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Translocator Protein 18 kDa Involved in the Cognitive Impairment Induced by Isoflurane Inhalation Anesthesia
Rui Zhang,
Shanshan Zou,
Lingzhong Meng,
Ming Ding,
Huirong Han
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 6, November 2016
Pages:
101-106
Received:
23 August 2016
Accepted:
6 September 2016
Published:
14 October 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijcems.20160206.11
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Abstract: Background. Translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) plays a key role both in microglial activation and neuroinflammation. Postoperative cognitive decline (POCD), a notable hazard to both patients and society, maybe contribute to deficiently controlled neuroinflammatory processes initiated by anesthesia and surgery. So far it is unclear that whether TSPO is involved in the pathogenesis of POCD or not. Materials and Methods. Twelve adult rats and twelve aged rats were divided into control and isoflurane groups respectively. POCD was induced by a 4-hour exposure of 2% isoflurane. The memory retention capability was assessed by the Morris water maze trial, the mRNA and the protein expression of both TSPO and Iba1 were assessed by real-time quantitative PCR and Western Blot analysis separately. Results. Compared to the control group, the latency time to find platform was longer in the groups exposed to isoflurane (p<0.05); the mRNA and the protein expression of both TSPO and Iba1 were correspondingly upregulated (p<0.05); especially that the severity of cognitive decline and the degree of TSPO and Iba1 over-expression were significantly different between the adult and aged rats (p<0.05); The twice times across the platform showed no significant difference among all the groups. Conclusions. Our study for the first time showed that TSPO may be involved in the pathogenesis of the cognitive decline induced by isoflurane anesthesia. Its role for being a biomarker and an interventional target of POCD deserves future investigation.
Abstract: Background. Translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) plays a key role both in microglial activation and neuroinflammation. Postoperative cognitive decline (POCD), a notable hazard to both patients and society, maybe contribute to deficiently controlled neuroinflammatory processes initiated by anesthesia and surgery. So far it is unclear that whether TSPO...
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Myelomeningocele and Urinary Lithiasis - Case Report
Rogério Saint-Clair Pimentel Mafra,
Rafael Morroni de Oliveira,
Arthur Guilherme Lobato de Castro,
Luiz Ronaldo Alberti
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 6, November 2016
Pages:
107-109
Received:
1 June 2016
Accepted:
25 August 2016
Published:
17 December 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijcems.20160206.12
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Abstract: Myelomeningocele is a congenital malformation of central nervous system associated with urinary tract anomalies in several cases. This case report describes a 19 years old, female patient, admitted in Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte Hospital where she was previously diagnosed with lumbar myelomeningocele associated, lately, with several kidneys and bladder dysfunctions, including bladder lithiasis, evaluated by laboratory findings, images, and specifics renal depuration tests such as DTPA (diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid labeled with technetium 99 m) renal scintigraphy. After nephrectomy and antibiotic treatment, the patient had an improvement of her clinical symptoms.
Abstract: Myelomeningocele is a congenital malformation of central nervous system associated with urinary tract anomalies in several cases. This case report describes a 19 years old, female patient, admitted in Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte Hospital where she was previously diagnosed with lumbar myelomeningocele associated, lately, with several kidneys and bl...
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Analysis of Results of the Surgical Treatment of the Spinal Cord Injury (Step by Step)
Mykola Salkov,
Vitaliy Tsymbaliuk,
Lydmila Dzyak,
Anatoly Son,
German Titov,
Alexander Rodinsky,
Andrey Botvinnikov,
Nataly Zozylia,
Margaryta Salkova
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 6, November 2016
Pages:
110-116
Received:
6 December 2016
Accepted:
26 December 2016
Published:
17 January 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijcems.20160206.13
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Abstract: Purpose. Substantiation of the reasonable period of the surgical intervention with due account for the analysis of the surgical treatment. Methods. The research is based on the follow-up of 200 patients with spinal cord injury. In accordance with the goal of this research, all patients with spinal cord injury were allocated to four clinical groups according to the period of surgical intervention: within the first 24 hours after the injury (Group 2а), during the first 2 – 3 days (Group 2b), after 4 – 6 days (Group 2c) and over 6 days (Group 1). Results. Temporal factor is substantiated by the morphological examinations, which revealed inconvertibility of the secondary injury of spinal cord in case of its long-term compression between 7 – 8 days. Group 2а demonstrated (surgical intervention was performed within the first 24 hours after the injury) the best results in respect of neurological recovery, namely 66,7%. In Group 2b the treatment efficiency was 58,4% and in group 2с – 51,4%. The control group demonstrated the lowest percent of neurological recovery, namely 11%. All patients had the spinal cord compression due to fractures and fractures - dislocations vertebrae. In the course of the treatment we used modern methods decompression and stabilization of spinal column, as well as pharmacological treatment. Conclusions. Spinal cord injury under the action of the long-term compression of vessels of spinal cord and matter of spinal cord is followed by the progressive secondary injuries and consequently by irreversible changes in the structure of the spinal cord, which can be revealed on the 7 – 8 day after the injury. The first six days is the most effective period for the performance of the decompression and stabilization operations in the presence of the spinal cord injury.
Abstract: Purpose. Substantiation of the reasonable period of the surgical intervention with due account for the analysis of the surgical treatment. Methods. The research is based on the follow-up of 200 patients with spinal cord injury. In accordance with the goal of this research, all patients with spinal cord injury were allocated to four clinical groups ...
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Choosing an Optimal Suture Material for Prehepatic Portal Hypertension Modeling
Nikolay Olegovich Arefyev,
Dmitry Victorovich Garbuzenko,
Linar Rinatovich Khasanov
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 6, November 2016
Pages:
117-121
Received:
29 October 2016
Accepted:
21 November 2016
Published:
18 January 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijcems.20160206.14
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Abstract: If the catheter size, the thickness of a thread, the place for ligation were determined for the partial portal vein ligation (PPVL), the question of the suture material remains open. The aim of the study was to determine the optimal suture material (silk or prolene) for PPVL. The experiment was performed on 25 male adult outbred rats. The PPVL was carried out using the catheter 20G with thread 4-0. Portal pressure was measured before and 15 days after ligation. The measurements were performed by the differential manometer Testo 510 (Germany), which was connected to the catheter 24G, located in the distal part of the superior mesenteric vein. The animals were divided into two groups: the first group (n=12) – portal vein (PV) was ligated with silk, and the second group (n=13) – PV was ligated with prolene. The average values of portal pressure before PPVL in experimental animals were 7,50 ± 0,20 mmHg. All animals survived in the first group. 7 rats in the second group died on the 1-2 day after surgery because of PV thrombosis. There were no significant differences in the average values of portal pressure in the comparison groups after 15 days: the first group (n = 12) - 11,44 ± 0,06 mmHg, the second group (n = 6) - 11,24 ± 0,04 mm Hg. Despite the same type of portal hypertension model and its equal severity, the use of prolene thread caused a greater propensity to PV thrombosis.
Abstract: If the catheter size, the thickness of a thread, the place for ligation were determined for the partial portal vein ligation (PPVL), the question of the suture material remains open. The aim of the study was to determine the optimal suture material (silk or prolene) for PPVL. The experiment was performed on 25 male adult outbred rats. The PPVL was ...
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