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Effect of Genistein on Diabetic Cardiovascular Complications
Na Li,
Guomin Yang,
Ying Pan,
Yu Zhao
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
50-53
Received:
2 July 2022
Accepted:
20 July 2022
Published:
28 July 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijde.20220703.11
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Abstract: Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease caused by endocrine metabolic disorders, which has developed into a global public health problem. Currently, the number of people with diabetes has reached approximately 425 million worldwide. It is estimated that the prevalence of diabetes will increase by 48% by 2045. Genistein, a naturally occurring phytoestrogen found mainly in soybeans, is of great importance in the prevention of many diseases, including tumors and cardiovascular disease. Previous studies have shown that dietary supplementation with phytoestrogens can prevent atherosclerosis. Objective: To describe the mechanism and current status of the effect of genistein on diabetic cardiovascular complications, with the aim of improving the prognosis of patients with diabetic combined cardiovascular complications. Methods: To show the specific value of genistein in diabetic cardiovascular complications by elaborating the biochemical properties of genistein and using the interaction of genistein with vascular endothelium, platelet aggregation, lipid deposition, and inflammation as a starting point. Conclusion: The biological properties and mechanism of action of genistein can provide more references for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular complications in clinical work.
Abstract: Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease caused by endocrine metabolic disorders, which has developed into a global public health problem. Currently, the number of people with diabetes has reached approximately 425 million worldwide. It is estimated that the prevalence of diabetes will increase by 48% by 2045. Genistein, a naturally occur...
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Symptomatic Primary Hyperparathyroidism in a Woman in Remission from Breast Cancer: A Case Report from Antananarivo, Madagascar
Rija Eric Raherison,
Sitraka Angelo Raharinavalona,
Tsikinirina Valisoa Randrianomanana,
Thierry Razanamparany,
Miora Maeva Arielle Andrianiaina,
Radonirina Lazasoa Andrianasolo,
Andrianirina Dave Patrick Rakotomalala
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
54-58
Received:
7 July 2022
Accepted:
25 July 2022
Published:
4 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijde.20220703.12
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Abstract: The occurrence of hypercalcemia in a person with cancer always raises concerns about hypercalcemia of malignancy. A well-conducted diagnostic approach can rule out this possibility and find primary hyperparathyroidism, the other most common cause of hypercalcemia. Few cases of primary hyperparathyroidism have been reported in Madagascar. Our aim is to report a case of it by discussing the circumstances of discovery and its therapeutic management. We report a case of 56 years- old patient, with treated breast cancer in remission, hospitalized for symptomatic hypercalcemia at 3.14 mmol/l. Her serum intact PTH level was elevated to 270 ng/ml and images in favor of osteitis fibrosa cystica were present in the spine and pelvis. Cervical ultrasonography could not locate the pathological parathyroids. Cervico-thoracic CT scan revealed two bilateral para-esophageal parathyroid nodules which were removed by bilateral neck exploration parathyroidectomy and for which the anatomo-pathological examination was in favour of an adenoma. The postoperative course was simple. This observation illustrates that hypercalcemia in subjects with active cancer or cancer in remission is not always related to metastasis but may, indeed, be related to primary hyperparathyroidism. Its curative treatment is based on surgical removal of the pathological parathyroid(s).
Abstract: The occurrence of hypercalcemia in a person with cancer always raises concerns about hypercalcemia of malignancy. A well-conducted diagnostic approach can rule out this possibility and find primary hyperparathyroidism, the other most common cause of hypercalcemia. Few cases of primary hyperparathyroidism have been reported in Madagascar. Our aim is...
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Determining Factors of Mortality by Acute Metabolic Complications of Diabetes in the Emergency Department, Hospital of Soavinandriana, Madagascar
Sitraka Angelo Raharinavalona,
Thierry Razanamparany,
Rija Eric Raherison,
Haritsiky Robertini Ramalanjaona,
Miora Maeva Arielle Andrianiaina,
Tsikinirina Valisoa Randrianomanana,
Andrianirina Dave Patrick Rakotomalala
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
59-62
Received:
25 July 2022
Accepted:
16 August 2022
Published:
24 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijde.20220703.13
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Abstract: Introduction: Acute metabolic complications expose diabetic patients to hospital morbidity and mortality. Our study aims to describe the mortality due to these complications in the emergency department in the hospital of Soavinandriana and to determine the factors involved. Methods: This was a cross-sectional analytical study of diabetic patients admitted for acute metabolic complications in the Emergency Department of the Hospital of Soavinandriana, during a period of 24 months. Results: One hundred and five diabetics by three thousand diabetics admitted were selected for the study, giving a prevalence of 3.50%. Diabetes was type 2 in 96.19% of cases, with an average duration of evolution of 8.95 years, fourty percent did not follow any treatment. The duration of diabetes between 10 and 15 years were the most frequently affected. Glycated haemoglobin was ≥ 7% in 70.30% of cases. Ketoacidosis was the most found acute metabolic complication (43.80%), followed by hypoglycemia (28.57%) and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome (27.62%). With a rate of 26.66%, in-hospital mortality was significantly associated with advanced age, impaired consciousness with glasgow scale less than 12, very high blood glucose, 3+ glucosuria and hypokalemia. Conclusion: Therapeutic education of patients and improvement of accessibility to care are key points to minimize the occurrence of these complications.
