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Efficacy of Specially Formulated Combination Three Probiotic Strains with Vitamin D3 and Zn in Children with Atopic Dermatitis
Ivana Filipovic,
Olivera Ostojic,
Vesna Vekovic,
Sladjana Mihajlovic,
Marco Caminati,
Zorica Zivkovic
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
186-192
Received:
5 September 2023
Accepted:
25 September 2023
Published:
8 October 2023
Abstract: Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory, pruritic and relapsing skin disease, frequently originated in infants and young children. The objective of our study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and quality of life in children with AD who were treated with mixture of 3 x 109 CFU of 3 probiotic strains Lactobacillus Casei BL 2401, Lactobacillus Salivarius BL 2201, Bifidobacterium Breve BL 3406 in combination with 7mg Zinc in Hypro-ri form for better resorption and 1200 IJ Vitamin D3, once per day for 3 months. Method: This prospective case control study was conducted in the University Hospital “Dr Dragiša Mišović”, Belgrade, Serbia, Hospital for Children’s Hospital for Lung diseases and Tb. The study enrolled 150 patients with AD aged between 3 and 17 years. 75 participants received the treatment: mixture of 3 x 109 CFU of 3 probiotic strains Lactobacillus Casei BL 2401, Lactobacillus Salivarius BL 2201, Bifidobacterium Breve BL 3406 in combination with 7mg Zinc in Hypro-ri form for better resorption and 1200 IJ Vitamin D3, once per day for 3 months as an add-on to standard AD treatment and 75 of them were treated according to standard protocols for AD. Results: There is a statistically significant difference in SCORAD value before and after the treatment between the groups. Discussion: Our study was the first that assess the efficacy of a mixture of 3 x 109 CFU probiotic strains Lactobacillus Casei BL 2401, Lactobacillus Salivarius BL 2201, Bifidobacterium Breve BL 3406 in combination with 7mg Zinc in Hypro-ri® form for better resorption and 1200 IJ Vitamin D3 in children with atopic dermatitis. Our study confirmed that regular treatment with this specific probiotic mixture significantly decreased pruritus and sleep problems and improved quality of life in highly atopic children with severe atopic dermatitis.
Abstract: Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory, pruritic and relapsing skin disease, frequently originated in infants and young children. The objective of our study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and quality of life in children with AD who were treated with mixture of 3 x 109 CFU of 3 probiotic strains Lactobacillus Casei BL ...
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The Beneficial Role of Probiotics in the Maintenance of Immunologic Equilibrium for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Infancy
Manirul Haque Tarafder,
Mofizul Islam,
Mst Tanjila Momotaj,
Fatema Farzana,
Prahlad Kumar Shil,
Manjira Rahman Dita,
Abu Saleh Mohammad Selim
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
193-203
Received:
9 September 2023
Accepted:
27 September 2023
Published:
14 October 2023
Abstract: In the human colon commensal bacteria and immune cells interact regularly in a stable environment to keep the immune system functioning normally. The balance between immunological tolerance and immunogenicity is maintained by a complex network of pathways that are dependent on immune system-microbiota cross-talk. To modify certain immune activities and immunological homeostasis, probiotic bacteria can interact with and stimulate intestinal immune cells as well as commensal microflora. Probiotic microorganisms have crucial immunomodulatory and health-promoting characteristics, according to growing research. Therefore, using probiotics might be a worthwhile strategy for enhancing immune system functions. Few research has been published so far on the probiotics' favorable immune-modulating effects. However, a great deal more has been published that are primarily concerned with their nutritional and metabolic characteristics. As a result, the processes underlying the interaction between probiotics and host immune cells have only been partially explained. In order to better understand how probiotic bacteria and immune cells interact to enhance immune functions, the current review attempts to compile and describe the most recent research findings and their implications. As a result, a description of the probiotic bacteria's currently understood immunomodulatory processes for enhancing the human immune system is given.
Abstract: In the human colon commensal bacteria and immune cells interact regularly in a stable environment to keep the immune system functioning normally. The balance between immunological tolerance and immunogenicity is maintained by a complex network of pathways that are dependent on immune system-microbiota cross-talk. To modify certain immune activities...
