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Challenges in the Funding Model of State Universities of Sao Paulo
Helio Nogueira da Cruz,
Carlos Antonio Luque,
Alberto Teixeira Protti
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, June 2015
Pages:
148-155
Received:
4 February 2015
Accepted:
3 April 2015
Published:
14 April 2015
Abstract: This article presents an evaluation of the funding model of state universities in the State of Sao Paulo in a context of growing demand for high quality higher education, the improvement of the position of these universities in international rankings and the growth pressures on the budget of the educational sector of the State of Sao Paulo. Since 1989, the State Universities in the State of Sao Paulo have their revenues linked to the collection of the Tax on the Circulation of Goods and Services – ICMS (acronym in Portuguese). However, the universities have a major weakness in their revenues links, as these are established each year by the Budget Guidelines Law of the State.
Abstract: This article presents an evaluation of the funding model of state universities in the State of Sao Paulo in a context of growing demand for high quality higher education, the improvement of the position of these universities in international rankings and the growth pressures on the budget of the educational sector of the State of Sao Paulo. Since 1...
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The Impact of Internal Control and Risk Management on Banks in Palestine
Mohammed Bayyoud,
Nermeen Ahmad Sayyad
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, June 2015
Pages:
156-161
Received:
21 March 2015
Accepted:
3 April 2015
Published:
15 April 2015
Abstract: The purpose of the study attempts to analyze the impact of internal control and risk management on banks in Palestine. The investigation helped in identifying the impacts of new banking reformations and rules on the risk assessment, identification, and mitigation in banks. It was also assessed that whether frauds and errors are reduced, different types of risk are controlled, duties are segregated and practices are aligned with international standards in banks due to reformed internal control procedures. A qualitative close-ended survey was carried out for collecting data from managers of 10 banks in Palestine. The responses of 22 statements were collected in five different categories. The findings showed that overall internal control and risk management systems in Palestine have positively affected the banks in terms of quantitative as well as qualitative performance.
Abstract: The purpose of the study attempts to analyze the impact of internal control and risk management on banks in Palestine. The investigation helped in identifying the impacts of new banking reformations and rules on the risk assessment, identification, and mitigation in banks. It was also assessed that whether frauds and errors are reduced, different t...
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Analysis on the Policy Effect of Replacing Business Tax with Added-Value Tax
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, June 2015
Pages:
162-171
Received:
17 February 2015
Accepted:
13 March 2015
Published:
17 April 2015
Abstract: In August 2013, the policy of replacing business tax with added-value tax (hereinafter referred to as VAT) was formally popularized to the whole national. It was an important measure of China comprehensively deepening the reform, readjusting the industrial structure and promoting the economic development. On the micro and macro aspects, the political effect of the policy of replacing business tax with VAT is analyzed in this paper from the time of trial implement to being carried out although the country. From the micro aspect, the analysis is based on the impact of the policy on the producers, consumers and the demand for labors. From the macro aspect, the analysis is based on the impact of the policy on the budget management system, industrial structure and fair income distribution. At the same time, the paper analyzes the problems, which appeared since the policy had been carried out for a year and gives some suggestions from the angles of actual operation and implementation. It could provide the beneficial reference to improve the policy of replacing business tax with VAT.
Abstract: In August 2013, the policy of replacing business tax with added-value tax (hereinafter referred to as VAT) was formally popularized to the whole national. It was an important measure of China comprehensively deepening the reform, readjusting the industrial structure and promoting the economic development. On the micro and macro aspects, the politic...
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The Comparison between Microcredit Finance and Community Development Finance to Alleviate the Extreme Poverty in Bangladesh: A Case Study of Shibalaya
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, June 2015
Pages:
172-178
Received:
6 April 2015
Accepted:
10 April 2015
Published:
21 April 2015
Abstract: This paper explains the comparison between Microcredit Finance and Community Development Finance to alleviate the extreme poverty in Bangladesh. According to the theory, Microcredit is a small loan (microloan) to be provided to those who have less collateral, it supports entrepreneurship and alleviates poverty through empowering women and uplifting entire communities by extension. On the other hand, Community Development Finance (CDF) focuses on personal lending and business development efforts in local communities by individual person or institution. The study obtained the opinions of 50 families from Shibalaya Thana under Manikgonj district in Bangladesh through a survey on the impact of Microcredit Finance and Community Development Finance to alleviate their extreme poverty. To conduct this study, qualitative (expert interview, focus group discussion) and quantitative methods was used. The study is based on primary data collection through questionnaires and Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was used to analyze the data. The study found that both of these mechanisms have a significant role to alleviate the poverty who could utilize the loan properly. However, these two mechanisms for alleviating poverty have some demerits as well. Finally, this study came up with some recommendation to get more benefit from these two mechanisms to alleviate poverty in Bangladesh. Nevertheless, the results of the study are constrained by the size of the sample, area and robustness of the analysis.