Abstract: Introduction: Acute metabolic complications expose diabetic patients to hospital morbidity and mortality. Our study aims to describe the mortality due to these complications in the emergency department in the hospital of Soavinandriana and to determine the factors involved. Methods: This was a cross-sectional analytical study of diabetic patients a...
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Morbi - Mortality of Diabetic Patients Hospitalized at the Unit of Endocrinology at the Joseph Raseta Befelatanana Hospital, Antananarivo
Tsikinirina Valisoa Randrianomanana,
Thierry Razanamparany,
Sitraka Angelo Raharinavalona,
Rija Eric Raherison,
Haritsiky Robertini Ramalanjaona,
Miora Maeva Arielle Andrianiaina,
Andrianirina Dave Patrick Rakotomalala
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
63-69
Received:
26 July 2022
Accepted:
10 August 2022
Published:
24 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijde.20220703.14
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Abstract: Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic pathology related to chronic hyperglycemia. Its seriousness is based on its complications, which are often a source of hospitalization and death. Our aim was to identify both the main causes of hospitalization and death in Malagasy diabetic patients. Methods: We conducted a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study including all diabetic patients hospitalized between January and June 2020 at the unit of Endocrinology at the Joseph Raseta Befelatanana hospital, Antananarivo. Results: The mean age of our patients was 56.66 ± 13.03 years, the sex ratio was 0.82. Diabetes mellitus were known before admissions to hospital in 81.95% cases. Type 2 diabetes mellitus was found in the majority of our patients. The mainly causes of hospitalization were cardiovascular, in particular stroke, nephropathy and heart failure. The second cause of hospitalization was infections with a predilection on the pulmonary tract. The causes of hospital mortality were also cardiovascular, dominated by heart failure. Heart failure was a significant factor influencing mortality in these diabetic patients (OR = 4.65; 95% IC = 1.80 – 11.85; p < 0.01). Conclusion: To know the causes of morbi-mortality in diabetic patients may guide from the initiation of the preventions to the most precise multidisciplinary decisions. Prior investigations regarding diabetic patients with heart failure are needed. Thus, influences on the treatments, on follow-up and on subsequent researches may be appeared.
Abstract: Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic pathology related to chronic hyperglycemia. Its seriousness is based on its complications, which are often a source of hospitalization and death. Our aim was to identify both the main causes of hospitalization and death in Malagasy diabetic patients. Methods: We conducted a descriptive and analytical cro...
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Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Insulin Pump Therapy for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Perioperative Period
Na Li,
Jiewei Huang,
Peiru Zhou,
Xueyan Liu,
Xiaohua Lu,
Qingling Chen,
Yan Zhou
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
70-76
Received:
7 August 2022
Accepted:
21 August 2022
Published:
27 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijde.20220703.15
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Abstract: Objective: In recent years, insulin pump, as one of the effective glycemic control therapy in perioperative hyperglycemia patients, has been gradually applied and promoted in clinical type 2 diabetes patients, but there is a contradictory statements of whther it is ecomonical. To analyze the cost and effect of perioperative insulin pump treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes, this artical compared the cost-effectiveness of glucose control in the perioperative insulin pump treatment group (CSII group) with multiple daily subcutaneous insulin treatment group (MDI group) and subcutaneous insulin + oral hypoglycemic drug treatment group (subcutaneous + oral treatment group). Methods: This study is based on the cost-effectiveness analysis method, compared the difference in glucose-control treatment costs and treatment effect of the three perioperative glucose control schemes, and conducted the sensitivity analysis of the corresponding indicators. Results: The comparison of the basic data between the three patient groups was not significantly significant (P > 0.05), and it was comparable. The fastest in CSII was (3.52 ± 2.94) days, and the incidence of postoperative infection in CSII patients was basically the same as that in the subcutaneous + oral treatment group, with 12.9% and 12.5%, respectively. The savings in CSII, MDI and subcutaneous + oral treatment by 1d were 609.07, 343.83 and 311.25, respectively, much more in CSII than MDI and subcutaneous + oral treatment; reducing the postoperative infection rate by 1 percentage point was 166.20, 60.34 and 135.70, respectively, in CSII than MDI and subcutaneous + oral treatment. Comprehensive analysis shows that CSII has a good cost-effectiveness. The results of sensitivity analysis showed the credibility and stability of this study. Conclusions: Insulin pump treatment in perioperative type 2 diabetes patients is a cost-effectiveness treatment scheme, and it is very useful in perioperative type 2 diabetes patients.
