Analysis of Mercury Levels in Agricultural Soils and Citrus Varieties from Benue State, Nigeria

Shaapera Ugbidye; Ishaq Shaibu Eneji; Raymond Wuana; Rufus Sha’ Ato

doi:doi:10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.15

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Analysis of Mercury Levels in Agricultural Soils and Citrus Varieties from Benue State, Nigeria

Shaapera Ugbidye, Ishaq Shaibu Eneji, Raymond Wuana, Rufus Sha’ Ato

Published in Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry (Volume 8, Issue 2)

Received: 17 December 2019 Accepted: 3 February 2020 Published: 28 May 2020

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Abstract

Mercury levels in agricultural soils and three citrus varieties (Washington, Ibadan Sweet and Valencia) in seven (7) local government areas of Benue State were determined using standard techniques. The mean physico-chemical parameters of the soils ranges from: pH (5.20 – 6.10); CEC (10.5 – 12.9 cmolkg^-1); organic carbon (2.35 – 3.39%) and organic matter (6.17 – 7.37%). The mean Hg levels in the soils ranges from 20.5 – 21.2 µgkg^-1. The mean proximate parameters are: fat in Valencia (0.330%); fibre in Valencia (0.490%); moisture in Valencia (87.4%); ash in Valencia (1.80%) and carbohydrate in Ibadan sweet (17.7%). The mean Hg concentration in the citrus juice ranges from: Washington (0.770 – 6.35 µgkg^-1); Ibadan sweet (0.770 – 6.53 µgkg^-1) and in Valencia (0.770 – 5.22 µgkg^-1). The order of accumulation of Hg in the citrus varieties is Ibadan sweet > Washington > Valencia. The concentrations of Hg in the three citrus fruit juice and soil do not exceed the WHO/FAO permissible limits of 100 and 1000 µgkg^-1 for foods and agricultural soils respectively. However, continues monitoring is hereby recommended.

Published in	Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry (Volume 8, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.15
Page(s)	65-71
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Agricultural Soil, Washington, Ibadan Sweet, Valencia, CV-AAS

References

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APA Style

Shaapera Ugbidye, Ishaq Shaibu Eneji, Raymond Wuana, Rufus Sha’ Ato. (2020). Analysis of Mercury Levels in Agricultural Soils and Citrus Varieties from Benue State, Nigeria. Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 8(2), 65-71. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.15

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ACS Style

Shaapera Ugbidye; Ishaq Shaibu Eneji; Raymond Wuana; Rufus Sha’ Ato. Analysis of Mercury Levels in Agricultural Soils and Citrus Varieties from Benue State, Nigeria. Sci. J. Anal. Chem. 2020, 8(2), 65-71. doi: 10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.15

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AMA Style

Shaapera Ugbidye, Ishaq Shaibu Eneji, Raymond Wuana, Rufus Sha’ Ato. Analysis of Mercury Levels in Agricultural Soils and Citrus Varieties from Benue State, Nigeria. Sci J Anal Chem. 2020;8(2):65-71. doi: 10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.15

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@article{10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.15,
  author = {Shaapera Ugbidye and Ishaq Shaibu Eneji and Raymond Wuana and Rufus Sha’ Ato},
  title = {Analysis of Mercury Levels in Agricultural Soils and Citrus Varieties from Benue State, Nigeria},
  journal = {Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {65-71},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjac.20200802.15},
  abstract = {Mercury levels in agricultural soils and three citrus varieties (Washington, Ibadan Sweet and Valencia) in seven (7) local government areas of Benue State were determined using standard techniques. The mean physico-chemical parameters of the soils ranges from: pH (5.20 – 6.10); CEC (10.5 – 12.9 cmolkg-1); organic carbon (2.35 – 3.39%) and organic matter (6.17 – 7.37%). The mean Hg levels in the soils ranges from 20.5 – 21.2 µgkg-1. The mean proximate parameters are: fat in Valencia (0.330%); fibre in Valencia (0.490%); moisture in Valencia (87.4%); ash in Valencia (1.80%) and carbohydrate in Ibadan sweet (17.7%). The mean Hg concentration in the citrus juice ranges from: Washington (0.770 – 6.35 µgkg-1); Ibadan sweet (0.770 – 6.53 µgkg-1) and in Valencia (0.770 – 5.22 µgkg-1). The order of accumulation of Hg in the citrus varieties is Ibadan sweet > Washington > Valencia. The concentrations of Hg in the three citrus fruit juice and soil do not exceed the WHO/FAO permissible limits of 100 and 1000 µgkg-1 for foods and agricultural soils respectively. However, continues monitoring is hereby recommended.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Analysis of Mercury Levels in Agricultural Soils and Citrus Varieties from Benue State, Nigeria
AU  - Shaapera Ugbidye
AU  - Ishaq Shaibu Eneji
AU  - Raymond Wuana
AU  - Rufus Sha’ Ato
Y1  - 2020/05/28
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.15
T2  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
JO  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
SP  - 65
EP  - 71
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-8053
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.15
AB  - Mercury levels in agricultural soils and three citrus varieties (Washington, Ibadan Sweet and Valencia) in seven (7) local government areas of Benue State were determined using standard techniques. The mean physico-chemical parameters of the soils ranges from: pH (5.20 – 6.10); CEC (10.5 – 12.9 cmolkg-1); organic carbon (2.35 – 3.39%) and organic matter (6.17 – 7.37%). The mean Hg levels in the soils ranges from 20.5 – 21.2 µgkg-1. The mean proximate parameters are: fat in Valencia (0.330%); fibre in Valencia (0.490%); moisture in Valencia (87.4%); ash in Valencia (1.80%) and carbohydrate in Ibadan sweet (17.7%). The mean Hg concentration in the citrus juice ranges from: Washington (0.770 – 6.35 µgkg-1); Ibadan sweet (0.770 – 6.53 µgkg-1) and in Valencia (0.770 – 5.22 µgkg-1). The order of accumulation of Hg in the citrus varieties is Ibadan sweet > Washington > Valencia. The concentrations of Hg in the three citrus fruit juice and soil do not exceed the WHO/FAO permissible limits of 100 and 1000 µgkg-1 for foods and agricultural soils respectively. However, continues monitoring is hereby recommended.
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Shaapera Ugbidye

Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
Ishaq Shaibu Eneji

Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
Raymond Wuana

Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
Rufus Sha’ Ato

Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria

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APA Style

Shaapera Ugbidye, Ishaq Shaibu Eneji, Raymond Wuana, Rufus Sha’ Ato. (2020). Analysis of Mercury Levels in Agricultural Soils and Citrus Varieties from Benue State, Nigeria. Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 8(2), 65-71. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.15

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ACS Style

Shaapera Ugbidye; Ishaq Shaibu Eneji; Raymond Wuana; Rufus Sha’ Ato. Analysis of Mercury Levels in Agricultural Soils and Citrus Varieties from Benue State, Nigeria. Sci. J. Anal. Chem. 2020, 8(2), 65-71. doi: 10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.15

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AMA Style

Shaapera Ugbidye, Ishaq Shaibu Eneji, Raymond Wuana, Rufus Sha’ Ato. Analysis of Mercury Levels in Agricultural Soils and Citrus Varieties from Benue State, Nigeria. Sci J Anal Chem. 2020;8(2):65-71. doi: 10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.15

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@article{10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.15,
  author = {Shaapera Ugbidye and Ishaq Shaibu Eneji and Raymond Wuana and Rufus Sha’ Ato},
  title = {Analysis of Mercury Levels in Agricultural Soils and Citrus Varieties from Benue State, Nigeria},
  journal = {Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {65-71},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjac.20200802.15},
  abstract = {Mercury levels in agricultural soils and three citrus varieties (Washington, Ibadan Sweet and Valencia) in seven (7) local government areas of Benue State were determined using standard techniques. The mean physico-chemical parameters of the soils ranges from: pH (5.20 – 6.10); CEC (10.5 – 12.9 cmolkg-1); organic carbon (2.35 – 3.39%) and organic matter (6.17 – 7.37%). The mean Hg levels in the soils ranges from 20.5 – 21.2 µgkg-1. The mean proximate parameters are: fat in Valencia (0.330%); fibre in Valencia (0.490%); moisture in Valencia (87.4%); ash in Valencia (1.80%) and carbohydrate in Ibadan sweet (17.7%). The mean Hg concentration in the citrus juice ranges from: Washington (0.770 – 6.35 µgkg-1); Ibadan sweet (0.770 – 6.53 µgkg-1) and in Valencia (0.770 – 5.22 µgkg-1). The order of accumulation of Hg in the citrus varieties is Ibadan sweet > Washington > Valencia. The concentrations of Hg in the three citrus fruit juice and soil do not exceed the WHO/FAO permissible limits of 100 and 1000 µgkg-1 for foods and agricultural soils respectively. However, continues monitoring is hereby recommended.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Analysis of Mercury Levels in Agricultural Soils and Citrus Varieties from Benue State, Nigeria
AU  - Shaapera Ugbidye
AU  - Ishaq Shaibu Eneji
AU  - Raymond Wuana
AU  - Rufus Sha’ Ato
Y1  - 2020/05/28
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.15
T2  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
JF  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
JO  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
SP  - 65
EP  - 71
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-8053
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20200802.15
AB  - Mercury levels in agricultural soils and three citrus varieties (Washington, Ibadan Sweet and Valencia) in seven (7) local government areas of Benue State were determined using standard techniques. The mean physico-chemical parameters of the soils ranges from: pH (5.20 – 6.10); CEC (10.5 – 12.9 cmolkg-1); organic carbon (2.35 – 3.39%) and organic matter (6.17 – 7.37%). The mean Hg levels in the soils ranges from 20.5 – 21.2 µgkg-1. The mean proximate parameters are: fat in Valencia (0.330%); fibre in Valencia (0.490%); moisture in Valencia (87.4%); ash in Valencia (1.80%) and carbohydrate in Ibadan sweet (17.7%). The mean Hg concentration in the citrus juice ranges from: Washington (0.770 – 6.35 µgkg-1); Ibadan sweet (0.770 – 6.53 µgkg-1) and in Valencia (0.770 – 5.22 µgkg-1). The order of accumulation of Hg in the citrus varieties is Ibadan sweet > Washington > Valencia. The concentrations of Hg in the three citrus fruit juice and soil do not exceed the WHO/FAO permissible limits of 100 and 1000 µgkg-1 for foods and agricultural soils respectively. However, continues monitoring is hereby recommended.
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

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