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Review Article
Management of Urinary Lithiasis in Children in the Urology Department of the Ignace Deen University Hospital in Conakry
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, December 2025
Pages:
107-111
Received:
27 April 2025
Accepted:
12 May 2025
Published:
4 July 2025
Abstract: Introduction: Urinary lithiasis in children is less common than in adults. Its etiologies are dominated by malformations of the urinary system and hereditary diseases. The objective of this study was to analyze the epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic particularities of urinary lithiasis in children in the urology department of the Ignace Deen University Hospital in Conakry. Methodology: This was a descriptive, retrospective, single-center study conducted over a period of 10 years, which concerned children aged 0 to 15 years, operated for urinary lithiasis in the urology department of the Ignace Deen University Hospital in Conakry. Results: Urinary lithiasis in children represented 19.2% of cases of lithiasis operated in the department. The average age of patients was 8.43 ± 5.13 years with extremes of 1 and 15 years. The male predominance was very marked with a sex ratio of 9.3. Dysuria was the most frequent symptom in 90.3% of cases. The stones were mainly located in the lower urinary tract (64.5%) with a predominance of the bladder location. All our patients had benefited from open surgical treatment. The postoperative course was favorable in 51 cases (82.3%), against 11 cases of postoperative complications (17.7%). The average hospital stay was 11.8 ± 4.9 days with extremes of 6 and 32 days. Conclusion: Urinary lithiasis in children represents a significant part of the department's activity. Lower urinary tract lithiasis is the most frequent in our context. Ultrasound and urinary tract without preparation occupy an important place in the diagnostic assessment. Minimally invasive treatment methods for childhood stones remain unavailable in the department.
Abstract: Introduction: Urinary lithiasis in children is less common than in adults. Its etiologies are dominated by malformations of the urinary system and hereditary diseases. The objective of this study was to analyze the epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic particularities of urinary lithiasis in children in the urology department of the Ignace De...
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Research Article
Endoscopic Surgery from Single Urologic Centre: One Year Experience in Cystoscopy and Monopolar Transurethral Resection of the Prostate
Jack Ovunda Omodu
,
Rex Friday Ogoronte Alderton Ijah*,
Chizenum Victor Omodu
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, December 2025
Pages:
112-119
Received:
23 July 2025
Accepted:
7 August 2025
Published:
21 August 2025
Abstract: Background: Prostate research interest has long arisen due to its hormone dependence, remarkable secretions and potential for neoplasia. This study evaluated monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate done for benign prostate enlargement at a private urologic centre in Port Harcourt. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational (descriptive) study was carried out among patients who had cystoscopy and monopolar transurethral resection (TURP) of the prostate for benign prostate enlargement at the study centre from January 2024 to December 2024. The data obtained was entered into excel spreadsheet and formed into tables and graph. Results: Eighty-seven transurethral resections of the prostate were carried out. The ages of patients ranged from 50-93 years, and the mean was 72.6 years. The mean duration of surgery was 57.34 minutes, and ranged from 50 and 79 minutes for 49 (56.3%) patients. The mean prostate weight was 80.02 grams, with a broad range of 40 to 159 grams. The weight of resected specimen ranged from 20 to 123 grams, and the mean was 53.4 grams. The mean duration of hospital stay was 3.22 days, and had a range of 2 to 4 days in 95.4% of the patients. There was a complication-free rate of 94.3% (n = 82), urinary incontinence in 2.3% (n =2), and clot retention in 1.1% (n = 1). Conclusion: The mean weight of resected specimen was almost twice the size of an average normal adult prostate. The procedure was completed in less than an hour in most patients, and they were discharged with 2-4 days without complications.
Abstract: Background: Prostate research interest has long arisen due to its hormone dependence, remarkable secretions and potential for neoplasia. This study evaluated monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate done for benign prostate enlargement at a private urologic centre in Port Harcourt. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational (descri...