Abstract: Objective: In recent years, insulin pump, as one of the effective glycemic control therapy in perioperative hyperglycemia patients, has been gradually applied and promoted in clinical type 2 diabetes patients, but there is a contradictory statements of whther it is ecomonical. To analyze the cost and effect of perioperative insulin pump treatment i...
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Delayed Growth and Puberty Revealing Pituitary Stalk Interruption Syndrome Seen at Befelatanana University Hospital in Antananarivo, Madagascar (Case Report)
Rija Eric Raherison,
Thierry Razanamparany,
Sitraka Angelo Raharinavalona,
Miora Maeva Arielle Andrianiaina,
Radonirina Lazasoa Andrianasolo,
Andrianirina Dave Patrick Rakotomalala
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
77-80
Received:
4 August 2022
Accepted:
27 August 2022
Published:
5 September 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijde.20220703.16
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Abstract: Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS) is a rare pathology characterized by a triad associating a thin or absent pituitary stalk, small anterior pituitary gland and ectopic posterior pituitary location on pituitary MRI. It is responsible for global or selective impaired production of anterior pituitary hormones. This case concerns a PSIS discovered in 16 years old boy with delayed growth and puberty, bilateral cryptorchidism treated by orchiopexy and asthenia. His personal history was marked by a breech birth with retention of the after-coming head and neonatal asphyxia. The examination revealed a short stature and the lack of signs of puberty, without associated malformation. Biologically, the plasma IGF-1 level was low at 17.6 ng/ml, the plasma total testosterone level was less than 0.4 nmol/l, the plasma FSH level was low at 0.38 mIU/ml, the plasma LH level was less than 0.12 mIU/ml, plasma cortisol level at 8 am was low at 0.6 µg/dl and the plasma TSH and T4L levels were normal. These abnormalities are in favor of somatotropic, gonadotropic and corticotropic insufficiencies. Posterior pituitary’s function appears intact. Pituitary MRI shows a pituitary stalk interruption syndrome. Androgen and glucocorticoid supplementation was initiated. Recombinant growth hormone is not available. Thus, any delays in growth and/or puberty must be carefully explored and managed early, with a multidisciplinary approach to improve patient’s vital, statural and reproductive prognosis.
Abstract: Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS) is a rare pathology characterized by a triad associating a thin or absent pituitary stalk, small anterior pituitary gland and ectopic posterior pituitary location on pituitary MRI. It is responsible for global or selective impaired production of anterior pituitary hormones. This case concerns a PSIS disc...
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Safety and Efficacy of SGLT2 Inhibitors Versus DPP4 Inhibitors in Fasting Patients with T2-Diabetes Mellitus During Ramadan in Egypt (EMPA-Ramadan)
Hesham El Hefnawy,
Mohamed Abdel Hady Mashahit,
Khaled El Sayed El Hadidy,
Heba Ramadan,
Athar Reda Ibrahim,
Amany Kamel,
Hazem Samy Matar,
Abdelrahman Ahmed Ewaise
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
81-90
Received:
17 August 2022
Accepted:
2 September 2022
Published:
14 September 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijde.20220703.17
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Abstract: This is a multicenter, observational, comparative, phase IV study, conducted to assess safety and efficacy of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2 I) versus dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP-4 I), added to biguanides for both groups, in managing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) during Ramadan fasting among Muslim Egyptian patients. All patients aged ≥ 18 years old, on SGLT2-inhibitor or DPP-4 inhibitor added on metformin for at least one month before Ramadan, willing to fast Ramadan. Demographic data, detailed medical history and laboratory results were collected before and after Ramadan. Out of 300 enrolled patients, three patients from group B (DPP-4 inhibitor) had mild hypoglycemic episodes and none in group A (SGLT2 inhibitor). Mean HbA1c markedly decreased after Ramadan fasting in Group A with a statistically significant difference (p-value = 0.021) and decreased in group B with no statistical significance (p-value = 0.365). Both medications demonstrated weight loss in patients, with a very highly statistically significant difference between both groups (p-value < 0.001). There was urinary tract infection (UTI) in both groups, with no statistical significance. No diabetic ketoacidosis was reported in the study. 6 (3.8%) of total patients in group A and 11 (7.7%) in group B had adverse events as; UTI, hypoglycemia, and genital infection. All AEs were mild to moderate and not related to medications of the trial. No serious adverse events (SAEs) were reported in the study. Both SGLT2 inhibitors and DPP4 inhibitors are safe to be used and effective in the management of T2DM during Ramadan Fasting.
