Effect of Vaccination on Influenza Infection Rate on KSA
Mohammed Ahmed Garout,
Imad A AlJahdali,
Magda Rmadan Abdultawab,
Rana Mohammed Garout,
Raha Mohammed Garout
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, June 2019
Pages:
18-22
Received:
16 May 2019
Accepted:
14 June 2019
Published:
11 July 2019
Abstract: Influenza is an acute respiratory disease characterized in its full form by the sudden onset of high fever, coryza, cough, headache, malaise, and inflammation of the upper respiratory tree and trachea. In most cases, pneumonic involvement is not clinically prominent. Aim of study: this Review, we examine the influenza virus infection in cross section study in Riyadh city KSA, This knowledge is used for risk assessments for future, and study effect of influenza vaccine and its implication against influenza virus infection rate STUDY METHODS: A cluster randomized trial involving 1271 children and adolescents and adult, age group between 36 months to 60 years who attend for SMC (Specialized medical center hospital) hospital in ER from January 1 2018, and ended December 31, 2018. History was taken for received vaccine or not, and risk factor diseases (Bronchial Asthma, Diabetics, Heart disease, pneumonia, Immunocompromised). NASOPHARNGEAL swab for: Diagnostic tests: rapid antigen testing, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and rapid molecular assays, and Follow-up for outcome in infected cases Results: the study revealed that 361of 1271 (28.4%) had influenza, 89 patient had H1N1 (7%), 128 patients had influenza A (10.07%) & 144 patients had influenza B (11.32%), one case had H1N1 and Influnza B Detected, 61% had received vaccination., Among 361 diseased cases 137 receive vaccine (37.9%), outcome of case did not need hospital admission, complete recovery for a protective effectiveness of 61% (95% confidence interval [P =.03). overall protective effectiveness of influenza vaccine was 59.3% in children and 66.5% in adult so over all protection 63%, recommendation Routine annual influenza vaccination is recommended for all persons age 6 months and older.
Abstract: Influenza is an acute respiratory disease characterized in its full form by the sudden onset of high fever, coryza, cough, headache, malaise, and inflammation of the upper respiratory tree and trachea. In most cases, pneumonic involvement is not clinically prominent. Aim of study: this Review, we examine the influenza virus infection in cross secti...
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Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Related to Visceral Leishmaniasis and Its Trend in Libo Kem Kem Wereda, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional and Retrospective Study
Walelign Azene Demelash,
Dagim Jirata Birri
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, June 2019
Pages:
23-28
Received:
22 May 2019
Accepted:
28 June 2019
Published:
19 July 2019
Abstract: Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) affects many people in some parts of Ethiopia, with occasional outbreaks. Community participation and disease trends are of paramount importance in the control of infectious diseases, including VL. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice related to VL in four endemic kebeles (sub-districts) of Libo Kemkem wereda (district), Northwest Ethiopia, and to determine the trend of VL in the same district in the last fourteen years (April 2005- December 2018). In order to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) related to VL, a community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in four endemic kebeles of Libo Kemkem woreda, Northwest Ethiopia. Three hundred ninety-eight (398) study participants (200 males and 198 females) were selected by systematic random sampling and questionnaires were used to collect data. A retrospective study was done to determine the trend of VL in Libo Kemkem woreda in the past fourteen years (April 2005-December 2018) using data collected from patients’ registration book at the Addis zemen hospital and local health centers. The results from the questionnaire survey revealed that 97.7% of the respondents heard about VL before, but only 12.8% and 5.3% knew the etiologic agent and the vector of the disease, respectively. Nearly all respondents (97.2%) believed that health education is necessary to minimize the challenges of the disease. Close to half (44.5%) of the respondents believed that a complete cure of the disease is possible. Approximately 88% of the respondents did not practice anything to protect themselves from the Sand fly bite. The occurrence of VL in Libo Kemkem wereda decreased from 2005 to 2008 and then gradually increased in the next five years (2008 to 2013) and slightly decreased over the last five years (2013-2018). The disease spread to 27 kebeles (subdistricts) in recent years. The overall study revealed that the local societies have a low level of knowledge, attitude, and practice related to VL. VL showed a little decreasing trend over the recent consecutive years. Hence, educating the local community about VL and mobilizing them to take preventive measures is crucial in effective control of VL in the study area.
Abstract: Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) affects many people in some parts of Ethiopia, with occasional outbreaks. Community participation and disease trends are of paramount importance in the control of infectious diseases, including VL. The aim of this study was to assess the kn...
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Spinal Epidural Abscess Diagnosed at Lumbar Puncture Tap and Revealed by Paraparesis
Sylvain Raoul Simeni Njonnou,
Lolita Noundjeu Kamdem,
Aimée Tiodoung Timnou,
Caroline Ngoufack,
Sandrine Lynda Sa’a Lontsi,
Marie-Josiane Ntsama Essomba,
Odette Kengni Kebiwo,
Ahmadou Musa Jingi,
Alice Ninon Tsitsol Meke,
Madeleine Singwe-Ngandeu
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, June 2019
Pages:
29-32
Received:
14 June 2019
Accepted:
10 July 2019
Published:
24 July 2019
Abstract: Spinal epidural abscess (SEA) is a deadly disease if not promptly treated with antibiotics, either in association with neurosurgery or not. Motor impairment remains the most complication, but death can occur particularly in a resource-limited setting. We report a case of spinal epidural abscess in a 56-year-old female in an urban setting in Cameroon complicated motor impairment. She presented with a 1-week history of back pain and pollakiuria. The diagnosis was done by a lumbar puncture tap. Despite an improvement in the availability of diagnostic and therapeutic modalities for neurologic emergencies, affordability is still a challenge. An increase in our technical platform and accessibility of anyone to care remain a big challenge in sub-Saharan Africa.
Abstract: Spinal epidural abscess (SEA) is a deadly disease if not promptly treated with antibiotics, either in association with neurosurgery or not. Motor impairment remains the most complication, but death can occur particularly in a resource-limited setting. We report a case of spinal epidural abscess in a 56-year-old female in an urban setting in Cameroo...
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