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Good Outcome in Isolated Basilar Artery Dissection
Yordan Spirdonov,
Plamen Getsov,
Grigorii Nedelkov,
Evguenia Vassileva,
Marko Klissurski,
Marin Daskalov
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, March 2015
Pages:
26-28
Received:
9 December 2014
Accepted:
19 December 2014
Published:
27 February 2015
Abstract: Isolated basilar artery dissection is a rare vascular pathology with varied clinical presentations and prognoses. We report a case of a 54-year-old woman, presented with subarachnoid hemorrhages (Hunt-Hess grade II). Brain computed tomography demonstrated a perimesencephalic pattern of haemorrhage. Magnetic resonance angiography revealed an isolated basilar artery dissection. Conservative treatment was performed. A complete resolution of the clinical symptoms occurs over a period of 30 days. There was no recurrent haemorrhage. On a follow-up magnetic resonance angiography three months later, a complete resolution of the intramural haematoma in the basilar artery was demonstrated. Some of the cases of basilar artery dissection with perimesencephalic pattern of subarachnoid haemorrhages could have a good prognosis, and could be treated conservatively.
Abstract: Isolated basilar artery dissection is a rare vascular pathology with varied clinical presentations and prognoses. We report a case of a 54-year-old woman, presented with subarachnoid hemorrhages (Hunt-Hess grade II). Brain computed tomography demonstrated a perimesencephalic pattern of haemorrhage. Magnetic resonance angiography revealed an isolate...
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Acute Pericarditis and Viral Infection
Beatriz Cruz Barcelos,
Luis Felipe Silveira Santos,
Nathalia Antônio Monteiro de Castro,
Ana Paula Silveira Menezes,
Tufik José Geleilete,
Reinaldo Bugarelli Bestetti,
Rosemary Aparecida Furlan Daniel
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, March 2015
Pages:
29-31
Received:
7 February 2015
Accepted:
2 March 2015
Published:
8 March 2015
Abstract: Introduction: Hantaviruses is a disease of fever character caused by the virus, RNA from simple tape, of the Bunyaviridae family. Hantaviruses may occur in two clinical types: 1) hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Europe and Asia; 2) cardiopulmonary syndrome by hantaviruses only in Americas. Acute pericarditis is a clinical syndrome with the following characteristics: chest pain, pericardium friction and evolutive alterations of repolarization in the electrocardiogram. The most common etiology is idiopathic and viral. Case report: A man, 38 years old, living at the rural area, with myalgia, arthralgia, fever, loss of appetite, diarrhea, dry cough, chronic headache and retroorbital pain for 5 days. He was diagnosed with classical dengue, so, he received medical treatment with oral hydratation and symptomatical. He went to the Emergency Unit Care - Ribeirão Preto in the 6th day of symptoms, because of the worsening in his clinical condition, with the diagnosis hypothesis of Syndrome of Dengue Shock. Though, serology for dengue was negative. With this result and for the fact that the patient lived in a rural area a survey about the presence of Hantaviruses was made. As the result for the serology had positive for Hantaviruses. With the diagnosis for Cardiopulmonary Syndrome and Pericarditis for Hantaviruses it was made a clinical support to maintain the vital functions, with emphasis in oxygenation and observing the respiratory functions. The patient had satisfactory evolution in the clinical condition. Discussion: Ribeirão Preto is an endemic area for Dengue. Dengue is a fever disease that in its initial phase, has common symptoms with other diseases, like Hantaviruses. This case refers to a patient with clinic and laboratorial exams compatible with Dengue. Though, with the worsening of his symptoms, and the Hypothesis of Shock Syndrome Dengue, treatment began according to the preconizing protocol and the Electrocardiogram identified alterations of repolarization, and the echocardiography was indicated, where the pericardial effusion was evident. Pericarditis was not mentioned as a complication of cardiopulmonary syndrome by hantaviruses. Conclusion: In this report we introduced the case of a patient initially medicated for Dengue and after had Hantaviruses confirmed. EKG helped in the identification and the severity of the illness and the sorological exams defined the infection. Only the clinical board and the epidemiology can't be used for the diagnosis of Dengue. Serology survey is getting more important for these pathologies not being sub notifcated and not treated correctly and conveniently.
Abstract: Introduction: Hantaviruses is a disease of fever character caused by the virus, RNA from simple tape, of the Bunyaviridae family. Hantaviruses may occur in two clinical types: 1) hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Europe and Asia; 2) cardiopulmonary syndrome by hantaviruses only in Americas. Acute pericarditis is a clinical syndrome with the ...
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Laboratory Dilutions of Thioridaxine with Potential to Enhance Antibiotic Sensitivity in a Multidrug Resistant Escherichia Coli Uropathogen
Otajevwo F. D.,
Iyabor F. O.
