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Care for Acute Otitis Media in Children by General Practitioners in North Benin in 2017
Marius Claude Flatin,
Spéro Herménégilde Raoul Hounkpatin,
Cossi Angelo Attinsounon,
Abdou Zulkif Toungou,
Fatiou Alabi Bouraima,
Alexis do Santos Zounon,
François Avakoudjo,
Wassi Adjibabi
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, June 2018
Pages:
24-29
Received:
16 March 2018
Accepted:
29 March 2018
Published:
9 May 2018
Abstract: Introduction: Acute otitis media (AOM) is a common childhood infection, subject to a wrongful prescription of antibiotics. The objective of this work was to evaluate the practices of general practitioners of North-Benin, in term of caring AOM in children. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive survey based on a telephone interview questionnaire with 112 general practitioners working in North Benin in 2017. The collected data were analyzed using EpiData Analysis and Open Epi software. The Khi2 test was used for comparisons. The significance threshold adopted was 0.05. Results: Of the 145 general practitioners listed, 112 participated in the survey for a participation rate of 77.2%. The mean age was 32 ± 6 years with a sex ratio of 4.04 and the median duration of seniority in the medical practice was 4 years with extremes of 1 and 32 years. Three main clinical signs suggestive of the diagnosis were, according to the respondents, otalgia (107; 95.5%), otorrhea (86; 76.8%) and fever (77; 68.8%). Tympanum inflammation and middle ear effusion association was considered as a diagnostic criterium by 17.9% of doctors. Therapeutic recommendations were known by 15 doctors (13.4%). Systematic antibiotic therapy was advocated by 86 doctors (76.8%). The main reasons for systematic antibiotics were the frequent use of antibiotics by parents in the self-medication (63 cases or 74.4%), the difficulty of following up the child (55 cases or 64 per cent) and the fear of the locoregional or systemic spread of infection (40 cases or 46.5%). The amoxicillin-clavulanic acid combination was prescribed as first-line by 68 respondents (62.4%). Forty doctors (36.7%) prescribed third-generation cephalosporins as second-line therapy. Systemic rhinopharyngeal disinfection was performed by 23 doctors (20.5%). In case of therapeutic failure, the opinion of an ENT doctor was requested by 66 general practitioners or 58.9% of the cases. Conclusion: It is necessary that Beninese medical companies develop national recommendations for managing the acute otitis media and ensure their diffusion through continuous medical training.
Abstract: Introduction: Acute otitis media (AOM) is a common childhood infection, subject to a wrongful prescription of antibiotics. The objective of this work was to evaluate the practices of general practitioners of North-Benin, in term of caring AOM in children. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive survey based on a telephone interview questio...
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Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from Wound Infections in a Tertiary Care Centre in South Kerala, India
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, June 2018
Pages:
30-33
Received:
4 May 2018
Accepted:
14 June 2018
Published:
9 July 2018
Abstract: Multiple antibiotic resistance in bacterial populations is a pervasive and growing clinical problem, which is recognized as a threat to public health. Drug resistance to Pseudomonas sp. has spread to such a level irrespective of the type of patients, that, its pattern of distribution and antibiotic resistance needs to be studied in detail, especially in trauma patients. Of the Gram negative bacilli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been of particular interest, the incidence of which in wound infection has increased compared to a decade back. The objective of this study was to know the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from wound infections. Out of the total of 1404 cases from which pus samples collected, 204 (14.5%) yielded Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. Among the antibiotics tested, Imipenem was the most sensitive drug, showing susceptibility in 81.3% of the isolates, followed by Piperacillin + tazobactam (76.4%), Meropenem (70.5%) and Piperacillin (67.6%). Fifteen (7.4%) multidrug resistant strains were reported out of the 204 isolations. Increase in resistance to aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones in this study, prompted evaluation of antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Pseudomonas isolates from clinical samples at regular intervals.