Abstract: This paper explains the comparison between Microcredit Finance and Community Development Finance to alleviate the extreme poverty in Bangladesh. According to the theory, Microcredit is a small loan (microloan) to be provided to those who have less collateral, it supports entrepreneurship and alleviates poverty through empowering women and uplifting...
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Impact of Macroeconomic Variables on Economic Development of Bangladesh Since Liberation War: An Empirical Study
Raad Mozib Lalon,
Nusrat Jahan
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, June 2015
Pages:
179-193
Received:
18 March 2015
Accepted:
7 April 2015
Published:
22 April 2015
Abstract: The devastating economic situation after liberation war of Bangladesh in 1971 can again be transpired during the current as well as future democratic rulers as the state of the economic condition is currently facing possibly the most severe exigency since the macro-economic crisis of the late 1980s. The twin shocks emanating from the yawning fiscal deficit and deteriorating balance of payments have exposed the entrenched vulnerabilities of the Bangladesh economy, putting under threat the achievement of the 1990s. A large part of these stresses and strains are underpinned by the fundamental structural weaknesses which characterize the Bangladesh economy. But the pressures have been accentuated by a benign neglect in undertaking necessary reform measures to improve the competitiveness of the economy. Bangladesh is a developing country in the South Asia. Its illiterate and unskilled large population is a burden to the country. Agriculture is the main source of the income of the country. Government of the country is taking various steps to decrease poverty, but yet about one-third of people of Bangladesh are living below the national poverty line. More than half of the children of Bangladesh are underweight. The gross domestic product (GDP) is hovering around 6% for the last decade. Migrated labor and send remittances were on the increase. Conversely, inflation, government debt and GDP growth are nothing to write home about. Shortage of electricity and gas supplies, poor road network, bridges and ports, political unrest and natural calamities are major problems in national production and economic development. Debt burden of the government is increasing rapidly over time due to increase in the budget deficit. Both the internal and external debts of the government are increasing every year. Among the various obstacles, Bangladesh is advocating for poverty reduction by means of improving the quality of education and promoting gender equality. This has led to an achievement of reduction in child mortality and improvement in maternal health.
Abstract: The devastating economic situation after liberation war of Bangladesh in 1971 can again be transpired during the current as well as future democratic rulers as the state of the economic condition is currently facing possibly the most severe exigency since the macro-economic crisis of the late 1980s. The twin shocks emanating from the yawning fiscal...
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An Assessment of the Quality of Services of Kenya Power (KP) Ltd in Restoring Supply After Unplanned Interruptions Using Statistical Quality Control
George Yogo Odongo,
Christopher Ngacho
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, June 2015
Pages:
194-203
Received:
30 March 2015
Accepted:
11 April 2015
Published:
24 April 2015
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to apply statistical quality control (SQC) techniques and tools to assess the customer’s experience of quality as offered by Kenya Power Ltd. It also seeks to determine whether or not the services of the company were in statistical control. The study was designed as a descriptive survey. The population consisted of 65,830 customers within Nakuru town and its environs from which four hundred customers were sampled. The sample population was stratified so that 286 were domestic consumers while the remaining 114 were non-domestic consumers. Stratified random sampling was used. The collected data was coded and summarized in the form of tables and entered into the SPSS program. Customers’ experiences were obtained and used to draw control charts, which were analyzed. It was found that the customers’ experience of service as regards the restoration of supply after unplanned interruptions was not in statistical control for both domestic and non-domestic consumers. These results are an indictment of the qualities of service of Kenya Power. The implication for the managers of service processes at Kenya Power is that they must ensure optimal service quality in the firm. In particular, urgent steps must be taken to identify the root cause or causes of special variation that result in service invariability and instability. We strongly advocate for the intensified use of statistical quality control tools in the utility services sector and particularly at Kenya Power, as a means of monitoring the production and service quality, and enabling the firm to take timely and appropriate action to correct undesirable deviation in production quality.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to apply statistical quality control (SQC) techniques and tools to assess the customer’s experience of quality as offered by Kenya Power Ltd. It also seeks to determine whether or not the services of the company were in statistical control. The study was designed as a descriptive survey. The population consisted of 65,...
