt Lake and sources of drinking water in Keana Salt Lake Community, so as to identify and determine the amount of heavy metals in comparison with WHO (World Health Organization) permissible limits. Heavy metals analyzed in the study includes Lead (mg/L), Cadmium (mg/L), Copper (mg/L), Iron (mg/L), Nickel (mg/L), Manganese (mg/L), Aluminum (mg/L), Zinc (mg/L), Cobalt (mg/L), Arsenic (mg/L) and Chromium (mg/L). Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) was used to analyze five samples collected in triplicates from well water (WW), Salt Lake water (SLW) Filtrate from salt lake water (FSLW), non-motorized borehole (BH1) and motorized borehole (BH2) located within Keana community, Nasarawa state, Nigeria. Study findings indicate that while Cobalt was not detected in any of the water samples, mean concentration values for Zinc, Copper and Alumunium were within permissible limits set by WHO. Furthermore, mean concentration values for Manganese, Chromium, Iron, Nickel, Cadmium, Lead and Arsenic exceeded WHO permissible limits. Mean concentration levels of some heavy metals analyzed in the study shows that utilizing water in the study area may be hazardous to environmental health. The study recommends regular treatment of water from the study area before utilization by the populace.},
 year = {2020}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Heavy Metals in Keana Salt Lake and Some Sources of Drinking Water Within the Keana Salt Lake Community, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
AU  - Sule Philip Ivoms Ogah
Y1  - 2020/05/14
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.13
T2  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
JO  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
SP  - 56
EP  - 59
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-8053
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.13
AB  - Utilization of Salt Lake may portend risk in terms of environmental and human health. The study aimed at analyzing for selected metallic ions in Keana Salt Lake and sources of drinking water in Keana Salt Lake Community, so as to identify and determine the amount of heavy metals in comparison with WHO (World Health Organization) permissible limits. Heavy metals analyzed in the study includes Lead (mg/L), Cadmium (mg/L), Copper (mg/L), Iron (mg/L), Nickel (mg/L), Manganese (mg/L), Aluminum (mg/L), Zinc (mg/L), Cobalt (mg/L), Arsenic (mg/L) and Chromium (mg/L). Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) was used to analyze five samples collected in triplicates from well water (WW), Salt Lake water (SLW) Filtrate from salt lake water (FSLW), non-motorized borehole (BH1) and motorized borehole (BH2) located within Keana community, Nasarawa state, Nigeria. Study findings indicate that while Cobalt was not detected in any of the water samples, mean concentration values for Zinc, Copper and Alumunium were within permissible limits set by WHO. Furthermore, mean concentration values for Manganese, Chromium, Iron, Nickel, Cadmium, Lead and Arsenic exceeded WHO permissible limits. Mean concentration levels of some heavy metals analyzed in the study shows that utilizing water in the study area may be hazardous to environmental health. The study recommends regular treatment of water from the study area before utilization by the populace.
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download