Physicochemical Properties and Fatty Acid Composition of Castor Bean Ricinus communis L. Seed Oil
Orijajogun Joyce Omohu,
Ayegba Clement Omale
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, August 2017
Pages:
62-65
Received:
31 August 2016
Accepted:
25 January 2017
Published:
28 November 2017
Abstract: The oil content of castor seeds depends on the genotype; it is also affected by the environmental conditions, cultural practices and time of harvesting. The oil from castor bean seed obtained from Zaria in Northern Nigeria was extracted using a soxhlet method. The yield of the oil from the Castor beans is 37.8%. The physicochemical properties and fatty acid composition of the seed oil of castor bean were studied. The physicochemical analysis of the oil showed iodine value 93.50 mg/g; saponification value 182.61 mgKOH/g; peroxide value 5.7 meq/kg; acid value 15.57 mgKOH/g; free fatty acid value 7.8 and ester value 165.57 mgKOH/g. The fatty acid profile showed that the ricinoleic acid comprises about 86.96% of the total fatty acid composition. The major saturated fatty acids are palmitic (0.56%) and oleic (5.1%). Other fatty acids present were Octanoic acid 0.29% and pentanoic acid 1.33%. The castor seed oil is rich in ricinoleic acid which shows that the oil is a good source of ricinoleic acid.
Abstract: The oil content of castor seeds depends on the genotype; it is also affected by the environmental conditions, cultural practices and time of harvesting. The oil from castor bean seed obtained from Zaria in Northern Nigeria was extracted using a soxhlet method. The yield of the oil from the Castor beans is 37.8%. The physicochemical properties and f...
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Mechanism, of Biophysicochemical Interactions and Cellular Uptake at the Nano-Bio Interface: A Review
Louis Hitler,
Maraga Tonny Nyong’a,
Israt Ali,
Ahmed Sadia,
Kibaba Paul Waliaula,
Okoth Joseph Ogalo,
Akakuru Ozioma Udochukwu
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, August 2017
Pages:
66-78
Received:
13 September 2017
Accepted:
25 September 2017
Published:
18 December 2017
Abstract: Although numerous studies have investigated the interaction between nanoparticles and biological systems (proteins, cells, tissues, membrane etc.), and the growing interests of nanotoxicity of these engineered nanoparticles, much remains to be investigated. First, there are various factors to be explored, such as the physical or chemical properties of materials, different cell lines, and the systematic study of specific materials. Secondly, architectural structure (shape) conditions of NPs have not been well investigated and undestood. Third, the variations in cell line result in different cell uptake, toxicity, or transportation in the same materials, but systematic studies of this phenomenon are scanty. Fourth, the nanotoxicity issue and the accumulation of non-degradable materials relating to biosafety are yet to be understood. Fifth, the transformation of NMs’ surface chemistry in living creatures is too complicated to investigate. In this article, we review the biophysicochemical mechanisms of the various interactions between nanomaterials and biological systems (proteins, cells, membrane). With the rapid increase in studies related to nanotechnology, investigations on nanomaterials can be more beneficial than others because of their size. A comprehensive understanding of nano-bio interactions can serve as a foundation for future biomedical applications.
Abstract: Although numerous studies have investigated the interaction between nanoparticles and biological systems (proteins, cells, tissues, membrane etc.), and the growing interests of nanotoxicity of these engineered nanoparticles, much remains to be investigated. First, there are various factors to be explored, such as the physical or chemical properties...
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