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Review Article
Erectile Dysfunction and Benign Prostatic Enlargement: A Tale of Two Sisters
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, December 2025
Pages:
120-129
Received:
28 July 2025
Accepted:
7 August 2025
Published:
21 August 2025
Abstract: Erectile dysfunction (ED) refers to the persistent inability to achieve and maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory intercourse. Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) are caused by benign prostatic enlargement which is a noncancerous increase in size of prostate gland. Age and LUTS are important correlates of ED in many population based studies. Epidemiological evidence provides a clear association between ED and symptomatic BPE in aging men worldwide. In the Cologne Male Survey of approximately 5000 German men aged 30 to 80 years; the prevalence of LUTS was 72% in men with ED versus 38% in those without ED. Another clinic-based population study in Western countries showed that the prevalence of ED in patients with LUTS ranged from 41%-71% and this was statistically significant (p<0.05). The aim of this review is to establish the pathophysiological link between ED and BPE and further emphasize on the need to look out for both conditions in a holistic manner. Current evidence suggests that several common pathogenetic mechanism are involved in the development of both ED and symptomatic BPE. These mechanism includes alteration of the nitric oxide and cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway, enhancement of RhoA-Rho-Kinase (ROCK) signaling, autonomic hyperactivity, pelvic atherosclerosis and chronic inflammation and sex steroid ratio imbalance. Many evidenced based studies has observed a clear link between ED and BPE with predictable aetiopathogenetic mechanisms and advised that patients presenting with one of these conditions should be routinely screened for the other condition in other to ensure a holistic evaluation with appreciable improvement with quality of life (QoL). Erectile dysfunction and benign prostatic enlargement have an obvious relationship due to the common pathophysiological mechanisms. BPE may be an indicator of ED and patients should be evaluated holistically due to the high prevalence of ED in men with symptomatic BPE and positive correlation between both pathologies observed in several studies.
Abstract: Erectile dysfunction (ED) refers to the persistent inability to achieve and maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory intercourse. Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) are caused by benign prostatic enlargement which is a noncancerous increase in size of prostate gland. Age and LUTS are important correlates of ED in many population based stud...
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Research Article
Uncommon Scrotal Trauma: Insights from Four Distinct Cases and Review of the Literature
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, December 2025
Pages:
130-136
Received:
22 August 2025
Accepted:
4 September 2025
Published:
25 September 2025
Abstract: Background: Scrotal trauma represents a rare but serious urological emergency with potential consequences on fertility, endocrine function, and overall quality of life. Atypical cases such as self-mutilation, human bites, animal horn injuries, or war-related wounds pose significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Methods: We report four unusual cases of scrotal trauma managed in a university teaching hospital. Clinical, surgical, therapeutic, and follow-up data were retrospectively analyzed. A targeted literature review was conducted to support the discussion on multidisciplinary management strategies. Results: The first case involved bilateral testicular self-amputation in a patient with paranoid schizophrenia, treated with surgical debridement, hemostatic ligation, testosterone replacement therapy, and psychiatric follow-up. The second case described a bull horn injury in a teenage cattle breeder, presenting with grade III left scrotal trauma (AAST), managed surgically. The third case involved bilateral scrotal human bite injuries sustained during a school altercation, treated with wound closure, antibiotic prophylaxis, serological monitoring, and medico-legal documentation. The fourth case concerned a soldier injured by an improvised explosive device (IED), presenting with extensive penoscrotal tissue loss and left testicular destruction, managed by damage control surgery and followed by andrological, orthopedic, and psychological care. Conclusion: Atypical scrotal trauma requires prompt, individualized, and multidisciplinary diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Early surgical exploration, tailored psychological support, and specific risk prevention measures are essential to optimize both functional and psychosexual outcomes in these patients.
Abstract: Background: Scrotal trauma represents a rare but serious urological emergency with potential consequences on fertility, endocrine function, and overall quality of life. Atypical cases such as self-mutilation, human bites, animal horn injuries, or war-related wounds pose significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Methods: We report four unus...
