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Structural Violence and Maternal Health Care in sub-Saharan Africa: A Theoretical Perspective
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, August 2022
Pages:
194-200
Received:
30 May 2022
Accepted:
20 June 2022
Published:
5 July 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ss.20221104.11
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Abstract: This paper is intended to contribute to the debate about the influence of the social structure on maternal healthcare in sub-Saharan Africa in view of the increased interest to consider broader social determinants of health in social, medical, and public health research. The concept of structural violence was deployed as an overarching framework that conceptualize aspects of the social structure which may prevent individual women from realizing their maternal health needs in terms of utilization of maternal healthcare services. The paper argues that gender norms, human rights violations and globalization may be regarded as such, and collectively, they may bolster in-adequate maternal healthcare utilization. The gender division of labor in most sub-Saharan African societies is such that women are assigned maternal and childbirth roles often without adequate accompanying resources to fulfil those roles. This phenomenon, coupled with pervasive violations of both civil and socio-economic rights as well as a stratified global economic and social system may be detrimental to maternal healthcare. It is critical though, that further research uses a holistic approach that does not only focus on the influence of structural violence on individual outcomes but also how individual capabilities can be harnessed to circumvent the influence of structural violence.
Abstract: This paper is intended to contribute to the debate about the influence of the social structure on maternal healthcare in sub-Saharan Africa in view of the increased interest to consider broader social determinants of health in social, medical, and public health research. The concept of structural violence was deployed as an overarching framework th...
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Psychosocial Aspects of Risk-Taking Practices of Street Sweepers in the Town of Korhogo
Taiba Germaine Ainyakou,
Alice Namodé Dosso Epse Binaté,
Coulibaly Tcheregnimin Bintou
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, August 2022
Pages:
201-207
Received:
18 July 2022
Accepted:
4 August 2022
Published:
12 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ss.20221104.12
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Abstract: This study focuses on the social logic linked to the psycho-social aspects of the risk-taking practices of street sweepers in the city of Korhogo. To do so, it relied on a qualitative study of a sample of 35 street sweepers and 5 institutional actors. The results of this study showed that the practices of these women expose them to several diseases insofar as they do not use the protective measures recommended to them. Training appears to be overhauled as it is the old ones who train the new ones in the field. Others recognize the consequences of street sweeping, particularly malaria, meningitis and dermatitis, while some are unaware of it. Moreover, their precarious situation keeps them in a relationship of dependence and in the practice of begging. These attitudes expose them to the poor image that users have of them and to low self-esteem. The working hypothesis states that the practices of the sweepers have an impact on their physical health as much as on their psychological and/or mental health. They can lead them to deviate into reprehensible acts such as begging, thting (risks, altercations), and others. According to the victimological theory of R. Cario, 2015, it would be fair for these sanitation workers to see their work recognized and valued. Better working conditions and better treatment alone will help to destroy the negative image that they and others have of them.
Abstract: This study focuses on the social logic linked to the psycho-social aspects of the risk-taking practices of street sweepers in the city of Korhogo. To do so, it relied on a qualitative study of a sample of 35 street sweepers and 5 institutional actors. The results of this study showed that the practices of these women expose them to several diseases...
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Trends in the Study of the Organizational Socialization of Employees in the Employment Relationship: Theoretical Framework and Research Perspectives
Aboubakar Roukatou,
Zamba Guidkaya
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, August 2022
Pages:
208-219
Received:
26 July 2022
Accepted:
12 August 2022
Published:
24 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ss.20221104.13
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Abstract: This article aims to better understand the concept of organizational socialization of employees, a concept that has been largely integrated in the majority of work in recent years relating to the attitudes and behaviors of individuals in the employment relationship. Emerging from the different debates between several fields of investigation including sociology, psychology and, in a related perspective, social psychology, organizational socialization is a fundamental concept that attempts to reconcile the company (its values, its structure) and the employee with its own characteristics, its personal identity. Indeed, organizational socialization theories seek more precisely to understand the behaviors by which individuals manage to link individual variables (the personal identity that distinguishes them from their organizational environment) and situational variables (the organizational identity to which they must conform to belong to a professional family). In this research, we identify four major trends in the literature on organizational socialization. A first approach includes organizational socialization as a sequential process within a role transition process. A second cognitive approach studies organizational socialization through a process of attribution of meaning. The third, so-called proactive approach, considers man as his own actor in his socialization with the organization. The last approach, called interactionist, studies the success of the individual’s adjustment to the organization through a balance between the way that the individual responds to the reality of his or her organizational life and the context in which the company evolves. A contextual approach to alluding to the latter is also discussed. Finally, we propose a multi-criteria model for the study of organizational socialization to facilitate understanding of this concept and discuss future research perspectives.
Abstract: This article aims to better understand the concept of organizational socialization of employees, a concept that has been largely integrated in the majority of work in recent years relating to the attitudes and behaviors of individuals in the employment relationship. Emerging from the different debates between several fields of investigation includi...