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Critical Analysis of the Factors Affecting the Dividend Payout: Evidence from Pakistan
Saghir Ahmed,
Hasan Murtaza
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, June 2015
Pages:
204-212
Received:
28 March 2015
Accepted:
10 April 2015
Published:
27 April 2015
Abstract: The research was conducted to highlight the determinants of dividend payout and to analyse the effect of change in dividends over the future company growth in Pakistan. Firm size, liquidity, profitability, leverage, and earnings per share were used as independent variable while dividend payout ratio was taken as dependent variable. Prolonging this relationship further, dividend payout ratio was taken as independent variable and company growth as dependent variable to examine the impact of dividend payout ratio on future company growth. Descriptive statistics and pooled least square method were used. E-views was used to process the secondary data from 2003-2011 related to 38 selected companies from four different sectors. Results show that there is a significant relationship among liquidity, earning per share, leverage, firm size and dividend payout ratio in all four selected sectors: Oil, Cement, Energy, and Sugar. It is also found that there is significant relationship between dividend payout ratio and future company growth.
Abstract: The research was conducted to highlight the determinants of dividend payout and to analyse the effect of change in dividends over the future company growth in Pakistan. Firm size, liquidity, profitability, leverage, and earnings per share were used as independent variable while dividend payout ratio was taken as dependent variable. Prolonging this ...
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Stock Markets Linkages Before, During and After Subprimes Crisis: Bivariate BEKK GARCH (1, 1) and DCC Models
Samar Zlitni Abdelkefi,
Walid Khoufi
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, June 2015
Pages:
213-230
Received:
18 February 2015
Accepted:
22 April 2015
Published:
6 May 2015
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to apply the Bivariate BEKK- GARCH (1, 1) and DCC- GARCH models in evaluating volatility spillovers and dynamic conditional correlation between stock indices. In this paper, the causal relation between stock markets (Nasdaq and each of these indices: Cac 40, Dax 30, Ftse 100, Global Dow Hangseng, Nikkei 225, Russell 2000, Shanghai, S&P 500 and Stoxx 600) is examined through applying Granger Causality test. The sample period started from January, 5th 2001 to September, 17th 2014. The whole sample period was divided into three sub-periods: Pre-crisis, global financial crisis and Post-crisis. Overall results proved unilateral and bilateral relationship between the variables. DCC model’s coefficients prove significant interdependence for all indices except Hangseng, Shanghai and S&P500.
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to apply the Bivariate BEKK- GARCH (1, 1) and DCC- GARCH models in evaluating volatility spillovers and dynamic conditional correlation between stock indices. In this paper, the causal relation between stock markets (Nasdaq and each of these indices: Cac 40, Dax 30, Ftse 100, Global Dow Hangseng, Nikkei 225, Russell 200...
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Effects of Gender Biasness on Child Immunization in Pakistan
Samra Subhani,
Sofia Anwar,
Masood Ahmad Khan,
Ghulam Jeelani,
G. M. Subhani
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, June 2015
Pages:
231-234
Received:
24 March 2015
Accepted:
24 April 2015
Published:
6 May 2015
Abstract: The study aimed to see the gender biasness in child immunization in Pakistan. Cross sectional data were taken from the DHS (Demographic and Health Survey) of Pakistan from year 2005-2006. Study has been done in department of economics Govt. College University Faisalabad from July 2013 – November 2013. Multilogistic model was applied to see the effects of gender biasness. Mother’s age at first birth, gender of household head, gender of child, birth order was taken as independent variables. Child immunization was used as the dependent variable. It is concluded that the young mothers immunize their children more than the old mothers. Female child had less probability to get immunized than the male children. Male heads were less conscious to immunize their children than the female heads.It was recommended that the male and female should be treated equally. It was also suggested that the heads of family should be male.
