Early Germination, Growth and Establishment of Khaya senegalensis (DESR.) A. Juss in Middle-Belt Zone of Nigeria
Zaccheus Tunde Egbewole,
Odunayo James Rotowa,
Emmanuel Dauda Kuje,
Oluwasola Abiodun Ogundana,
Hassan Haladu Mairafi,
Ibrahim Yohanna
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2018
Pages:
75-82
Received:
18 July 2018
Accepted:
29 August 2018
Published:
19 November 2018
Abstract: A study was carried out to investigate the early growth and establishment of Khaya senegalensis in three different locations (Markurdi, Benue State, Lafia, Nasarawa state and Kwali, Abuja) within the middle belt zone of Nigeria in October 2014 with the aim to mass raising mahogany at economic scale. The study was carried out at the Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Ecotourism Nursery, Nasarawa State University Keffi, Shabu- Lafia Campus. The seeds were separately broadcasted on three different nursery beds and watered effectively. The parameter assessed include Plant height, Leaf count, Leave area and Collar girth. Data was analyzed using Analysis of variance and significant mean differences were separated at p>0.05. The results of parameter assessed on the basis of locations shows that seedlings from Makurdi had the highest mean height of 5.33±2.96cm at 14 weeks after transplanting, closely followed by seedling from Kwali with mean height of 5.33±2.43cm while seedling from Lafia had the least mean height of 5.29±2.46cm. The result of leave count revealed that seedling from Lafia had the highest leave count of 5.28±2.84 followed by Kwali with 5.25±3.00 while leave count of seedlings from Makurdi had the least leave count of 5.18±3.0. The result of growth variables revealed that, Khaya senegalensis saplings intercropped with cassava at Agroforestry plantation Plot had attained 2.415±0.45m average height, 11.12±3.5cm basal girth, 3.95±1.43cm dbh, leaf count of 151.37±18.84 within a period of 36months of planting on the field. The ANOVA result shows that there was significant difference in the leave count, leave length, collar girth and plant height from the three locations at p>0.05, result of correlation analysis revealed that there was a significant correlation between leaf count and plant height (0.78**), collar girth and leaf count (0.67**). While the result of the regression analysis on the effects of growth variables on plant height had coefficient of R2 = 0.67, meaning that the assessed growth variables had about 67.4% effects on plant height of Khaya senegalensis seeds collected from different locations. The study reveals that seeds from different source demonstrated different growth performance, as it was observed that seeds obtained from Lafia performed better than the other two locations and as a result recommended for mass raising of Khaya senegalens within the middle-belt zone of Nigeria.
Abstract: A study was carried out to investigate the early growth and establishment of Khaya senegalensis in three different locations (Markurdi, Benue State, Lafia, Nasarawa state and Kwali, Abuja) within the middle belt zone of Nigeria in October 2014 with the aim to mass raising mahogany at economic scale. The study was carried out at the Department of Fo...
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Study of Flow and Heat Transfer Performance in Different Detached Cooling Modules
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2018
Pages:
83-91
Received:
31 July 2018
Accepted:
13 August 2018
Published:
20 December 2018
Abstract: Numerical and experimental studies were conducted to investigate the flow and heat transfer performance in different detached cooling modules with multiple types of heat exchangers, considering the typical dual heat exchangers in construction machinery cooling modules as examples. The porous media model was used to simulate the heat exchangers, and the multiple reference frame method was used to simulate fan performance. A numerical simulated model of vehicular cooling module was established and verified by experiment. On the basis of it, the numerical study of vehicular detached cooling modules was carried on. First, the detached cooling modules with serial structure were sat up, the influence of position and quantity of air intakes to cooling performance was studied. Then the detached cooling modules with non-serial structure were established, the influence of the position between heat exchangers (HEs) and fan was taken into account. The analysis showed that when the detached cooling modules were arranged in a tandem structure, the number of cooling air inlets was not effective for the performance improvement. When the same heat exchangers and fan were reconstructed in a non-series configuration, the performance improvement was significantly for the heat exchangers were relatively independent and wouldn’t interfere with each other. However, the requirements for the installation space were also severer. What’s more, the relative position between the heat exchangers also had an obvious influence on its performance. The dual heat exchanger non-series structure detached cooling module scheme had more advantages in performance than that in the single heat exchanger scheme or the tandem scheme, and had a higher cooling efficiency. Comparing to tandem cooling module, the detached cooling module can achieve the same heat dissipation at a lower fan speed, reduce the fan power consumption, and can achieve precise cooling on the basis of the controllable blinds installed at the heat exchanger inlet.
Abstract: Numerical and experimental studies were conducted to investigate the flow and heat transfer performance in different detached cooling modules with multiple types of heat exchangers, considering the typical dual heat exchangers in construction machinery cooling modules as examples. The porous media model was used to simulate the heat exchangers, and...
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