Influence of IDPP-4 on Fat Metabolism in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Ametov Alexander Sergeevich,
Gusenbekova Dinara Gadjimagomedovna
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 6, November 2018
Pages:
78-86
Received:
21 October 2018
Accepted:
10 November 2018
Published:
3 January 2019
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijcems.20180406.11
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Abstract: According to IDF, more than 425 million people in the age of 20 to 79 all around the world are suffering from type 2 diabetes. In 2045, the number of people will reach 629 million. Such a rapid increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes is associated with increasing of patients with obesity. A whole range of mechanisms involving many organs and hormonal systems supports glucose homeostasis, and dysfunction of this systems leads to the development and progression of insulin resistance and the development of complications. Early start of therapy that aimed at the maximum number of pathophysiological targets can slow the progression of disease and prevent. The purpose of our study is to evaluate the influence of combined therapy of sitagliptin and metformin on fat metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study included 82 patients (age, 55.3±9.1 years) with obesity and lipid metabolism disorders. None of the patients had reached their target glycated hemoglobin levels after metformin and diet therapy. Patients in group 1 (n=42) received 1.5–2-g metformin daily before the study and were switched to a formulation of 100-mg sitagliptin and 2-g metformin once a day. Patients in group 2 (n=40) were on a diet therapy before inclusion and were started on 2-g metformin/day. The following were evaluated at baseline and after 6 months of therapy: fasting glucose levels, postprandial glucose levels, glycated hemoglobin, weight, body mass index, waist circumference and lipid profile; insulin, proinsulin, leptin and adiponectin levels; insulin resistance using the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) of β-cell function (HOMA-β) and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). In addition, magnetic resonance imaging was performed to assess the amount of visceral fat for the total cohort. As the result of intensification of therapy by adding sitagliptin to metformin, in patients with type 2 diabetes, compared to monotherapy with metformin, we got more pronounced important non – glycemic effects in the form of a decrease in the visceral fat depot, an improvement in functional activity of pancreatic β-cells, which is the leading pathogenesis mechanism for improving glycemic control.
Abstract: According to IDF, more than 425 million people in the age of 20 to 79 all around the world are suffering from type 2 diabetes. In 2045, the number of people will reach 629 million. Such a rapid increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes is associated with increasing of patients with obesity. A whole range of mechanisms involving many organs and ...
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Comparison of Tea Tree oil 5% Cream, Tea Tree Oil 5%+Permethrin 5% Cream, and Permethrine 5% Cream in Child Scabies
Iskandar Zulkarnain,
Regitta Indira Agusni,
Afif Nurul Hidayati
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 6, November 2018
Pages:
87-93
Received:
30 October 2018
Accepted:
27 November 2018
Published:
3 January 2019
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijcems.20180406.12
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Abstract: Scabies is a common ectoparasit infection caused by a tick of Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis. The World Health Organization (WHO) categorizes scabies as "Neglected Tropical Diseases" in 2013. Scabies is more common in the tropics, especially child scabies. TTO has been used in communities internationally for over 90 years. TTO is an essential oil derived from leaf distillation and terminal branch of Melaleuca alternifolia plant. TTO has been shown to be effective (in vitro) bactericidal activity, to bacteria such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). TTO was used to reduce colonization of MRSA and as an anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, and anti-viral skin infection. TTO is also used as a topical antipruritic drug. The TTO component is described specifically by the International Organization for Standardization Standard (ISO 4720), so the side effects of botanical products can be avoided. An experimental analytical study using randomized clinical trial and double blind parallel design comparing TTO 5% cream (treatment 1), TTO cream 5%+permethrin 5% (treatment 2) with permethrin 5% cream (control) on child scabies. The population of the study were the affected scabies students of junior high school (SMP), age 11-15 years, in 2 Islamic boarding school. Patient were examined on week 0, 1, 2, and 3, in order to decide whether the treatment should be continued or stopped. If complete remission were achieved, treatment was stopped. Examination data were collected and saved in medical records. Statistical analysis were processed using SPSS. At week 1, full recovery occurred in 1 patient (4.2%) in permethrin 5% group, 4 patients (16.7%) in TTO 5% group, and 3 patients (12.5%) in TTO 5%+permethrin 5% group. Chi-square test showed p value = 0.374 which means that there was no significant difference in three groups. At week 2, there were 4 patients (16.7%) in the permethrin 5% group, 13 patients (54.2%) in the TTO 5% group, and 5 patients (20.8%) in the TTO 5%+permethrin 5% group. Chi-square test showed p = 0.008 which means there was significant difference between permethrin 5% group, TTO 5% group, and TTO 5%+permethrin 5% group. We assume that TTO 5% cream is more effective than permethrin 5% cream in child scabies, TTO 5%+permethrin 5% more effective than permethrin 5% cream, TTO 5% cream is more effective than TTO 5%+permethrin 5% in child scabies. There are side effects, irritation in the permethrin 5% group, TTO 5%, and TTO 5%+permethrin 5%, which improved at week 2 of treatment.
Abstract: Scabies is a common ectoparasit infection caused by a tick of Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis. The World Health Organization (WHO) categorizes scabies as "Neglected Tropical Diseases" in 2013. Scabies is more common in the tropics, especially child scabies. TTO has been used in communities internationally for over 90 years. TTO is an essential oil d...
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