Abstract: This is a multicenter, observational, comparative, phase IV study, conducted to assess safety and efficacy of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2 I) versus dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP-4 I), added to biguanides for both groups, in managing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) during Ramadan fasting among Muslim Egyptian patients. ...
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Role of Ayurveda Based Comprehensive Diabetic Care Program in Restoration of Euglycemia in Known Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus
Tejaswini Nandakumar Shingan,
Swati Kamlapure,
Nilesh Kulthe
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
91-95
Received:
20 August 2022
Accepted:
3 September 2022
Published:
16 September 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijde.20220703.18
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Abstract: Remission of diabetes mellitus could be an ideal solution to prevent impact of the pandemic of non-communicable disease in India. This study sought to understand the extent to which Ayurveda can impact remission of diabetes mellitus and achieve good glycaemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus. A retrospective, observational, single-centre study was conducted between 2018 and 2022 in Maharashtra, India. Patients aged 18 years and older with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, regardless of underlying comorbidities participated in the CDC program and were therefore included in this study. Follow-up was conducted at 30, 60, and 90 days. Day 1 and day 90 data were compared. A total of 63 patients were assessed. Of the 63 patients, 77.0% demonstrated post prandial normoglycemia, 50.8% demonstrated remission of diabetes mellitus, and 22.2% remained positive for diabetes mellitus. Variables such as weight (day1: 70.70 ± 9.82 kg and day 90: 65.15 ± 9.93 kg; p < 0.001), body mass index (day 1: 27.00 ± 3.88 and day 90: 24.91 ± 3.75; p < 0.001), abdomen girth (day 1: 98.13 ± 10.08 cm and day 90: 89.24 ± 8.40 cm; p < 0.001), and glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels (day 1: 7.87 ± 1.90% and day 90: 5.79 ± 0.51; p < 0.001) decreased significantly. The improvement in HbA1c levels and other risk factors through implementation to improve glucose metabolism can help restore euglycemic status in 12 weeks of time with adherence to the CDC program. Remission of diabetes mellitus may be dependent on patients’ compliance to a low carbohydrate diet provided during the treatment period.
Abstract: Remission of diabetes mellitus could be an ideal solution to prevent impact of the pandemic of non-communicable disease in India. This study sought to understand the extent to which Ayurveda can impact remission of diabetes mellitus and achieve good glycaemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus. A retrospective, observational, single-centre ...
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Efficiency of Madhavshakti Atta Containing Barley on Maintaining Postprandial Blood Glucose Levels in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Rohit Sane,
Rahul Mandole,
Tejashree Jadhav,
Praful Yashwantrao
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
96-102
Received:
13 August 2022
Accepted:
8 September 2022
Published:
29 September 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijde.20220703.20
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Abstract: Barley, a low glycaemic index carbohydrate facilitates the reduction in postprandial sugar levels in diabetic patients. This prospective study helps to observe the effect of diet containing barley flour mix as a source of carbohydrate on the post-prandial blood glucose levels in known diabetic patients. The patients were given lunch and dinner that contained barley flour mix as a carbohydrate source. The blood glucose level was continuously monitored and noted before consuming the food and up to 180 minutes after eating with an interval of 15 minutes for 10 days. The study enrolled 29 patients (mean age: 55.79 ± 8.88 years, 66% males). Based on the HbA1c levels (%) the study population was divided into 3 groups- Group A (5.7 to 7), Group B (7.1 to 10) and Group C (> 10). The maximum post-prandial blood glucose level was maintained below 200 mg/dL in all groups. The study highlights that diet containing barley, wheat bran, fenugreek and cinnamon is useful in controlling the postprandial blood glucose levels in all diabetic patients irrespective of the severity of their condition.
Abstract: Barley, a low glycaemic index carbohydrate facilitates the reduction in postprandial sugar levels in diabetic patients. This prospective study helps to observe the effect of diet containing barley flour mix as a source of carbohydrate on the post-prandial blood glucose levels in known diabetic patients. The patients were given lunch and dinner that...
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