-
Quantitation of Aflatoxins in Food Materials Using HPLC-FLD Method
Fevzi Kilicel,
Hacer Sibel Karapinar,
Aysel Cimen
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
90-97
Received:
4 April 2017
Accepted:
22 April 2017
Published:
14 November 2017
Abstract: In this study, a sensitive high performance liquid chromatography coupled to a fluorescence detector (HPLC-FLD) method after post-column derivatisation was applied for the presence of aflatoxins (AFs) in 45 samples (dried apricots, raisins, dried figs, nuts, peanuts, almonds, corn, redpepper, blackpepper, bread and moldy cheese). Samples were collected four seasons from several open market places in Karaman/Turkey and checked for AFs levels. At the same time bread samples were incubated for seven day outdoors. The purpose of this experiment is to determine the time required to reach the critical aflatoxin amounts in the bread that we consumed in our home. AFs were present in 75% of dried apricots (6/8), 100% of raisins (8/8), 100% of dried figs (8/8), 75% of nuts (6/8), 50% of peanuts (4/8), 50% of almonds (4/8), 100% of corn (8/8), 100% of blackpepper (8/8), 100% of redpepper (8/8), 78.5% of bread (11/14), 75% of moldy cheese (3/4) at total AF levels ranging. Eight redpepper samples were above the European maximum tolerable limit (MTL) of 8 µg kg-1 for AFB1, while total AFs concentration exceeded the MTL of 10 µg kg-1 in eight redpepper samples. The amount of aflatoxin in other samples is lower than the value of European MLT.
Abstract: In this study, a sensitive high performance liquid chromatography coupled to a fluorescence detector (HPLC-FLD) method after post-column derivatisation was applied for the presence of aflatoxins (AFs) in 45 samples (dried apricots, raisins, dried figs, nuts, peanuts, almonds, corn, redpepper, blackpepper, bread and moldy cheese). Samples were colle...
Show More
-
Comparative Chromatographic and Spectrophotometric Methods for Quantitative Estimation of Paracetamol in Analgesic Tablet Dosage Forms
Adams Udoji Itodo,
Nnodim Vivian Onyinye
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
98-103
Received:
10 March 2017
Accepted:
20 March 2017
Published:
28 November 2017
Abstract: Poor quality drugs pose a challenge to many countries especially the developing countries. This present study is a scientific approach to further combat medicines counterfeiting as well as the validation of claimed drug specification on labels. This was achieved by comparing two analytical methods viz; spectrophotometric (UV-Vis) and Chromatographic (HPLC) techniques for quantification of Paracetamol (4-acetamidophenol) in selected analgesics marketed in Lafia, Nigeria. The statistical validation parameters such as linearity and methodic error (accuracy, precision) tests were verified and reported in terms of deviation and significance. The tagged 500 mg/tab Paracetamol concentrations for procured Para-P, X, Y and Z were estimated to range between 505.62-570.70 mg/tab and 459.42-512.58 mg/tab using UV-Visible and HPLC respectively. It was reported that experimental paracetamol concentration compares well with the claimed label specification and are within limits prescribed by existing legislation. From results in this study, deviations in API’s concentration values between the two techniques are reasonable but of no statistical significance.
Abstract: Poor quality drugs pose a challenge to many countries especially the developing countries. This present study is a scientific approach to further combat medicines counterfeiting as well as the validation of claimed drug specification on labels. This was achieved by comparing two analytical methods viz; spectrophotometric (UV-Vis) and Chromatographi...
Show More
-
Determination of Trace Amounts of Copper in Samples of Sarcheshmeh Copper Mine Using Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Based on the Solidification of Floating Organic Droplets Prior to FAAS
Farzaneh Arabpour,
Sayed Zia Mohammadi
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
104-106
Received:
1 November 2017
Accepted:
20 November 2017
Published:
18 December 2017
Abstract: In this article dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction [1, 2] based on the solidification of floating organic drop (DLLME-SFO) [3] was successfully used as a sample preparation method prior to flame atomic absorption determination of trace amount of copper in standard and wastewater samples [4]. Several factors that may be affected on the extraction process, such as extraction and disperser solvent, the volume of extraction and disperser solvent, effect of salt, pH of the aqueous solution and extraction, time and Ions effect were optimized [5]. Under the best experimental conditions, the calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.8 ng mL-1 - 0.5 μg mL-1 of copper and detection limit was 0.2 ng mL-1 in the original solution (3Sb/m). The relative standard deviation seven replicate determination of 0.1 μg mL-1 copper was ± 1.9%. The high efficiency of DLLME-SFO to carry out the determination of copper in complex matrices was demonstrated. Finally, the proposed method has been applied for determination of trace amount of copper in standard and wastewater samples of Sarcheshmeh Copper mine and other factory with satisfactory results.