Abstract: The study aimed to see the gender biasness in child immunization in Pakistan. Cross sectional data were taken from the DHS (Demographic and Health Survey) of Pakistan from year 2005-2006. Study has been done in department of economics Govt. College University Faisalabad from July 2013 – November 2013. Multilogistic model was applied to see the effe...
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Determinants of Effective Monitoring and Evaluation System of Public Health Programs: A Case Study of School-Based Hand Washing Program in Kwale County, Kenya
Lamech Otieno Okello,
Fred Mugambi
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, June 2015
Pages:
235-251
Received:
1 May 2015
Accepted:
9 May 2015
Published:
19 May 2015
Abstract: The main objective of the study was to identify determinants of effective monitoring and evaluation of public health programs, a case study of School based hand washing project in Kwale County which is implemented by Ministry of Health, Ministry of Education and other partners. Monitoring and evaluation is an essential and critical undertaking in any project or program. It assists the management to learn about their own activities and results, to support internal planning and development and accountability to their stakeholders. Organisations/programs need evidence of their efficiency and effectiveness for funders, commissioners and investors or generally all the stakeholders. Monitoring and evaluation is critical to public health programs locally and globally, as donors, governments, and other relevant stakeholders must validate their investments and improve program performance. Globally evaluation and repeated monitoring of a range of indicators reflecting hand hygiene infrastructures and practices is a vital component of any successful hand hygiene campaign. The data for the study was collected using descriptive research design where questionnaires were administered to team leaders, supervisors and other personnel who were involved in implementing the project to demonstrate associations or relationships between the variables. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0 was used to analyze the data, descriptive statistics was used for data presentation. The study concluded that project human resource plays a vital role in monitoring and evaluation of public health programs and the project team should be composed of specialized staffs that are properly trained to conduct monitoring and evaluation. According to the study, key informants were aware and knowledgeable of hand washing project in Kwale County. For monitoring and evaluation systems to be functional properly, advocacy strategies need to be developed and supported within the organization. Also a culture to support monitoring and evaluation should be developed within the organization. The study made some recommendations which included involvement of all the stakeholders in School based hand washing project as this will assist in strengthening monitoring and evaluation unit, advocacy strategies on School based hand washing project in Kwale County needed some improvement.
Abstract: The main objective of the study was to identify determinants of effective monitoring and evaluation of public health programs, a case study of School based hand washing project in Kwale County which is implemented by Ministry of Health, Ministry of Education and other partners. Monitoring and evaluation is an essential and critical undertaking in a...
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An Empirical Analysis of Population Growth on Economic Development: The Case Study of Bangladesh
Shahjahan Ali,
Khandaker Jahangir Alam,
Shafiul Islam,
Morshed Hossain
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, June 2015
Pages:
252-259
Received:
29 April 2015
Accepted:
11 May 2015
Published:
21 May 2015
Abstract: The population growth has a vital impact on economic development. There are two instructs of thought regarding this issue. Some researchers maintain that population has a negative impact on economic development while others are convinced that the effects are positive. Bangladesh’s population increased 430 percent over the year1950-2012. Multivariate analyses of 1981 to 2014 data from the Bangladesh Economic Survey and from the International Financial Statistics yearbooks found significant and negative relationship between population growth and measures of economic advancement. These results demonstrate that rapid population growth is a real problem in Bangladesh because it contributes to lower investment growth and diminishes the savings rate. Today foreign investment and export promotion have only a small impact on Bangladesh’s economic growth. Owing to its rapid population growth, Bangladesh has among the world’s highest dependency ratios. Policy makers can address these serious economic consequences of rapid population growth by investing in family planning services. Development of independent media and liberal education in educational institutions will in time also help by encouraging a smaller family size ideal.
Abstract: The population growth has a vital impact on economic development. There are two instructs of thought regarding this issue. Some researchers maintain that population has a negative impact on economic development while others are convinced that the effects are positive. Bangladesh’s population increased 430 percent over the year1950-2012. Multivariat...