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The Use of Narrative Analysis of a Children's Book for Studying the Subjective Picture of the Author's World
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, August 2022
Pages:
220-225
Received:
16 February 2022
Accepted:
18 August 2022
Published:
29 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ss.20221104.14
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Abstract: This article studies the metaphorical narrative of “Adventures of Wind, Cloudette and Plumelet” by T. Pavlyuk; the metaphors of the futility of efforts (rains in the desert) and helplessness (passivity) are identified through the narrative analysis. The scheme of structuring the experience of the narrative’s author by J. Bruner is used, namely, landscape of action and landscape of consciousness (agent, action, setting, instrument, goal, trouble). The characters of the hero and the characters of the narrative are placed in conformity with the Existential coordinate space between the axes “I” – “Other” and “Pleasant” – “Meaningful”. It is concluded that unity prevails over individualization in the landscape of consciousness, which indicates the need for support and involvement of the author of the text. The ego state of the Rebellious Child was most clearly manifested in Plumelet – the image of the main character of this narrative. Thus, T. Pavlyuk's metaphorical narrative focuses on the existential dimensions of "Pleasantly" and "I" in describing the behavior of the protagonist. The existential dimensions of "Meaningful" and "Other" characterize the Wind. This may be a sign of intrapersonal conflict or depersonalization as a rejection of oneself and one's own desires in favor of something or for the benefit of others. This conclusion is based on the metaphorical correlation between the author and the hero of the work − a Plumelet who does not have a home, parents and the ability to move independently, but who likes to travel with the help of the Wind and other characters.
Abstract: This article studies the metaphorical narrative of “Adventures of Wind, Cloudette and Plumelet” by T. Pavlyuk; the metaphors of the futility of efforts (rains in the desert) and helplessness (passivity) are identified through the narrative analysis. The scheme of structuring the experience of the narrative’s author by J. Bruner is used, namely, lan...
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Mali Children's Villages: Socio-Educational Environment for Socialization of Orphans
Sissoko Mamadou,
Tamara SKaya Nina Vasilvna
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, August 2022
Pages:
226-232
Received:
25 January 2022
Accepted:
15 February 2022
Published:
31 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ss.20221104.15
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Abstract: Since 2012, Mali has been going through an unprecedented security crisis. Armed terrorist groups and Tuareg separatist movements in northern Mali start a war and carry out attacks against civilian populations, symbols of the State such as the administration, the army, schools, and the judicial system. In 2017, the conflict took on a new dimension in the center of the country. It becomes an intercommunity war between the Fulani and Dogon tribes. Entire villages are destroyed. Terrorists killed more than 100,000 civilians and burned dozens of SOS villages with food and livestock during violence in the center of the country. Many people become physically or mentally disabled (military and civilian). These contribute to a dizzying increase in the number of orphans in orphanages and SOS Children's Villages in Mali. Such a situation makes it difficult to provide social and educational support in the children's villages. The objective of the article is to describe the social and educational environment in which the orphans of the children's villages of Mali are socialized. To carry out this study, we set ourselves the following objectives: to determine the problem; observe the organizational and pedagogical device in place, the socio-educational activities implemented in the process of socialization of orphans in these institutions. At the end of this research, we determined the organizational and educational system set up in the SOS children's villages in Mali.
Abstract: Since 2012, Mali has been going through an unprecedented security crisis. Armed terrorist groups and Tuareg separatist movements in northern Mali start a war and carry out attacks against civilian populations, symbols of the State such as the administration, the army, schools, and the judicial system. In 2017, the conflict took on a new dimension i...
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From the Application of Gestalt Anesthetics in Modern Design Cases to the Exploration of the Conservation and Renewal of Old Blocks
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, August 2022
Pages:
233-244
Received:
23 August 2022
Accepted:
27 August 2022
Published:
31 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ss.20221104.16
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Abstract: This thesis, on a general basis, is theoretically based on the figure-ground relation and the principle of grouping in Gestalt Anesthetics and analyzes the application of Gestalt principle in modern design. Besides, it conducts a relevant case study concerning the public space in the old blocks in Hangzhou City, Shangcheng District, Xingyuan Lane. In the meantime, this paper, guided by the humanization visual perception theory, analyzes the application of the Gestalt principle in modern design cases and introduces Gestalt psychology in a bid for further analysis. Generally speaking, this paper follows the main sequence of putting forward problems, theories, and existing relevant research, analyzing problems, and proposing according solutions. It also probes into the application of the figure-ground relation and the principle of grouping from Gestalt psychology in urban and block space. Additionally, based on detailed analysis from both macro and micro perspectives, this thesis makes targeted research on on the conservation and renewal of old blocks and builds a systematic strategy of the Gestalt Aesthetics. By doing so, this paper hopes to provide differential inspirations in terms of the conservation and renewal of old blocks.
Abstract: This thesis, on a general basis, is theoretically based on the figure-ground relation and the principle of grouping in Gestalt Anesthetics and analyzes the application of Gestalt principle in modern design. Besides, it conducts a relevant case study concerning the public space in the old blocks in Hangzhou City, Shangcheng District, Xingyuan Lane. ...
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