Abstract: In this article dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction [1, 2] based on the solidification of floating organic drop (DLLME-SFO) [3] was successfully used as a sample preparation method prior to flame atomic absorption determination of trace amount of copper in standard and wastewater samples [4]. Several factors that may be affected on the extract...
Show More
-
Quantitative Analysis of the Flavonoid Mesquitol in the Medicinal Plant Prosopis juliflora with Seasonal Variations in Marigat, Baringo County-Kenya
Mark Peter Odero,
Were Lincoln Munyendo,
Ambrose Kipchumba Kiprop
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
107-112
Received:
7 November 2017
Accepted:
20 November 2017
Published:
2 January 2018
Abstract: Several studies indicate that mesquitol exhibits significant free-radical scavenging properties, antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory properties. This makes it a useful resource with potential for exploitation in both agro-food and pharmaceutical industries. The heartwood of the plant P. juliflora is noted to contain very high levels of the flavan-3-ol compound mesquitol. Previous studies showed that in non-tropical countries like the United States of America where they experience four seasons in a year, mesquitol shows varying seasonal abundance with the least abundant season being the winter period. Meanwhile limited data exists on its abundance trends in tropical arid and semiarid regions that only experience the dry and wet seasons in a year. Plants samples of two distinct age groups were collected during the dry and wet seasons and extracted serially via a soxhlet apparatus after which column chromatography was used to assist in the process of mesquitol isolation. Thin layer chromatography assisted in pooling of fractions with similar Rf values. The Rf values were compared to available literature to ascertain fractions that contained mesquitol. A HPLC-UV method was developed and validated illustrating high accuracy and precision for the quantification of the mesquitol content in different P. juliflora samples. On evaluation, mesquitol was found to be more abundant during the wet seasons reaching 642.893 μg/ml as compared to 181.245 μg/ml for dry seasons. This abundance could be attributed to chemo-seasonal dynamics that have been witnessed to affect biosynthesis and deposition of phyto-compounds in plants. The developed and validated HPLC method, illustrated satisfactory quantification of mesquitol at 3-6% of the crude extract. This paper presents useful information on seasonal abundance dynamics of mesquitol in the tropics as a basis for the resource valorization.
Abstract: Several studies indicate that mesquitol exhibits significant free-radical scavenging properties, antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory properties. This makes it a useful resource with potential for exploitation in both agro-food and pharmaceutical industries. The heartwood of the plant P. juliflora is noted to contain very high levels of the fla...
Show More
-
Separation/Analysis of Congo Red by Using Poly (Ionic Liquid) Immobilized Magnetic Nanoparticles Magnetic Solid Phase Extraction Coupled with Fluorescence Spectrophotometry
Almojtaba Abd Alkhalig Ahmed Bakheet,
Xiashi Zhu
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
113-118
Received:
15 November 2017
Accepted:
25 November 2017
Published:
2 January 2018
Abstract: Magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) accompanied with fluorescence spectrophotometry using Poly (ionic liquid) immobilized magnetic nanoparticles (PIL-MNPs) as sorbent was introduced for Congo red analysis in food. Poly (1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium) bromide immobilized (MNPs) were prepared through co-polymerization of 1-vinyl-3-hexylimidazolium-based ionic liquid and vinyl-modified magnetic particles. Some of different types of parameters, such as pH value, adsorption temperature and time, sample volume, eluent type, were studied. Under the optimum conditions, the preconcentration factor for AR was 27. The linear range, detection limit (DL), correlation coefficient (R) and relative standard deviation (RSD) were found to be 0.10-9.00μg/mL, 5.2μg/L, 0.9987 and 3.10% (n=3, c=4.00μg/mL). This method had been successfully applied to the separation / analysis of Congo red in real samples.
Abstract: Magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) accompanied with fluorescence spectrophotometry using Poly (ionic liquid) immobilized magnetic nanoparticles (PIL-MNPs) as sorbent was introduced for Congo red analysis in food. Poly (1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium) bromide immobilized (MNPs) were prepared through co-polymerization of 1-vinyl-3-hexylimidazolium-ba...
Show More