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Human Milk Oligosaccharides and Development of Gut Microbiota with Immune System in Newborn Infants
Sanat Kumar Barua,
Jagadish Chandra Das,
Mohammad Maruf-UL-Quader,
Zabeen Chowdhury,
Salina Haque,
Muhammad Jabed Bin Amin Chowdhury,
Aparup Kanti Das,
Dhiman Chowdhury
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
204-209
Received:
11 September 2023
Accepted:
28 September 2023
Published:
14 October 2023
Abstract: Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) constitute a significant and intriguing component of human milk, ranking as the third most abundant solid constituent following lactose and lipids. Meanwhile, gut microbiota encompasses an array of microorganisms, spanning bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses, residing within the digestive tract. The intricate interplay among human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), gut microbiota, and the immune system holds substantial implications for the initial developmental stages of newborns. This comprehensive review aimed to delve into the multifaceted role of HMOs in molding gut microbiota and their profound contribution to the maturation of the immune system in neonates. By conducting a meticulous systematic review of pertinent literature, this study explored the intricate interrelationships among HMOs, gut microbiota, and the immune system in newborn infants. The review analyzed a substantial corpus of recently published original research articles and comprehensive review papers. Google Scholar, PubMed, and SCOPUS served as robust and dependable sources for data acquisition. Besides these, some other reliable sources were also used. Through this article, readers will acquire a lucid comprehension of HMOs' pivotal role in shaping gut microbiota dynamics and fostering immune system maturation in neonates. The insights garnered from these interactions hold the promise of steering interventions geared toward optimizing neonatal health outcomes. Nonetheless, further research is imperative to unveil specific underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic avenues.
Abstract: Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) constitute a significant and intriguing component of human milk, ranking as the third most abundant solid constituent following lactose and lipids. Meanwhile, gut microbiota encompasses an array of microorganisms, spanning bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses, residing within the digestive tract. The intricate in...
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Research Article
Bowel Perforation in Preterm: Predictive Power of Bell Classification and Clinical Features
Melanie Kapapa*,
Janina Hahne,
Alexandre Serra
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
210-216
Received:
2 October 2023
Accepted:
17 October 2023
Published:
11 November 2023
Abstract: Objective: To evaluate outcome and survival rate we focused on the severity of necrotizing enterocolitis without (NEC) or with perforation (NECp) and spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) and their influence on clinical deterioration and surgical complications. Methods: Aim was to compare the clinical features, radiographic findings and outcome of SIP, NEC and NECp. Focus was on a potential risk profile and 76 preterm were included. Results: Symptoms started earlier in SIP (p < 0.001). Systemic signs were led by body temperature instability (p = 0.014), hypotension (p = 0.022), manifested sepsis (p = 0.011), septic shock (p = 0,010) and disseminated intravascular coagulation (p = 0.021). The Bell classification was suitable for staging NEC (p < 0.001) and indication for laparotomy (p < 0.001), but postinterventional 17% has to be upgraded to stage IIIb (p < 0.001). Abdominal distension (p = 0.003) and -resistance (p = 0.033) were significantly more often found in NEC, while bloody stool (p = 0.035), oedematous abdominal wall (p = 0.044) and abdominal skin discoloration (p < 0.001) were typical for NECp or SIP, like an abdominal wall erythema (p = 0.049) for NECp. Radiographically signs like pneumatizes intestinalis (p < 0.001), bowel dilatation (p = 0.012) and thickened intestinal walls (p < 0.001) were less present in SIP, contrary to a pneumoperitoneum (p < 0.001), but survival rate did not differ. Conclusion: BELL classification is suitable for assigning NEC, but the degree of severity was underestimated in 17% of preterm. Focus should be on sick preterm with a coagulation disorder/ DIC, after resuscitation, glucose utilization disorder, septic shock or manifested sepsis. Intubation or high frequency ventilation were additionally risking for NECp followed by higher mortality rate.
Abstract: Objective: To evaluate outcome and survival rate we focused on the severity of necrotizing enterocolitis without (NEC) or with perforation (NECp) and spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) and their influence on clinical deterioration and surgical complications. Methods: Aim was to compare the clinical features, radiographic findings and outcome ...
