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Effectivity Test on Bacillus thuringiensis Isolate in Land Around Lampung University, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia
Emantis Rosa,
Christina Nugroho Ekowati,
Ambar Prameswari
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 3, August 2017
Pages:
113-115
Received:
30 January 2017
Accepted:
16 February 2017
Published:
2 March 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijmb.20170203.11
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Abstract: Until now, efforts to control mosquitoes as vectors still using chemical insecticides. The use of chemicals in continuing can cause resistance towards mosquitoes and cause environmental damage. One of the alternatives that can be utilized is a biological control, such as Bacillus thuringiensis. This research was conducted for three months in the Laboratory of Microbiology Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Lampung University. The results showed that isolates of B. thuringiensis from the ground under trees at Lampung University environment equally effective towards Aedes aegypti larval mortality. The study design was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) arranged as factorial. The density of B. thuringiensis isolates 2x107cell / ml Br (A) can cause mortality to larvae of Aedes aegypti high of 22.5% followed by the density of the density of 2x106 cells / ml by 7.5%.
Abstract: Until now, efforts to control mosquitoes as vectors still using chemical insecticides. The use of chemicals in continuing can cause resistance towards mosquitoes and cause environmental damage. One of the alternatives that can be utilized is a biological control, such as Bacillus thuringiensis. This research was conducted for three months in the La...
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Molecular Characterization and Identification of Burkholderia Multivorans BPSS Isolated from Fecal Contents of Pteropus Giganteus in Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
Sushil Kumar Barolia,
Preeti Singh,
Deepak Kumar Sharma
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 3, August 2017
Pages:
116-120
Received:
30 December 2016
Accepted:
24 February 2017
Published:
21 March 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijmb.20170203.12
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Abstract: Previous and ongoing studies have incriminated bats as reservoirs of several emerging and re-emerging zoonoses. Most of these studies, however, have focused on viral agents and neglected important bacterial pathogens. To date, there has been no report investigating the prevalence of Burkholderia multivorans spp. in bats. The Burkholderia genus, being the largest, consists of Gram-negative, forms part of the Burkholderia complex, a group of Gram negative organisms which are commonly found in soil and water. And can survive for prolonged periods in moist environments. These bacteria can act as a powerful pesticide, capable of eliminating many soil-borne plant pathogens. Many species of Burkholderia are of considerable economic importance as these serve as insecticides, cause food poisoning, produce antibiotics etc. Hence in the present study an effort has been made to elucidate the presence of Burkholderia multivorans BPSS isolated, characterized and identified from the faeces of Pteropus giganteus from Udaipur, Rajasthan India. Its phylogenetic tree has also been derived, which showed evolutionary relationship of eleven related taxa. This is the first report from Indian subcontinent correlating the role of this megachiropteran as a carrier of Burkholderia multivorans BPSS.
Abstract: Previous and ongoing studies have incriminated bats as reservoirs of several emerging and re-emerging zoonoses. Most of these studies, however, have focused on viral agents and neglected important bacterial pathogens. To date, there has been no report investigating the prevalence of Burkholderia multivorans spp. in bats. The Burkholderia genus, bei...
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Isolation, Molecular Characterization and Antibiotics Susceptibility Pattern of Methylotrophic Bacteria Occuring in the Human Mouth
Ekundayo S. W.,
Akinyosoye F. A.,
Momoh A. O.
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 3, August 2017
Pages:
121-128
Received:
5 January 2017
Accepted:
31 January 2017
Published:
21 March 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijmb.20170203.13
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Abstract: Methylotrophic bacteria are ubiquitous bacteria that are capable of using one carbon compounds such as methane, methanol, halogenated methane, and methylated amine as sources of carbon and energy for their diverse metabolic activities. Methylotrophic bacteria were isolated from the tongue, and supra- and subgingival plaque in the mouths of volunteers and patients with periodontitis. The isolation, identification, antibiotic susceptibility pattern and molecular characterization of methylotrophic bacteria from 150 volunteers and patients with periodontitis were done using standard method. Nutrient agar fortified with methylamine as a growth factor was used to aid the growth of these bacteria. The result show that a total of twelve (12) bacteria were identified. These are Bacillus licheniformis, Neisseria flava, Neisseria meningitis, Micrococcus flava, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Methylobacteria radiotolerance, Methylotrophic thiocynatum, Methylococcus capsulatum, Methylotrophic rubra and Branhamella catarhalis. The antibiotics susceptibility test showed that B. licheniformis, N. meningitis and P. aeruginosa exhibited the highest resistance against the antibiotics. The 12 bacteria were characterized molecularly with Polymerase chain reaction PCR amplified method using primers for the virulence genes of Methylotroph. The mxaF gene of methanol dehy- drogenase MxaF was detected in 3 bacteria: pilc of pilin gene in 3 bacteria, stx1 of shiga toxin nana of neuraminidase and pila of pilin gene was detected in all the bacteria. The results obtained in this research showed that methylotrophs may be responsible for periodontitis and that healthy people are carriers.