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Case Report
Hydrocolpos Complicated by Chronic Urine Retention. A Case Report and Current Literature Review
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, December 2025
Pages:
137-140
Received:
23 August 2025
Accepted:
4 September 2025
Published:
25 September 2025
Abstract: Hydrocolpos is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by a fluid-filled distension of the vagina, resulting from the retention of cervical and vaginal secretions behind a vaginal obstruction. An imperforate hymen is the most common etiology. Diagnosis can be made prenatally or at birth. It can present with lower urinary tract symptoms due to an anterior mass effect on the bladder. Early treatment is necessary to prevent the mechanical and infectious complications associated with chronic infravesical obstruction. Treatment is surgical, and several techniques have been described, some aiming to preserve the hymenal architecture to address sociocultural considerations, although scientifically, hymenal integrity is not an indicator of virginity. We report a case of hydrocolpos due to an imperforate hymen, diagnosed late in a 5-year-old girl and complicated by chronic urinary retention. She was successfully treated with hymenoplasty preserving the hymenal architecture. The postoperative course was uneventful, with a return to normal micturition.
Abstract: Hydrocolpos is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by a fluid-filled distension of the vagina, resulting from the retention of cervical and vaginal secretions behind a vaginal obstruction. An imperforate hymen is the most common etiology. Diagnosis can be made prenatally or at birth. It can present with lower urinary tract symptoms due to an an...
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Review Article
A Systematic Review of Kidney Stones in West and North Africa: Comparing the Epidemiological Profile and Therapeutic Strategies in Burkina Faso and Morocco
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, December 2025
Pages:
141-146
Received:
10 September 2025
Accepted:
20 September 2025
Published:
27 October 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijcu.20250902.16
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Abstract: Purpose: This systematic review aims to compare the epidemiological profile and therapeutic modalities of kidney stones between Morocco (MAR) and Burkina Faso (BF). Methods: We conducted a systematic review based on a structured search of literature published between 2004 and 2023 in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and African Journals Online (AJOL), as well as manual searches of relevant urology journals. The included studies focused on the epidemiology and management of kidney stones in both countries. Data were extracted and synthesized qualitatively. The quality of included studies was assessed using appropriate tools for observational studies. Data collected included prevalence, patient profiles, and the therapeutic techniques used. Results: Analysis of hospital prevalence data from included studies showed rates of was 25.36% in Morocco and 12.52% in Burkina Faso. In both countries, the renal location was predominant (>80%), mainly affecting young adults (median age 35–40 years). Male predominance was observed (sex ratio 1.9 in Burkina Faso and 1.27 in Morocco). Calcium oxalate was the main stone component. Morocco favored minimally invasive techniques, especially percutaneous nephrolithotomy and flexible ureteroscopy. In contrast, open surgery was used in over 90% of cases in Burkina Faso. Conclusion: Renal lithiasis is increasing similarly in both Morocco and Burkina Faso, in line with the westernization of lifestyles. However, significant disparities persist in access to modern therapeutic modalities. The technological gap in therapeutic management highlights the need to strengthen South-South cooperation to improve access to minimally invasive techniques in West Africa.
Abstract: Purpose: This systematic review aims to compare the epidemiological profile and therapeutic modalities of kidney stones between Morocco (MAR) and Burkina Faso (BF). Methods: We conducted a systematic review based on a structured search of literature published between 2004 and 2023 in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and African Journals Online (AJ...
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Research Article
Epidemiological and Diagnostic Aspects of Bladder Tumours in the Urology Department of a Tertiary Care Center in Burkina Faso: A 3-Year Retrospective Analysis
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, December 2025
Pages:
147-153
Received:
10 September 2025
Accepted:
20 September 2025
Published:
27 October 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijcu.20250902.17
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Abstract: Background: Bladder tumours are a public health problem in Burkina Faso, where they are the second most common urological pathology after prostate cancer. Urinary bilharziasis is a major risk factor in this region. The aim of this study is to analyse the epidemiological and diagnostic characteristics of bladder tumours in the urology department of our Hospital in Burkina Faso. Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted over 3 years (2022-2024) in the urology department. Epidemiological and diagnostic data from 130 patients with bladder tumours were collected and analysed. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, with results presented as frequencies, percentages, and means. Results: The mean age of the patients was 57.55 years. The main risk factors identified were bilharziasis (61.53%) and smoking (26.15%). Haematuria (62.3%) was the main reason for consultation. Histology revealed a predominance of squamous cell carcinomas (79.23%). There was also a significant proportion of urothelial carcinomas (20.77%). The majority of tumours (80%) were diagnosed at an advanced stage. Conclusion: This study highlights the major role played by bilharzia in bladder carcinogenesis in Burkina Faso. Early detection and increased awareness are essential to improve management and reduce the morbidity associated with bladder tumours. The findings underscore the urgent need for strengthened bilharziasis control programs and the implementation of early diagnostic strategies in similar resource-limited, endemic settings.