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Research Article
Adolescent Health Voyage in Nigeria: Surviving the Storm Through a Primary Health Care Network with Family Physicians in the Lead
Akeem Opeyemi Akinbode*,
Sunday Bassey Udoh,
Patricia Eseigbe,
Ndifreke Ubokutom Udom
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
217-225
Received:
16 October 2023
Accepted:
31 October 2023
Published:
11 November 2023
Abstract: The adolescence is a period of transition from childhood to adulthood. Globally, adolescent population is increasing due to successes in child survival strategies especially in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs) including Nigeria. In Nigeria, adolescents constitute about 22% of the total population and it is projected to reach 28% in 2040. Despite this fact, in developing health policies and services by government, the adolescents are largely ignored. The age bracket is characterized by unhealthy risk-taking behaviors which affect their health negatively. Such behaviors may cause injuries, risk of infectious diseases including HIV/AIDS, teenage pregnancy/possible complications, and violence. The aim of this study was to examine the health services available in Nigeria for the increasing health needs for the rising adolescent population. The existing literature was reviewed, seeking to establish available network of care and support for adolescent population in Nigeria. Although the National government recognized that addressing the health needs of adolescent and young people is vital to nation’s building, the services of available service providers are poorly coordinated thus leading to poor outcomes. This review concludes that there is an urgent need for proper coordination of adolescent health- related care provider activities for better outcome. Family physicians in Nigeria through the Society of Family Physicians of Nigeria (SOFPON) should spearhead collaborative efforts with organizations working in the Adolescent Health space in order to achieve desired results.
Abstract: The adolescence is a period of transition from childhood to adulthood. Globally, adolescent population is increasing due to successes in child survival strategies especially in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs) including Nigeria. In Nigeria, adolescents constitute about 22% of the total population and it is projected to reach 28% in 2040. D...
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Research Article
Comorbidities of Autism, Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital Based Study
Razia Sultana,
Khaleda Akter,
Samsun Nahar,
Saidul Haque,
Insanul Alam,
Suma Ikram
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
226-230
Received:
2 November 2023
Accepted:
22 November 2023
Published:
18 December 2023
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajp.20230904.16
Downloads:
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Abstract: Introduction: Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder which is marked by a persistent deficit in social interaction and social communication and restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviors/ fixated interests or activities. Individuals with ASD vary in language ability, ranging from absent speech to fluent language, and in cognitive development, ranging from profound intellectual disability to above-average intellectual functioning. Individuals may also show associated medical comorbidities including epilepsy and minor physical anomalies, as well as psychiatric comorbidities, thus showing a wide clinical heterogeneity. Methodology: This study prospectively carried out in Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital, CDC, from January 2017 to December 2017. Total 224 Autism cases, 18m-16years are evaluated to find out comorbidities in addition to core features by preformed questionnaire. First of all, those baby attended in CDC (Child Development centre) with speech delay, not respond to name calling, lack of eye contact, restricted behavior or interest were screened by M-CHAT (<4 years), SCQ (4years or more). General developmental assessment (GDA) was done in all screening positive cases along with fulfilling DSM5 criteria. All data are coded and computer recorded. Results: Out of 224 children, 90% are within 2-5 years of age, male 78%, female 22%. urban 77%, rural 23%, 90% fall into middle and upper income group. Comorbidities were found in 66% cases. Psychological comorbidity is more than medical comorbidity (100% Vs 70%). Many patients have more than one comorbidities as well as both medical and psychological comorbidities. Among the co-morbidities minor behavior problem 56.1%, feeding problem20.5%, constipation19.4%, ADHD-14.5%, sleep difficulties 13.8%,, self injurious behavior 10.8%, malnutrition 9.1%, phobia 7.3%, epilepsy 4.8%, OCD-4.8%, anxiety 6.5%, diarrhoea 2.4%. Conclusion: Autism is a lifelong neurodevelopmental disorder. Its management is very much challenging. Without addressing comorbidities, management of autism remains incomplete.
Abstract: Introduction: Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder which is marked by a persistent deficit in social interaction and social communication and restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviors/ fixated interests or activities. Individuals with ASD vary in language ability, ranging from absent speech to fluent language, and in cognitive development, ra...