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Influence of Enviromental Factors on Financing of Public Irrigation Projects in Kenya
Quinter Omware Owawa,
Alice Emily Osoro
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, June 2015
Pages:
260-269
Received:
7 May 2015
Accepted:
11 May 2015
Published:
21 May 2015
Abstract: Project finance (PF) is a relatively new concept in developing countries as opposed to developed countries. PF has been used in development of Infrastructure in Energy sector (oil and gas, mining, electricity generation), water sector, telecommunication, roads and highway, railway, Irrigation and public services. Different scholars and experts have worked on development on infrastructure projects in different sectors using PF concept, even though the PF concept has been used few studies have been done on Irrigation sector. The purpose of this paper is to analyze Influence of environmental factors on financing of irrigation projects; by critically looking at its use in other sectors in comparison to irrigation sector. In examining these aspects, an attempt is made to achieve four main objectives: to determine Key Commercial Risks involved, analyze Main contractual forms of PPPs in Irrigation, to determine Key Legal issues involved and to generate proposition for future empirical studies.
Abstract: Project finance (PF) is a relatively new concept in developing countries as opposed to developed countries. PF has been used in development of Infrastructure in Energy sector (oil and gas, mining, electricity generation), water sector, telecommunication, roads and highway, railway, Irrigation and public services. Different scholars and experts have...
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The J-Curve Effect on the Trade Balance in Armenia
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, June 2015
Pages:
270-278
Received:
27 April 2015
Accepted:
11 May 2015
Published:
23 May 2015
Abstract: Over the past years the Armenian Dram has appreciated against their major trading partners’ currencies. Such appreciation has received mixed reactions. Some economists argue that the depreciation of currencies is a good stimulant for export growth, while others argue that the net benefits of depreciation cannot outweigh its ills on the economy. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of depreciation on the trade balance of Armenia using vector error correction model (VECM) and to trace the response of the trade balance to the shocks in the exchange rate using Impulse response function. This study finds evidence of the J-curve on the Armenian trade balance and the existence of a long-run equilibrium relationship among the variables. This suggests that following a real depreciation the trade balance will initially deteriorate, but will improve in the long run.
Abstract: Over the past years the Armenian Dram has appreciated against their major trading partners’ currencies. Such appreciation has received mixed reactions. Some economists argue that the depreciation of currencies is a good stimulant for export growth, while others argue that the net benefits of depreciation cannot outweigh its ills on the economy. The...
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Effect of Automation of Bond Trading on Bond Market Performance: The Case of Nairobi Securities Exchange
Stephen Mbaya Kimwele,
Mary Bosire,
Monica Muiru,
Simon Kamau
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, June 2015
Pages:
279-284
Received:
4 May 2015
Accepted:
13 May 2015
Published:
26 May 2015
Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of automation of bond trading on the performance of bond market at Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE). Specifically the study sought to determine the effect of automated bond trading on trading volumes and to determine the effect of automated bond trading on market size. The study adopted a comparative research design and the population of the study comprised of all firms trading on the bond market at the NSE from 2005 to 2012. The data for the study was collected four years before automation and four years after automation. Market capitalization ratio and the number of bonds traded were used to determine pre and post-automation bond market performance. Paired t-test was used to determine whether there was a statistically significant difference between the pre and post automation period. The results of the study indicated that bond trading automation has a positive and a significant effect on the performance of the bond market.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of automation of bond trading on the performance of bond market at Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE). Specifically the study sought to determine the effect of automated bond trading on trading volumes and to determine the effect of automated bond trading on market size. The study adopted a compara...
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Determinants of Liquidation of Government Securities Held by Banks in Uganda
Kenneth Alpha Egesa,
Bruno Max Ocaya,
Leonard Kiboijana Atuhaire,
Yeko Mwanga,
Tom Nyanzi Makumbi,
Xavier Mugisha
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, June 2015
Pages:
285-293
Received:
7 May 2015
Accepted:
17 May 2015
Published:
27 May 2015
Abstract: This study analyzed the determinants of bank liquidation of government securities using panel logistic regression. The analysis showed that the liquidation of government securities by banks was motivated by reserve needs although some evidence of reluctance to borrow from the Central Bank was also noted. The main policy implications of the study include the need to minimize liquidity shortages in the interbank market and development of the secondary market as measures that can minimize liquidation of securities.