Abstract: Methylotrophic bacteria are ubiquitous bacteria that are capable of using one carbon compounds such as methane, methanol, halogenated methane, and methylated amine as sources of carbon and energy for their diverse metabolic activities. Methylotrophic bacteria were isolated from the tongue, and supra- and subgingival plaque in the mouths of voluntee...
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Characterization of Potential Pathogenic Bacterial Isolates from Urban and Rural Market Dumpsites
Iyobosa Benedicta Idahosa,
Henrietta Omokhele Obueh,
Millicent Omoyemhe Aigbekaen,
Eunice Asiboroko Odesiri - Eruteyan
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 3, August 2017
Pages:
129-134
Received:
4 March 2017
Accepted:
18 March 2017
Published:
18 April 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijmb.20170203.14
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Abstract: Antimicrobial susceptibility and toxigenicity tests were carried out on bacterial species isolated from the soil samples collected from an urban market (Oba market) and a rural market (Ekiadolor market) waste dumpsites. The bacterial species included Escherichia coli, Shigella sp, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella sp, Bacillus sp, Enterococcus sp, Clostridium sp, Proteus sp, Klebsiella sp and Pseudomonas sp. E. coli had the highest percentage occurrence of 56.0% in the urban market waste dumpsite and Enterococcus sp had the highest percentage occurrence of 28.13% in the rural market waste dumpsite. Toxigenicity test was carried out on S. aureus, Salmonella sp and E. coli isolates to ascertain enterotoxin production using the rabbit ileal loop assay. S. aureus (60%), Salmonella sp (50%) and E. coli (62.5%) isolates were positive to enterotoxin production. Ciprofloxacin (CIP), Peflacin (PEF), Tetracycline (TET) and Gentamycin (GEN) were the most effective antibiotics against the bacterial isolates. Antimicrobial susceptibility of the bacterial isolates from the urban waste dumpsite was CIP (40.74%), PEF (35.19%) and GEN (33.33%) and antimicrobial susceptibility of the bacterial isolates from the rural waste dumpsite was CIP (51.43%), TET (40.00%) and GEN (42.86%). The antibiotics were more effective against the bacterial isolates from the rural market dump site. Pollution of the environment by wastes from markets is of public health concern because the presence of pathogenic bacteria in the wastes has the potential of contaminating air, soil and ground water.
Abstract: Antimicrobial susceptibility and toxigenicity tests were carried out on bacterial species isolated from the soil samples collected from an urban market (Oba market) and a rural market (Ekiadolor market) waste dumpsites. The bacterial species included Escherichia coli, Shigella sp, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella sp, Bacillus sp, Enterococcus sp, ...
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Comparative Multiple-Locus Variable-Number Tandem Repeat Analysis of Helicobacter Pylori Isolates from South of Russia
Vladimir Mihajlovich Sorokin,
Ruslan Vjacheslavovich Pisanov,
Elena Vadimovna Golubkina,
Elena Aleksandrovna Bereznyak,
Lubov Aleksandrovna Prozorova
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 3, August 2017
Pages:
135-138
Received:
3 October 2016
Accepted:
19 March 2017
Published:
18 April 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijmb.20170203.15
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Abstract: High genetic diversity and rapid microevolution are a peculiarity of genomes Helicobacter pylori, a phenomenon that is proposed to play a functional role in persistence and colonisation of diverse human populations. Isolates of H. pylori can be classified phylogeographically. To characterise diverse strains of this pathogen in different human populations, we compare MLVA genotypes of 48 H. pylori strains isolated from different regions in the South of Russia. Cluster analysis identified 48 individual MLVA types (MTs) and revealed the possible belonging the greatest part of the strains to hpEurope, and two strains to hpEastAsia population, when compared to the 4 publically available genomes. The proposed method may be successfully used in molecular epidemiology and possibly for population identification of H. pylori. A similar study was conducted in Russia and Europe for the first time.