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, March 2015
Pages:
32-40
Received:
14 December 2014
Accepted:
29 December 2014
Published:
9 March 2015
Abstract: This research effort seeks to use doses of thioridaxine to enhance antibiotic sensitivity in a MDR Escherichia coli strain. Five axenic (pure) strains of Escherichia coli coded EC1 to EC5 were obtained from five infected midstream urine samples among several other urine samples inoculated on sterile Cystine Lactose Electrolyte Deficient (CLED) agar with appropriate labeling in the Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory of Western Delta University, Oghara, Nigeria and stocked on sterile Nutrient agar slants at 4oC in a refrigerator. Slant cultures were sub-cultured aseptically on fresh sterile CLED agar plates and incubated aerobically at 37oC for 24hrs to confirm Escherichia coli strains. Gram staining, indole production, methyl red test, voges praskaeur and citrate utilization tests were done on the resulting colonies to further confirm the strains as E.coli. Antibiotic susceptibility test was done by agar disc diffusion method on all confirmed strains on sterile Mueller- Hinton agar plates before and after treatment with laboratory dilutions of thioridaxine. Only E.coli strain 2 (EC2) was multidrug resistant as it resisted 4(44.4%) of the antibiotics used which were cefuroxime, nalidixic acid, augmentin and tetracycline. Other strains resisted 1-2 antibiotics. The highest (15.6±20.6mm) and least (2.0±8.1mm) zones of inhibition by all five strains were recorded for ofloxacin and cefuroxime respectively. Whereas all five uropathogen strains resisted augmentin, they were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin (both being fluoroquinolones), gentamicin, chloramphenicol and nitrofurantoin. After treatment with 2000-2240ug/ml laboratory dilutions of thioridaxine, ≤50.0% loss of resistance was recorded for 2040ug/ml, 2160ug/ml and 2240ug/ml dilutions. Thioridaxine dilution of 2040ug/ml induced 250% and 90% resistance losses of EC2 to ciprofloxacin and nitrofurantoin respectively with an overall mean±S.E loss of 68.0±24.4%. Resistance losses of 112.5%, 130.0% and 100.0% to ciprofloxacin, nitrofurantoin and chloramphenicol respectively were recorded after 2160ug/ml treatment and 68.5±16.3% overall loss of resistance. Thioridaxine dilutions of 2240ug/ml induced 55.6±25.0% overall loss of resistance with a corresponding 50.0%, 50.0%, 58.1%, 70.0% and 50.0% resistance losses with gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, nitrofurantoin and chloramphenicol respectively. Less than 50% resistance losses were recorded for 2000, 2080, 2120 and 2200ug/ml dilutions. Minimum inhibitory concentration of chloramphenicol was lowered by 2080ug/ml, 2160ug/ml and 2240ug/ml dilutions by two-fold (15ug), two-fold (15ug) and four-fold (7.5ug) respectively. The medical/ chemotherapeutic implications of these findings are discussed.
Abstract: This research effort seeks to use doses of thioridaxine to enhance antibiotic sensitivity in a MDR Escherichia coli strain. Five axenic (pure) strains of Escherichia coli coded EC1 to EC5 were obtained from five infected midstream urine samples among several other urine samples inoculated on sterile Cystine Lactose Electrolyte Deficient (CLED) agar...
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A Novel Intervention to Increase Male Involvement in Prevention of Parent to Child HIV Transmission
Isichei Christian,
Courtney Snelling Jennifer,
Onwuezobe Caroline,
Oyebode Tinuade,
Mercy Isichei,
Njab Jean,
Adeyanju Segun,
Johnson Rotimi
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, March 2015
Pages:
41-51
Received:
4 March 2015
Accepted:
13 March 2015
Published:
19 March 2015
Abstract: Background: Prevention of Parent To Child Transmission (PPTCT) of HIV is a major intervention to stop the spread of HIV. Rates of <2% are possible with early combination antiretroviral therapy. Tearfund African PPTCT Alliance (TAPA) supports a network of African partners in PPTCT through a church-based community outreach. To promote quality, TAPA conducts periodic programme audits to strengthen male partner involvement in PPTCT. Methods: The present audit was conducted among 11 TAPA partners in August 2011 to determine factors responsible for poor Prevention of Mother To Child Transmission (PMTCT) of HIV or PPTCT uptake in areas where churches and faith-based organizations work. Participants were all expectant mothers, male sexual partners and infants registered at these clinics. Each record was evaluated for evidence of HIV testing, results, treatment and prophylaxis against mother to child HIV transmission. Information on infant feeding patterns were also gathered. Intervention: In 2009, TAPA partners identified the need for a training toolkit to stimulate greater male partner involvement in PPTCT through antenatal clinics (ANCs) in church-based sites. The toolkit entitled “Guardians of our Children Health (GOOCH)” identified men as guardians of the health of their families and was designed to build the knowledge and skills of both parents to reduce HIV transmission to their infant. GOOCH has been successfully piloted by two organizations in Jos, Nigeria since 2008—Faith Alive Foundation (FAF) and ECWA AIDS Ministry (TEAM), as well as 14 other organizations across Africa. Lessons Learned: Male involvement in PPTCT through GOOCH increases rates of HIV testing among pregnant women (sometimes up to five times); motivates male partner involvement in PPTCT; and raises PPTCT awareness in communities. Records on men are not always kept at ANC clinics. Often there is a lack of follow up. National policies for ARV intervention are often inconsistent and change too quickly. Infant feeding patterns are mixed and not all programmes were able to obtain reliable data to assess this area of preventing transmission of HIV. Next Steps: Advocacy for improvements and scaling up of PPTCT especially with Nigeria being the lowest in Africa. Scale up GOOCH in communities where it was most effective and introduce it to communities where it is likely to have the greatest impact. Also, adopt the concept of Integrated Supportive Supervision trainings with integration of Maternal Child Health (MCH) into all levels of health care system.
Abstract: Background: Prevention of Parent To Child Transmission (PPTCT) of HIV is a major intervention to stop the spread of HIV. Rates of ...
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