Abstract: This study analyzed the determinants of bank liquidation of government securities using panel logistic regression. The analysis showed that the liquidation of government securities by banks was motivated by reserve needs although some evidence of reluctance to borrow from the Central Bank was also noted. The main policy implications of the study in...
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Determinants of Investment in Government Securities by Banks in Uganda
Kenneth Alpha Egesa,
Bruno Max Ocaya,
Leonard Kiboijana Atuhaire,
Yeko Mwanga,
Tom Nyanzi Makumbi,
Xavier Mugisha
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, June 2015
Pages:
294-302
Received:
18 May 2015
Accepted:
27 May 2015
Published:
28 May 2015
Abstract: This study analyzed the determinants of investments in securities by banks using the generalized method of moments regression technique. The results showed significant effects of continuous partial adjustments in the government securities held, capitalization, loan performance and bank size. To ensure continued demand for Government securities, regulatory measures aimed at safeguarding capital adequacy and promoting competition in the banking sector are recommended.
Abstract: This study analyzed the determinants of investments in securities by banks using the generalized method of moments regression technique. The results showed significant effects of continuous partial adjustments in the government securities held, capitalization, loan performance and bank size. To ensure continued demand for Government securities, reg...
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Factors Affecting Effectiveness of E-Procurement in Business Organizations, a Survey of Safaricom Dealers in Nakuru CBD-Kenya
Eunice Waruguru,
Sophia Nduta Kiruri
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, June 2015
Pages:
303-310
Received:
13 May 2015
Accepted:
20 May 2015
Published:
2 June 2015
Abstract: The study focused on establishing factors affecting effectiveness of e-procurement in business organizations. It was carried out among Safaricom dealers in Nakuru Central Business District (CBD). The specific objectives that guided the study were: to find out how e-security affects effectiveness of e-procurement among Safaricom dealers in Nakuru CBD; to determine the extent to which quality of software systems affect the effectiveness of e-procurement among Safaricom dealers in Nakuru CBD; to find out how staff training affects the effectiveness of e-procurement among Safaricom dealers in Nakuru CBD; and to determine how subcontracting affects the effectiveness of e-procurement among Safaricom dealers in Nakuru CBD. The findings of the study will be of great importance to Safaricom dealers as well as other business organizations for they will get to know the factors affecting the effectiveness of e-procurement in their organizations and thereby come up with measures to enhance the effectiveness of e-procurement process as a whole. A survey research design was adopted for the study where 31 procurement personnel working in Safaricom dealer shops in Nakuru CBD formed the target population for the study. A census technique was used where all 31 respondents were included for the study. A questionnaire was used as the data collection instrument and contained closed ended questions. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages, while presentation of the results was in the form of tables, charts and graphs which facilitated clear interpretation of results and drawing of conclusion. The findings revealed that e-security affected the effectiveness of e-procurement among Safaricom dealers in Nakuru CBD to a large extent. The quality of software that was being used by Safaricom dealers was found to affect the effectiveness of e-procurement to a large extent. Training sessions were offered to employees of Safaricom dealers often and the level at which training was found to affect the effectiveness of e-procurement was to a large extent. Also established was that subcontracting affected the effectiveness of e-procurement to a very large extent. Based on these findings, the researcher recommended that regular software updates should be done and firewalls installed as e-security measures to forbid outside threats such as hackers and viruses from gaining access to the system and thereby safeguarding data being transacted. The researcher suggested that further research should be conducted to determine the challenges faced in the implementation of information technology in the procurement process.
Abstract: The study focused on establishing factors affecting effectiveness of e-procurement in business organizations. It was carried out among Safaricom dealers in Nakuru Central Business District (CBD). The specific objectives that guided the study were: to find out how e-security affects effectiveness of e-procurement among Safaricom dealers in Nakuru CB...
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Time Management of Slovak Managers
Elena Thomasova,
Zuzana Skorkova
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, June 2015
Pages:
311-318
Received:
18 March 2015
Accepted:
20 May 2015
Published:
4 June 2015
Abstract: The following article deals with the problem of time management in the life of the manager. Time is very valuable commodity and lot of managers feel that they do not have enough time to do their jobs to their full potential. The use of time must be explicitly managed, just like money. The goal of our research was the examination of the efficient use of the main principles of time management in the life of the manager. Research was done among 253 managers from different companies operating in Slovakia. The theoretical part of this article is concerned mainly with concepts such as the generations of time management, the relation between satisfaction and performance, satisfaction as the goal of the fourth generation of time management. The result of the research of the given problem is a collection of practical recommendations for efficient time management.