Abstract: High genetic diversity and rapid microevolution are a peculiarity of genomes Helicobacter pylori, a phenomenon that is proposed to play a functional role in persistence and colonisation of diverse human populations. Isolates of H. pylori can be classified phylogeographically. To characterise diverse strains of this pathogen in different human popul...
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Adhesion of Escherichia Coli on Fragments of Some Environments Rocks in Aquatic Microcosm: Impact of PH and Biodegradable Organic Compound
Olive Vivien Noah Ewoti,
Antoine Tamsa Arfao,
Chrétien Lontsi Djimeli,
Luciane Marlyse Moungang,
Robert Adjia,
Moïse Nola
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 3, August 2017
Pages:
139-147
Received:
9 March 2017
Accepted:
18 March 2017
Published:
26 April 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijmb.20170203.16
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Abstract: A study was conducted in the laboratory to assess the capacity of rocks immersed in water to reduce the abundance of Escherichia coli and evaluated the impact of pH and, Biodegradable Organic Compound on adhesion process. These rocks have been chosen according to their representation in the aquatic environment and their chemical composition. The used rocks were collected in four different regions of Cameroon (Central Africa). Rocks used were granite, basalt, micaschist and sandstone. The pH of the medium ranged between 3 and 13 C. U, and Biodegradable organic compound (BOC) concentrations were 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 and 15 g/l. The duration of the cell adhesion varied from 180 to 1440 min. The highest acidic and basic pH very significantly increases the cells adhesion rate on the substrates (P<0.01). Moreover, when the BOC varies, the average abundances of E. coli cells adhered over time ranged from 8.5 x 103 ± 7.5 to 57.3 x 103 ± 11.2 CFU/cm2 on the micaschist, 2.9 x 103 ± 3.1 to 81.8 x 103 ± 14.6 CFU/cm2 on the granite, 3.9 x 103 ± 5.9 to 154 x 103 ± 18.1 CFU/cm2 on the sandstone, and from 3.6 x 103 ± 5.2 to 184 x 103 ± 21.5 CFU/cm2 on the basalt fragments. Therefore, these two parameters should be considered in the methods of treatment of drinking water.
Abstract: A study was conducted in the laboratory to assess the capacity of rocks immersed in water to reduce the abundance of Escherichia coli and evaluated the impact of pH and, Biodegradable Organic Compound on adhesion process. These rocks have been chosen according to their representation in the aquatic environment and their chemical composition. The us...
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Zinc Solubilizing Bacteria from Rhizospheric Soil of Mangroves
Beulah Jerlin,
S. Sharmila,
K. Kathiresan,
K. Kayalvizhi
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 3, August 2017
Pages:
148-155
Received:
6 March 2017
Accepted:
24 March 2017
Published:
8 May 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijmb.20170203.17
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Abstract: Zinc (Zn) is among the essential micronutrients required for optimum plant growth. Inorganic zinc in soil is generally in unavailable form for plant assimilation. However, Zinc Solubilizing Bacteria (ZSB) makes the inorganic zinc in to biologically available form. Such studies in mangroves habitats are almost non-existing. Hence, the present study explored the presence of ZSB from mangrove soil. The ZSB were in a range of 9.53% to 13.9% in non-mangrove soil and Rhizophora mangrove root soil respectively. Out of 24 morphologically distinct strains of ZSB, three strains (ZSB-4, ZSB-13, ZSB-14) displayed high Zn solubilization efficiency on solid medium amended with ZnO (382%), ZnCO3 (365%) and ZnSO4 (336%). These strains exhibited significant release of Zn at the concentrations of 2.3 2.12 and 2.09 ppm by ZSB-14, ZSB-4 and ZSB-13 respectively on 10th day of incubation in broth medium amended with ZnO. The strains released acids as evident by decline in pH of the broth medium. They also secreted IAA with the maximum of 14.5 ppm by ZSB-4 with ZnO as source of Zn. The potential strains for Zn solubilization were identified using 16S rRNA as Pseudomonas aeroginosa for further application as bioinoculants to mangrove soil.
Abstract: Zinc (Zn) is among the essential micronutrients required for optimum plant growth. Inorganic zinc in soil is generally in unavailable form for plant assimilation. However, Zinc Solubilizing Bacteria (ZSB) makes the inorganic zinc in to biologically available form. Such studies in mangroves habitats are almost non-existing. Hence, the present study ...
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