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Case Report
A Case of Severe Necrotizing Enterocolitis with High-Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation-Assisted Breathing Anesthesia Experience Sharing
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
231-234
Received:
24 November 2023
Accepted:
8 December 2023
Published:
18 December 2023
Abstract: We report a case of a 27-week premature infant with necrotizing enterocolitis 28 days postpartum who underwent high-frequency oscillation-assisted ventilation anesthesia during surgery. Children born after the whole body's skin is blue, spontaneous breathing is weak, with a sigh breath, limb soft, oxygen desaturation under endotracheal intubation-assisted ventilation into the NICU. On the 20th day after the birth of children, abdominal distension sign of progression, merger, NEC. 22 days after birth oxygen saturation fluctuations in 80% to 90%, blood gas analysis in children with prompt acidosis is obvious, to correct acidosis, baking soda, at the same time with PaCO2 prompt rise obviously, sputum, mechanical ventilation has been unable to maintain oxygenation, has been into high-frequency respirator assisted ventilation, respiratory frequency of 9 HZ, sputum suction, abdominal X-ray signs of intestinal obstruction, pediatric surgical consultation to laparotomy. Visit poor children to see children before anesthesia, bronze skin, through the mouth insert 3.5 endotracheal intubation mechanical assisted ventilation, abdominal plain film hint of peng of the children with abdominal significantly, abdominal veins, visible gastrointestinal type, high tension. Breathing machine Chang Pin ventilation by putting the children into the operating room, home bed immediately after connecting high-frequency ventilation, line ECG noninvasive arterial blood pressure SPO2 (onset of each one) percutaneous CO2 monitoring temperature monitoring of cerebral oxygen saturation monitoring. Intraoperative heat preservation, blood transfusion, and rehydration, sputum suction strong heart, in order to maintain stable hemodynamics and adjust the internal environment stable. The operation lasted only 38 minutes, safely back to NICU, put the patient on the evening the postoperative respiratory machine model had a high-frequency mode to Chang Pin auxiliary breathing machine, the second day postoperatively, children with open and body moving, stopped using positive inotropic drugs, continue to have a breathing machine auxiliary breath, at the same time strengthen parenteral nutrition support and anti-infection treatment, postoperative 3 months into the common ward, five months after hospital discharge. High-frequency oscillatory ventilation provides a new respiratory support method for newborns suffering from necrotizing enterocolitis, especially premature infants, and also buys valuable time for their subsequent treatment.
Abstract: We report a case of a 27-week premature infant with necrotizing enterocolitis 28 days postpartum who underwent high-frequency oscillation-assisted ventilation anesthesia during surgery. Children born after the whole body's skin is blue, spontaneous breathing is weak, with a sigh breath, limb soft, oxygen desaturation under endotracheal intubation-a...
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Case Report
Neurorehabilitation of a Pediatric Patient with Viral Encephalitis Caused by COVID-19: A Case Report
Ke-yi Chen,
Zhuo-ming Chen*,
Li-min Zhong,
Yi-qi Cao,
Gang Wang
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
235-240
Received:
29 November 2023
Accepted:
13 December 2023
Published:
26 December 2023
Abstract: Viral encephalitis affects brain function and can lead to various symptoms, including headaches, fever, behavioral changes, and seizures. It may even result in long-term neurological damage or other severe consequences. During the COVID-19 pandemic, it has been confirmed that SARS-CoV-2 can infect the brain and cause neurological damage, although the likelihood of this occurring is relatively rare. This case report discusses the treatment and recovery of a pediatric patient with viral encephalitis caused by COVID-19. A 3-year-old boy developed severe symptoms, including high fever, altered consciousness, and seizures. The child was diagnosed with viral encephalitis after testing positive for the coronavirus in a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test. He underwent brain MRI, Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), and electroencephalography (EEG) examinations, revealing certain neurological damage. During the rehabilitation therapy that included motor training, speech therapy, and sensory integration training, we found that this damage manifested as significant neurological impairments, including difficulties with sensory integration, speech, and cognitive abilities. Following the completion of these rehabilitation exercises, the child's neurological functions and social abilities improved. Therefore, in children post-COVID-19 infection, vigilance for potential impacts on the nervous system is necessary, and early intervention with rehabilitation treatment is required.
Abstract: Viral encephalitis affects brain function and can lead to various symptoms, including headaches, fever, behavioral changes, and seizures. It may even result in long-term neurological damage or other severe consequences. During the COVID-19 pandemic, it has been confirmed that SARS-CoV-2 can infect the brain and cause neurological damage, although t...
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