Abstract: Background: Bladder tumours are a public health problem in Burkina Faso, where they are the second most common urological pathology after prostate cancer. Urinary bilharziasis is a major risk factor in this region. The aim of this study is to analyse the epidemiological and diagnostic characteristics of bladder tumours in the urology department of ...
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Case Report
Urethral Polyp in a 21-Year-Old Young Woman: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, December 2025
Pages:
154-157
Received:
16 September 2025
Accepted:
25 September 2025
Published:
27 October 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijcu.20250902.18
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Abstract: Urethral polyps represent a rare cause of lower urinary tract obstruction, documented primarily in pediatrics and more specifically in boys during the first decade of life. We report the case of a 21-year-old patient with no significant past medical history, presenting with a vulvar mass showing progressive enlargement associated with dysuria and mechanical pain, evolving since the age of 10. Clinical examination revealed a 1.5 cm pedunculated, erythematous, and tender mass protruding from the urethral meatus. Cystoscopy confirmed a bleeding-upon-contact polyp implanted on the posterior wall of the meatus, adjacent to healthy bladder mucosa. Complete surgical excision with a surgical bade no 11 was performed under spinal anesthesia, followed by cauterization and urethral catheterization for 48 hours. Histopathological analysis concluded a benign fibro-epithelial polyp without atypia or signs of malignancy. The immediate and six-month postoperative outcomes were excellent, with complete resolution of symptoms. This case, exceptional due to the patient's age and long clinical history, contrasts with available large pediatric series and the few reported female pediatric cases. It underscores the necessity of considering this diagnosis even in young adult women presenting with any urethral mass and confirms the curative effectiveness of simple and complete surgical excision for this benign but potentially debilitating pathology.
Abstract: Urethral polyps represent a rare cause of lower urinary tract obstruction, documented primarily in pediatrics and more specifically in boys during the first decade of life. We report the case of a 21-year-old patient with no significant past medical history, presenting with a vulvar mass showing progressive enlargement associated with dysuria and m...
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Research Article
Male Infertility in Burkina Faso: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Sociocultural Determinants of Delayed Andrological Consultation
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, December 2025
Pages:
158-162
Received:
17 September 2025
Accepted:
26 September 2025
Published:
27 October 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijcu.20250902.19
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Abstract: Introduction: Male infertility remains a neglected public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa, characterized by significant diagnostic delays due to sociocultural and economic barriers. This study aims to analyze the epidemiological, clinical, and paraclinical profiles of male infertility and to identify factors contributing to delayed consultation at the Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital (CHU-YO). Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2021 to September 2023, including 111 men evaluated for infertility. Data were collected retrospectively from medical records and supplemented by structured interviews. Statistical analyses were performed using EPI Info 7.2. Results: The hospital prevalence of male infertility was 5.39%. The mean age was 35.87 years; 41.44% were civil servants and 29.73% had no formal education. The mean consultation delay was 50 months. Oligospermia (45%) and azoospermia (32%) were the most frequent sperm abnormalities. A varicocele was detected in 48.65% of patients. The main factors for delay included financial constraints (65.52%), initial consultations with non-specialists (61.25%), and cultural beliefs attributing infertility to women (24.14%). Conclusion: Male infertility in Burkina Faso is associated with significant diagnostic delays influenced by socioeconomic and cultural factors. A multisectoral approach - combining public health, anthropology, and social policies - is essential to improve access to andrological care in resource-limited countries.
Abstract: Introduction: Male infertility remains a neglected public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa, characterized by significant diagnostic delays due to sociocultural and economic barriers. This study aims to analyze the epidemiological, clinical, and paraclinical profiles of male infertility and to identify factors contributing to delayed consultatio...
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