Abstract: Multiple antibiotic resistance in bacterial populations is a pervasive and growing clinical problem, which is recognized as a threat to public health. Drug resistance to Pseudomonas sp. has spread to such a level irrespective of the type of patients, that, its pattern of distribution and antibiotic resistance needs to be studied in detail, especial...
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Urinary Tract Infections in Patients Admitted to the Nephrology Department
Mouayche Ikhlas,
Hamdani Hana,
Hiddou Abdesalam,
El Assas Hajar,
Fadili Wafaa,
Laouad Inass,
Soraa Nabila
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, June 2018
Pages:
34-39
Received:
15 May 2018
Accepted:
29 May 2018
Published:
1 August 2018
Abstract: Urinary infections (UI) remain among the most frequent problems faced by the clinician and occupy a prominent place in nephrological pathology due to their frequency and severity. The aim of this work is to study the aspect of UI in the nephrology service. Materials and methods: This is a prospective study over a periodof 5 months (July 2016 – December 2016). Results: 115 patients had benefited from cytobacterioligical urine exam. The prevalence of UI was 31%. The mean age of patients was 38 years with a female predominance. Renal failure was found in 33% of patients followedby nephrotic syndrome (25%) and kidney transplant (11%). Chronic renal insufficiency was foundin25% of patients and 23% receivedan Endoxanbolus. The mostincri minatedspecies were Enterobacteriae (81%) with the predominance of E. coli (44%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (31%) Enterobacter cloacae (3%) resistance to C3G by production of Betalactamases with extended spectrum was found in 24% of Enterobacteriaceae. Resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acidwas 72%, fluoroquinolones (34%) and gentamicin (14%). Thefirst-lineantibioticwas Ciprofloxacinin (62%) and a third generation cephalosporin in 28% of cases. Conclusion: Area soned use of antibiotic sisnecessaryin order to prevent the extension of bacterial resistance.
Abstract: Urinary infections (UI) remain among the most frequent problems faced by the clinician and occupy a prominent place in nephrological pathology due to their frequency and severity. The aim of this work is to study the aspect of UI in the nephrology service. Materials and methods: This is a prospective study over a periodof 5 months (July 2016 – Dece...
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Serodiagnosis of Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Jessu Community of Gombe State, Nigeria
Sheyin Zakka,
Frama Ishaku,
Essien Unyime Cosmas,
Shindang John,
Bigwan Emmanuel Isa
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, June 2018
Pages:
40-44
Received:
8 August 2018
Accepted:
24 August 2018
Published:
17 September 2018
Abstract: Hepatitis B virus causes disease of the liver and is a global health problem that leads to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite the dangers posed by this silent and deadly disease, there is little or no documented work on Hepatitis B infections in Jessu community, Gombe State, North East Nigeria. This study was undertaken to determine the sero-prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus infection and possible risk factors associated with the transmission of HBV. Blood samples (3ml) were collected from 196 eligible consented subjects and the serum samples were tested for the presence of HBsAg using On Site HBsAg Rapid Test Kit manufactured by CTK Biotech, USA. The OnSite HBV 5-Parameter Rapid Test also manufactured by CTK Biotech, USA was used to confirm those that were positive. Of the 196 eligible subjects examined, 5.6% were confirmed positive for HBsAg, 8.6% were males and 2.9% were females. Age distribution of HBsAg among the population shows the highest seroprevalence of 8.9% HBsAg in ages 16-30 years, followed by 4.5% in ages 31-45 years while ages 0-15 years had 3.5% seroprevalence. Participants who share sharp objects recorded the highest prevalence of 6.3% HCV infection followed by blood transfusion with 5.9% prevalence and those with multiple sex partners had the least prevalence of 1.8% HCV infection. The seroprevalence of 5.6% HBV in this study indicated the presence of HBV in Jessu Community in Gombe State, North East Nigeria.
Abstract: Hepatitis B virus causes disease of the liver and is a global health problem that leads to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite the dangers posed by this silent and deadly disease, there is little or no documented work on Hepatitis B infections in Jessu community, Gombe State, North East Nigeria. This study was undertaken to determ...
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