Abstract: The following article deals with the problem of time management in the life of the manager. Time is very valuable commodity and lot of managers feel that they do not have enough time to do their jobs to their full potential. The use of time must be explicitly managed, just like money. The goal of our research was the examination of the efficient us...
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An Assessment of Leadership Styles and Employee Performance in Small and Medium Enterprises in Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, June 2015
Pages:
319-324
Received:
13 May 2015
Accepted:
23 May 2015
Published:
5 June 2015
Abstract: Background: SMEs are generally regarded as an important engine driving the growth of many economies as well as providing opportunities for job creation and rural development, which accounts for 10 % of the total manufacturing output and 70% of employment in Nigeria. In view of the importance of SMEs, a sector that has the potential for solving Nigeria’s unemployment and poverty problems, it is important to understand and critically examine the factor(s) impeding its growth to be able to proffer solutions that would identify the strengths and weaknesses, analyze and assess problems in the SMEs and provide information on the effects leadership has on employee job performance. Some of the advantages claimed for SMEs include encouragement of entrepreneurship, greater likelihood for SMEs to utilize labour intensive technologies positively impact on employment generation. As argued by some researchers, the actual influence of leaders on organizational outcomes is overrated and romanticized as a result of biased attributions about leaders. Study Design: This quantitative cross-sectional study in the form of survey, administered questionnaire to randomly selected participants. The sample size for the quantitative component was 100 comprising of 21 management staff and 79 employees from the five selected SME firms in Yola, Adamawa State. In-depth interview involving 12 personnel (4 management staff and 8 employees) was also used. Results: Results were presented using both descriptive and inferential statistics. It was evident that the predominant type of leadership in the enterprises studied is participative democracy, and that leadership styles have effect on the performance of employee. This was supported by the fact that results of the computed Chi square test (24.55 and 17.39) for the first and second hypotheses (at P≤0.05, df = 95) are greater than the tabulated (0.078 and 0.136) (at P≤0.05, df = 95). Conclusion: This research was able to show that leadership styles have effect on the employee performance and also the leadership style in use is participative democracy.
Abstract: Background: SMEs are generally regarded as an important engine driving the growth of many economies as well as providing opportunities for job creation and rural development, which accounts for 10 % of the total manufacturing output and 70% of employment in Nigeria. In view of the importance of SMEs, a sector that has the potential for solving Nige...
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Determinants of Financial Independence in Developing Countries (A Case Study of Kenya)
Dennis Muturi Muthara,
Jane Ndirangu-Muiruri,
William Kazungu Kingi
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, June 2015
Pages:
325-329
Received:
14 May 2015
Accepted:
29 May 2015
Published:
11 June 2015
Abstract: The main objective of this study was to examine the determinants of financial independence in developing countries, with focus on Kenya. Two theories were looked into, the Dependency Theory and the Classical Dependency Theory. The research was based on fourteen departments in the Kenyan government. The three variables examined in this study include corruption, financial planning and balance of payment. The researcher measured to what extent each of the three variables affected financial dependency of a country. Secondary data from Transparency International, IMF reports, World Bank reports, Government reports by the auditor general, Vision 2030 reports, Kenya Economic Reports and other reports and journals was used. This data was analyzed using SPSS. This research established that there is a relationship between financial independence and financial planning as well as balance of payment. There was a positive correlation between financial planning and financial dependence and balance of payment and financial dependence. The researcher recommended that the government adopts better financial planning strategies such as reduction of recurrent expenditure and tightening the noose on revenue collection methods used as well as to improve on the amount of exports by expanding the range of products produced by the by the country for export.
Abstract: The main objective of this study was to examine the determinants of financial independence in developing countries, with focus on Kenya. Two theories were looked into, the Dependency Theory and the Classical Dependency Theory. The research was based on fourteen departments in the Kenyan government. The three variables examined in this study include...
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